Survival and cause-specific mortality of neonatal mule deer fawns, north-central New Mexico

Journal of Wildlife Management

Volumn 71, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 884-894

  Lomas, Laurie A ^a,b   Bender, Louis C ^a  

^a NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Trinity River Natl Wildlife Refuge   (United States)

Author keywords

Birth mass; Fawns; Habitat; Mule deer; New Mexico; Nutritional condition; Odocoileus hemionus; Population; Survival

Indexed keywords

BODY CONDITION; BODY MASS; CAUSE OF DEATH; DEER; ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS; HABITAT QUALITY; NEONATE; NUTRITION; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; POPULATION DECLINE; PRECIPITATION (CLIMATOLOGY); SURVIVAL;

NEW MEXICO; NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES;

CERVIDAE; ODOCOILEUS HEMIONUS;

EID: 34249791933     PISSN: 0022541X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2193/2006-203     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Andersen, R., and J. D. C. Linnell. 1998. Ecological correlates of mortality of roe deer fawns in a predator-free environment. Canadian Journal of Zoology 76:1217-1225.
2. Anderson, A. E. 1975. Evaluation of radiotelemetry. Game Research Report No. W-38-R-29. Colorado Division of Wildlife, Fort Collins, USA.
3. Anderson, A. E. 1981. Morphological and physiological characteristics. Pages 27-97 in O. C. Wallmo, editor. Mule and black-tailed deer of North America. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, USA.
4. Ballard, W. B., D. Lutz, T. W. Keegan, L. H. Carpenter, and J. C. Carpenter, Jr. 2001. Deer-predator relationships: a review of recent North American studies with emphasis on mule and black-tailed deer. Wildlife Society Bulletin 29:99-115.
5. Bartmann, R. M., G. C. White, and L. H. Carpenter. 1992. Compensatory mortality in a Colorado mule deer population. Wildlife Monographs 121.
6. Bender, L. C., compiler. 2006. Identification of factors limiting mule deer populations and development of corrective management strategies along the upper Santa Fe Trail, New Mexico. Final Report, New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Las Cruces, USA.
7. Bender, L. C., G. A. Schirato, R. D. Spencer, K. R. McAllister, and B. L. Murphie. 2004. Survival, cause-specific mortality, and harvesting of male black-tailed deer in Washington. Journal of Wildlife Management 68:870-878.
8. Burnham, K. P., and D. R. Anderson. 1998. Model selection and inference: a practical information-theoretic approach. Springer, New York, New York, USA.
9. Carpenter, L. H. 1998. Deer in the West. Pages 104-118 in J. C. deVos, Jr., editor. Proceedings of the 1997 deer/elk workshop. Arizona Game and Fish Department, Rio Rico, USA.
10. Carroll, B. K., and D. L. Brown. 1977. Factors affecting neonatal fawn survival in southern-central Texas. Journal of Wildlife Management 41:63-69.
11. Clutton-Brock, T. H., F. E. Guinness, and S. D. Albon. 1982. Red deer: behavior and ecology of two sexes. University of Chicago Press, Illinois, USA.
12. Clutton-Brock, T. H., M. Major, S. D. Albon, and F. E. Guiness. 1987. Early development and population dynamics in red deer. I. Density dependent effects on juvenile survival. Journal of Animal Ecology 56:53-67.
13. Connolly, G. E. 1981. Assessing populations. Pages 287-345 in O. C. Wallmo, editor. Mule and black-tailed deer of North America. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, USA.
14. Cook, J. G. 2002. Nutrition and food habits. Pages 259-349 in D. E. Toweill and J. W. Thomas, editors. North American elk: ecology and management. Smithsonian Institute Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
15. Cook, J. G., B. K. Johnson, R. C. Cook, R. A. Riggs, T. Delcurto, L. D. Bryant, and L. L. Irwin. 2004. Effects of summer-autumn nutrition and parturition date on reproduction and survival of elk. Wildlife Mongraphs 151.
16. Cook, R. S., M. White, D. O. Trainer, and W. C. Glazener. 1971. Mortality of young white-tailed deer fawns in south Texas. Journal of Wildlife Management 35:47-56.
