메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 60, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 324-335

Standardized ecological classification for mesoscale mapping in the southwestern United States

Author keywords

Ecological classification standard; Ecological sites; Gap Analysis Program; Land cover mapping; Terrestrial ecological systems

Indexed keywords

COEXISTENCE; LAND COVER; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM; VEGETATION CLASSIFICATION; VEGETATION MAPPING;

EID: 34249781133     PISSN: 15507424     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2111/1551-5028(2007)60[324:SECFMM]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (13)

References (39)
  • 1
    • 17144455643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York, NY: Springer-Verlag. 204 p
    • BAILEY, R. G. 1996. Ecosystem geography. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag. 204 p.
    • (1996) Ecosystem geography
    • BAILEY, R.G.1
  • 2
    • 85030508322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecoregions map of North America: explanatory note. Washington, DC: USDA Forest Service, Publication No. 1548. 10p, map
    • BAILEY, R. G. 1997. Ecoregions map of North America: explanatory note. Washington, DC: USDA Forest Service, Misc. Publication No. 1548. 10p + map.
    • (1997) Misc
    • BAILEY, R.G.1
  • 4
    • 4344653662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Land management in the American southwest: A state-and-transition approach to ecosystem complexity
    • BESTELMEYER, B., J. E. HERRICK, J. R. BROWN, D. A. TRUJILLO, AND K. M. HAVSTAD. 2004. Land management in the American southwest: a state-and-transition approach to ecosystem complexity. Environmental Management 1:38-51.
    • (2004) Environmental Management , vol.1 , pp. 38-51
    • BESTELMEYER, B.1    HERRICK, J.E.2    BROWN, J.R.3    TRUJILLO, D.A.4    HAVSTAD, K.M.5
  • 5
    • 31344459520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multi-scale classification of vegetation dynamics in arid lands: What is the right scale for models, monitoring, and restoration?
    • BESTELMEYER, B. T., D. A. TRUJILLO, A. J. TUGEL, AND K. M. HAVSTAD. 2006. A multi-scale classification of vegetation dynamics in arid lands: what is the right scale for models, monitoring, and restoration? Journal of Arid Environments 65:296-318.
    • (2006) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.65 , pp. 296-318
    • BESTELMEYER, B.T.1    TRUJILLO, D.A.2    TUGEL, A.J.3    HAVSTAD, K.M.4
  • 6
    • 85030523007 scopus 로고
    • A hydrogeomorphic classification for wetlands. Vicksburg, MS: Department of Defense, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Technical Report WRP-DE-4. 79 p, appendixes
    • BRINSON, M. M. 1993. A hydrogeomorphic classification for wetlands. Vicksburg, MS: Department of Defense, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, NTIS No. AD A270 053. Technical Report WRP-DE-4. 79 p + appendixes.
    • (1993) NTIS No. AD A270 053
    • BRINSON, M.M.1
  • 7
    • 22744441364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State-and-transition models, thresholds, and rangeland health: A synthesis of ecological concepts and perspectives
    • BRISKE, D. D., S. D. FUHLENDORF, AND F. E. SMEINS. 2005. State-and-transition models, thresholds, and rangeland health: a synthesis of ecological concepts and perspectives. Rangeland Ecology and Management 58:1-10.
    • (2005) Rangeland Ecology and Management , vol.58 , pp. 1-10
    • BRISKE, D.D.1    FUHLENDORF, S.D.2    SMEINS, F.E.3
  • 8
    • 33749179214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A unified framework for assessment and applications of ecological thresholds
    • BRISKE, D. D., S. D. FUHLENDORF, AND F. E. SMEWS. 2006. A unified framework for assessment and applications of ecological thresholds. Rangeland Ecology and Management 59:225-236.
    • (2006) Rangeland Ecology and Management , vol.59 , pp. 225-236
    • BRISKE, D.D.1    FUHLENDORF, S.D.2    SMEWS, F.E.3
  • 9
    • 85030512917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CLELAND, D. T., J. A. FREEOUF, J. E. KEYS, G. J. NOWACKI, C. A. CARPENTER, AND W. H. MCN AB. 2005. Ecological subregions: Sections and subsections for the conterminous United States. (A. M. Sloan, technical ed.). Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Presentation scale 1:3,500,000; colored. Also available on CD-ROM consisting of GIS coverage in ArcINFO format.