17. Czaplewski, R. L., D. M. Crowe, and L. L. McDonald. 1983. Sample sizes and confidence intervals for wildlife population ratios. Wildlife Society Bulletin 11:121-128.
18. Dickinson, T. G., G. E. Wampler, G. W. Garner, and C. D. Simpson. 1980. Mortality of desert mule deer in Pecos County, Texas. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 60:581-592.
19. Downing, R. L., and B. S. McGinnes. 1969. Capturing and marking of white-tailed deer fawns. Journal of Wildlife Management 33:711-714.
20. Elenowitz, A., and D. Humphreys. 1988. New Mexico's mule deer population/environment/hunt computer model. Final Report, Pittman-Robertson Project No. W-124-R-11, Work plan 5, Jobs 1-4. New Mexico Department Game and Fish, Santa Fe, USA.
21. Gaillard, J.-M., M. Festa-Bianchet, N. G. Yoccoz, A. Loison, and C. Toigo. 2000. Temporal variation in fitness components and population dynamics of large herbivores. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 31:367-393.
22. Guiness, F. E., R. M. Gibson, and T. H. Cluttonbrock. 1978. Calving times of red deer on Rhom. Journal of Zoology (London) 185:105-114.
23. Haugen, A. O., and D. W. Speake. 1958. Determining age of young fawn white-tailed deer. Journal of Wildlife Management 22:319-321.
24. Heisey, D. M., and T. K. Fuller. 1985. Evaluation of survival and causespecific mortality rates using telemetry data. Journal of Wildlife Management 49:668-674.
25. Hosmer, D. W., and S. Lemeshow. 1989. Applied logistic regression. John Wiley and Sons, New York, New York, USA.
26. Huegel, C. N., R. B. Dahlgren, and H. L. Gladfelter. 1985. Use of doe behavior to capture white-tailed deer fawns. Wildlife Society Bulletin 13:287-289.
27. Kitts, W. D., I. M. Cowan, J. Bandy, and A. J. Wood. 1956. The immediate post-natal growth in Columbian black-tailed deer in relation to composition of the milk of the doe. Journal of Wildlife Management 20:212-214.
28. Kunkel, K. E., and L. D. Mech. 1994. Wolf and bear predation on whitetailed deer fawns in northeastern Minnesota. Canadian Journal of Zoology 72:1557-1565.
29. Landete-Castillejos, T., A. Garcia, and L. Gallego. 2001. Calf growth in captive Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus): effect of birth date and hind milk production and composition. Journal of Animal Science 79:1085-1092.
30. Landete-Castillejos, T., A. Garcia, J. A. Gomez, and L. Gallego. 2003. Lactation under food constraints in Iberian red deer Cervus elaphus hispancus. Wildlife Biology 9:131-139.
31. Landete-Castillejos, T., A. Garcia, P. Molina, H. Vergara, J. Garde, and L. Gallego. 2000. Milk production and composition in captive Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus): effect of birth date. Journal of Animal Science 78:2771-2777.
32. Linnell, J. D. C., R. Aanes, and R. Anderson. 1995. Who killed Bambi? The role of predation in the neonatal mortality of temperate ungulates. Wildlife Biology 1:209-223.
33. Linnell, J. D. C., P. Nijhuis, I. Teurlings, and R. Andersen. 1999. Selection of bed-sites by roe deer Capreolus capreolus fawns in a boreal landscape. Wildlife Biology 5:225-231.
34. Marshal, J. P., P. R. Krausman, and V. C. Bleich. 2005. Rainfall, temperature, and forage dynamics affect nutritional quality of desert mule deer forage. Rangeland Ecology and Management 58:360-365.
35. Martin, W. C. 1976. Some aspects of the natural history of Colfax and eastern Taos Counties, New Mexico. Pages 97-102 in R. C. Ewing and B. S. Kues, editors. Guidebook of Vermejo Park. The New Mexico Geological Society, 27th Field Conference, 30 September-2 October 1976, Santa Fe, USA.
36. McCullough, C. Y. 1973. Seasonal diets of mule deer and white-tailed deer. Pages 1-37 in Deer nutrition in Arizona chapparral and desert habitats. Special report no. 3. Arizona Game and Fish, Phoenix, USA.
37. Murphy, D. A., and J. A. Coates. 1966. Effects of dietary protein on deer. Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resource Conference 31:129-139.
38. National Climatic Data Center. 2005. Monthly precipitation data for the Raton filter plant, Colfax County, New Mexico. . Accessed 1 Jul 2005.
39. O'Gara, B. W. 1978. Differential characteristics of predator kills. Proceedings of the Biennial Pronghorn Antelope Workshop 8:380-393.
40. Oliver, M. N. 1997. California deer condition index: a field technique for scoring body condition. California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento, USA.
41. Parkinson, D. E., R. P. Ellis, and L. D. Lewis. 1982. Colostrum deficiency in mule deer fawns: identification, treatment and influence on neonatal mortality. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 18:17-28.
42. Pollock, K. H., S. R. Winterstein, C. M. Bunck, and P. D. Curtis. 1989. Survival analysis in telemetry studies: the staggered-entry design. Journal of Wildlife Management 53:7-15.
43. Robinette, W. L., C. H. Baer, R. E. Pillmore, and C. E. Knitte. 1973. Effects of nutritional change on captive mule deer. Journal of Wildlife Management 37:312-326.
44. Rognmo, A., K. A. Markussen, E. Jacobsen, and A. S. Blix. 1983. Effects of improved nutrition in pregnant reindeer on milk quality, calf birth weight, growth, and mortality. Rangifer 79:10-18.
45. Sams, M. G., R. L. Lochmiller, C. W. Qualls, Jr., D. M. Leslie, and M. E. Payton. 1996. Physiological correlates of neonatal mortality in an overpopulated herd of white-tailed deer. Journal of Mammalogy 77:179-190.
46. Siegel, S. 1956. Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences. MacGraw-Hill, New York, New York, USA.
47. Smith, R. H., and A. LeCount. 1979. Some factors affecting survival of desert mule deer fawns. Journal of Wildlife Management 43:657-665.
48. Steigers, W. D., Jr., and J. T. Flinders. 1980. Mortality and movements of mule deer fawns in Washington. Journal Wildlife Management 44:381-388.
49. Stephenson, T. R., V. C. Bleich, B. M. Pierce, and G. P. Mulcahy. 2002. Validation of mule deer body composition using in vivo and post-mortem indices of nutritional condition. Wildlife Society Bulletin 30:557-564.
50. Taylor, T. J. 1996. Condition and reproductive performance of female mule deer in the central Sierra Nevada. California Department of Game and Fish, Bishop, USA.
51. Thorne, E. T., R. D. Dean, and W. G. Hepworth. 1976. Nutrition during gestation in relation to successful reproduction in elk. Journal of Wildlife Management 40:330-335.
52. Trainer, C. E., J. C. Lemos, T. P. Kistner, W. C. Lightfoot, and D. E. Toweill. 1981. Mortality of mule deer fawns in southeastern Oregon:1968-1979. Wildlife Research Report No. 10. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Portland, USA.
53. Verme, L. J. 1962. Mortality of white-tailed deer fawns in relation to nutrition. Pages 15-28 in Proceedings from the 1st National Deer Disease Symposium. University of Georgia, 13-15 February 1962, Athens, USA.
54. Verme, L. J. 1963. Effect of nutrition on growth of white-tailed deer fawns. Transactions on the North America Wildlife and Natural Resource Conference 28:431-443.
55. Verme, L. J. 1965. Reproduction studies of penned white-tailed deer. Journal of Wildlife Management 29:74-79.
56. Verme, L. J. 1969. Reproductive patterns of white-tailed deer related to nutritional plane. Journal of Wildlife Management 33:881-887.
57. Verme, L. J., and D. E. Ullrey. 1984. Physiology and nutrition. Pages 91-118 in L. K. Hall, editor. White-tailed deer ecology and management. Stockpole, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA.
58. Wakeling, B. F., and L. C. Bender. 2003. Influence of nutrition on mule deer biology and ecology. Pages 93-116 in J. C. deVos, Jr., M. R. Conover, and N. E. Headrick, editors. Mule deer conservation: issues and management strategies. Jack H. Berryman Institute, Logan, Utah, USA.
59. White, G. C., and R. M. Bartmann. 1997. Mule deer management-what should be monitored? Pages 104-120 in J. C. deVos, Jr., editor. Proceedings of the 1997 deer/elk workshop. Arizona Game and Fish Department, Rio Rico, USA.
60. Zar, J. H. 1996. Biostatistical analysis. Third edition. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, USA.