    • CLELAND, D. T., J. A. FREEOUF, J. E. KEYS, G. J. NOWACKI, C. A. CARPENTER, AND W. H. MCN AB. 2005. Ecological subregions: Sections and subsections for the conterminous United States. (A. M. Sloan, technical ed.). Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Presentation scale 1:3,500,000; colored. Also available on CD-ROM consisting of GIS coverage in ArcINFO format.
  • 10
    • 85030523642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • COMER, P., D. FABER-LANGENDOEN, R. EVANS, S. GAWLER, C. JOSSE, G. KITTEL, S. MENARD, M. PYNE, M. REID, K. SCHULZ, K. SNOW, AND J. TEAGUE. 2003. Ecological systems of the United States: a working classification of U.S. terrestrial systems. Arlington, VA: NatureServe. 75 p. Available at: http://www.natureserve.org/library/ usEcologicalsystems.pdf. Accessed 11 April 2007.
    • COMER, P., D. FABER-LANGENDOEN, R. EVANS, S. GAWLER, C. JOSSE, G. KITTEL, S. MENARD, M. PYNE, M. REID, K. SCHULZ, K. SNOW, AND J. TEAGUE. 2003. Ecological systems of the United States: a working classification of U.S. terrestrial systems. Arlington, VA: NatureServe. 75 p. Available at: http://www.natureserve.org/library/ usEcologicalsystems.pdf. Accessed 11 April 2007.
  • 11
    • 85030507836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • COWARDIN, L. M., V. CARTER, F. C. GOLET, AND E. T. LAROE. 1979. Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States. Washington, DC: US Fish and Wildlife Service, Biological Service Program, FWS/OBS-79/31. 103 p.
    • COWARDIN, L. M., V. CARTER, F. C. GOLET, AND E. T. LAROE. 1979. Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States. Washington, DC: US Fish and Wildlife Service, Biological Service Program, FWS/OBS-79/31. 103 p.
  • 12
    • 0002415138 scopus 로고
    • Quaternary landscape ecology: Relevant scales in space and time
    • DELCOURT, H. R., AND P. A. DELCOURT. 1988. Quaternary landscape ecology: relevant scales in space and time. Landscape Ecology 2:23-44.
    • (1988) Landscape Ecology , vol.2 , pp. 23-44
    • DELCOURT, H.R.1    DELCOURT, P.A.2
  • 13
    • 85030506212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DI GREGORIO, A., AND L. J. M JANSEN. 2000. Land Cover Classification System (LCCS): classification concepts and user manual. Rome: Environment and Natural Resources Service, Africover - East Africa Project and Soil Resources, Management and Conservation Service, GCP/RAF/287/ITA. 179 p, 28 figures, 3 tables, including CD-ROM.
    • DI GREGORIO, A., AND L. J. M JANSEN. 2000. Land Cover Classification System (LCCS): classification concepts and user manual. Rome: Environment and Natural Resources Service, Africover - East Africa Project and Soil Resources, Management and Conservation Service, GCP/RAF/287/ITA. 179 p, 28 figures, 3 tables, including CD-ROM.
  • 14
    • 85030515671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DRAKE, J., AND D. FABER-LANGENDOEN. 1997. An alliance level classification of the vegetation of the midwestern United States. Minneapolis, MN: The Nature Conservancy, Report to the University of Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and National GAP Analysis Program. 397 p.
    • DRAKE, J., AND D. FABER-LANGENDOEN. 1997. An alliance level classification of the vegetation of the midwestern United States. Minneapolis, MN: The Nature Conservancy, Report to the University of Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and National GAP Analysis Program. 397 p.
  • 15
    • 85030522067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ECOMAP. 1993. National hierarchical framework of ecological units. Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Unpublished administrative paper. 20 p. Ecoregions of the United States (map, revised ed.). Scale 1:7 500 000; colored.
    • ECOMAP. 1993. National hierarchical framework of ecological units. Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Unpublished administrative paper. 20 p. Ecoregions of the United States (map, revised ed.). Scale 1:7 500 000; colored.
  • 16
    • 85030514406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EDWARDS, T. C., JR., C. H. HOMER, S. D. BASSETT, A. FALCONER, R. D. RAMSEY, AND D. W. WIGHT. 1995. Utah gap analysis: an environmental information system. Logan, UT: Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Utah State University, Final Project Report 95-1.60 p + appendixes.
    • EDWARDS, T. C., JR., C. H. HOMER, S. D. BASSETT, A. FALCONER, R. D. RAMSEY, AND D. W. WIGHT. 1995. Utah gap analysis: an environmental information system. Logan, UT: Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Utah State University, Final Project Report 95-1.60 p + appendixes.
  • 17
    • 85030511772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A national survey of land cover mapping protocols used in the Gap Analysis Program. Final Report. Available at:, Accessed 11 April 2007
    • EVE, M., AND J. MERCHANT. 1998. A national survey of land cover mapping protocols used in the Gap Analysis Program. Final Report. Available at: http:// www.calmit.unl.edu/gapmap/report.html. Accessed 11 April 2007.
    • (1998)
    • EVE, M.1    MERCHANT, J.2
  • 18
    • 0008170030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FEDERAL GEOGRAPHIC DATA COMMITTEE, 58 p. Available at:, Accessed 11 April
    • [FGDC] FEDERAL GEOGRAPHIC DATA COMMITTEE. 1997. Vegetation classification standard, FGDC-STD-005. 58 p. Available at: http://www.fgdc.gov/standards/ standards_publications/ index_html. Accessed 11 April 2007.
    • (1997) Vegetation classification standard, FGDC-STD-005
  • 19
    • 85030502339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FROST, C. C. 1998. Presettlement fire frequency regimes of the United States: a first approximation. In: T. L. Pruden and L. A. Brennan [EDS.]. Fire in ecosystem management: Shifting the paradigm from suppression to prescription. Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference Proceedings, No. 20. Tallahassee, FL: Tall Timbers Research Station. p 70-81.
    • FROST, C. C. 1998. Presettlement fire frequency regimes of the United States: a first approximation. In: T. L. Pruden and L. A. Brennan [EDS.]. Fire in ecosystem management: Shifting the paradigm from suppression to prescription. Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference Proceedings, No. 20. Tallahassee, FL: Tall Timbers Research Station. p 70-81.
  • 20
    • 85030513978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GROSSMAN, D. H., D. FABER-LANGENDOEN, A. S. WEAKLEY, M. ANDERSON, P. BOURGERON, R. CRAWFORD, K. GOODIN, S. LANDAAL, K. METZLER, K. D. PATTERSON, M. PYNE, M. REID, AND L. SNEDDON. 1998. International classification of ecological communities: Terrestrial vegetation of the United States. I. The national vegetation classification system: Development, status, and applications. Arlington, VA: The Nature Conservancy. 126 p. Available at: http://www.natureserve.org/ library/vol1.pdf. Accessed 11 April 2007.
    • GROSSMAN, D. H., D. FABER-LANGENDOEN, A. S. WEAKLEY, M. ANDERSON, P. BOURGERON, R. CRAWFORD, K. GOODIN, S. LANDAAL, K. METZLER, K. D. PATTERSON, M. PYNE, M. REID, AND L. SNEDDON. 1998. International classification of ecological communities: Terrestrial vegetation of the United States. Volume I. The national vegetation classification system: Development, status, and applications. Arlington, VA: The Nature Conservancy. 126 p. Available at: http://www.natureserve.org/ library/vol1.pdf. Accessed 11 April 2007.
  • 24
    • 85030521571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JENNINGS, M., O. LOUCKS, D. GLENN-L EWIN, R. PEET, D. FABER-LANGENDOEN, D. GROSSMAN, A. DAMMAN, M. BARBOUR, R. PFISTER, M. WALKER, S. TALBOT, J. WALKER, G. HARTSHORN, G. WAGGONER, M. ABRAMS, A. HILL, D. ROBERTS, AND D. TART. 2004. Guidelines for describing associations and alliances of the U.S. National Vegetation Classification. Washington, DC: The Ecological Society of America Vegetation Classification Panel. 142 p.
    • JENNINGS, M., O. LOUCKS, D. GLENN-L EWIN, R. PEET, D. FABER-LANGENDOEN, D. GROSSMAN, A. DAMMAN, M. BARBOUR, R. PFISTER, M. WALKER, S. TALBOT, J. WALKER, G. HARTSHORN, G. WAGGONER, M. ABRAMS, A. HILL, D. ROBERTS, AND D. TART. 2004. Guidelines for describing associations and alliances of the U.S. National Vegetation Classification. Washington, DC: The Ecological Society of America Vegetation Classification Panel. 142 p.
  • 25
    • 85030518443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KUCHLER, A. W. 1988. Ecological vegetation maps and their interpretation. In: A. W. Kuchler and I. S. Zonneveld [EDS.]. Vegetation mapping. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers. p 469-480.
    • KUCHLER, A. W. 1988. Ecological vegetation maps and their interpretation. In: A. W. Kuchler and I. S. Zonneveld [EDS.]. Vegetation mapping. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers. p 469-480.
  • 26
    • 85030512328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KUDRAY, G., AND S. COOPER. 2005. Linking the National Vegetation Classification System to ecological sites in southeastern Montana. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, Natural Resource Information System, Montana State Library, Report to the Bureau of Land Management. 56 p. Available at: http://mtnhp.org/Reports/06_2005_X_Walk_Final. pdf. Accessed 11 April 2007.
    • KUDRAY, G., AND S. COOPER. 2005. Linking the National Vegetation Classification System to ecological sites in southeastern Montana. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, Natural Resource Information System, Montana State Library, Report to the Bureau of Land Management. 56 p. Available at: http://mtnhp.org/Reports/06_2005_X_Walk_Final. pdf. Accessed 11 April 2007.
  • 27
    • 85030499087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LOWRY JOHN, H., JR., R. D. RAMSEY, K. BOYKIN, D. BRADFORD, P. COMER, S. FALZARANO, W. KEPNER, J. KIRBY, L. LANGS, J. PRIOR-MAGEE, G. MANIS, L. O'BRIEN, K. POHS, W. RIETH, T. SAJWAJ, S. SCHRADER, K. A. THOMAS, D. SCHRUPP, K. SCHULZ, B. THOMPSON, C. WALLACE, C. VELASQUEZ, E. WALLER, AND B. WOLK. 2005. Southwest Regional Gap Analysis Project: final report on land cover mapping methods. Logan, UT: RS/GIS Laboratory, Utah State University. 50 p. Available at: http:// earth.gis.usu.edu/swgap/ swregap_landcover_report.pdf. Accessed 11 April 2007.
    • LOWRY JOHN, H., JR., R. D. RAMSEY, K. BOYKIN, D. BRADFORD, P. COMER, S. FALZARANO, W. KEPNER, J. KIRBY, L. LANGS, J. PRIOR-MAGEE, G. MANIS, L. O'BRIEN, K. POHS, W. RIETH, T. SAJWAJ, S. SCHRADER, K. A. THOMAS, D. SCHRUPP, K. SCHULZ, B. THOMPSON, C. WALLACE, C. VELASQUEZ, E. WALLER, AND B. WOLK. 2005. Southwest Regional Gap Analysis Project: final report on land cover mapping methods. Logan, UT: RS/GIS Laboratory, Utah State University. 50 p. Available at: http:// earth.gis.usu.edu/swgap/ swregap_landcover_report.pdf. Accessed 11 April 2007.
  • 28
    • 85030499464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MCNAB, W. H., AND P. E. AVERS [COMPS]. 1994. Ecological subregions of the United States: section descriptions. Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 267 p. Administrative Publication WO-WSA-5.
    • MCNAB, W. H., AND P. E. AVERS [COMPS]. 1994. Ecological subregions of the United States: section descriptions. Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 267 p. Administrative Publication WO-WSA-5.
  • 32
    • 0035181573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OLSON, D. M., E. DINERSTEIN, E. D. W IKRAMANAYAKE, N. D. BURGESS, G. V. N. POWELL, E. C. UNDERWOOD, J. A. D'AMICO, I. ITOUA, H. E. STRAND, J. C. MORRISON, C. J. LOUKES, T. F. ALLNUTT, T. H. RICKETTS, Y. KURA, J. F. LAMOREUX, W. W. WETTENGEL, P. HEDAO, AND K. R. KASSEM. 2001. Terrestrial ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on earth. Bioscience 11:933-938.
    • OLSON, D. M., E. DINERSTEIN, E. D. W IKRAMANAYAKE, N. D. BURGESS, G. V. N. POWELL, E. C. UNDERWOOD, J. A. D'AMICO, I. ITOUA, H. E. STRAND, J. C. MORRISON, C. J. LOUKES, T. F. ALLNUTT, T. H. RICKETTS, Y. KURA, J. F. LAMOREUX, W. W. WETTENGEL, P. HEDAO, AND K. R. KASSEM. 2001. Terrestrial ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on earth. Bioscience 11:933-938.
  • 33
    • 85030503258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • REID, M. S., K. A. SCHULZ, P. J. COMER, M. R. SCHINDEL, D. J. CULVER, D. A. SARR, AND M. C. DAMM. 1999. An alliance level classification of vegetation of the coterminous western United States. Boulder, CO: The Nature Conservancy. 1 460 p. Report and CD to the Gap Analysis Program.
    • REID, M. S., K. A. SCHULZ, P. J. COMER, M. R. SCHINDEL, D. J. CULVER, D. A. SARR, AND M. C. DAMM. 1999. An alliance level classification of vegetation of the coterminous western United States. Boulder, CO: The Nature Conservancy. 1 460 p. Report and CD to the Gap Analysis Program.
  • 34
    • 0031402232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Syntaxonomical synopsis of the potential natural communities of North America
    • RIVAS-MARTINEZ, S. 1997. Syntaxonomical synopsis of the potential natural communities of North America. Itinera Geobotanica 10:5-148.
    • (1997) Itinera Geobotanica , vol.10 , pp. 5-148
    • RIVAS-MARTINEZ, S.1
  • 36
    • 85030519746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TAKHTAJAN, A. 1986. Floristic regions of the world. Transl. by T. J. Crovello and ed. by A. Cronquist. Berkley, CA: University of California Press. 522 p.
    • TAKHTAJAN, A. 1986. Floristic regions of the world. Transl. by T. J. Crovello and ed. by A. Cronquist. Berkley, CA: University of California Press. 522 p.
  • 37
    • 85030509642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [USDA, NRCS] US DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE. 2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States, the Caribbean, and Pacific Basin. USDA Handbook 296. 663 p. Available at: http://soils.usda.gov/survey/geography/mlra/index.html. Accessed 11 April 2007.
    • [USDA, NRCS] US DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE. 2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States, the Caribbean, and Pacific Basin. USDA Handbook 296. 663 p. Available at: http://soils.usda.gov/survey/geography/mlra/index.html. Accessed 11 April 2007.
  • 38
    • 85030508779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WEAKLEY, A. S., K. D. PATTERSON, S. LANDAAL, AND M. PYNE [COMPS]. 1998. International classification of ecological communities: terrestrial vegetation of the southeastern United States. Working draft of March 1998. Chapel Hill, NC: The Nature Conservancy, Southeast Regional Office, Southern Conservation Science Department, Community Ecology Group. 689 p.
    • WEAKLEY, A. S., K. D. PATTERSON, S. LANDAAL, AND M. PYNE [COMPS]. 1998. International classification of ecological communities: terrestrial vegetation of the southeastern United States. Working draft of March 1998. Chapel Hill, NC: The Nature Conservancy, Southeast Regional Office, Southern Conservation Science Department, Community Ecology Group. 689 p.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.