'Semen contains vitality and heredity, not germs': Seminal discourse in the AIDS era

Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition

Volumn 24, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 426-437

  Islam Khan, Sharful ^a   Hudson Rodd, Nancy ^b   Saggers, Sherry ^b   Islam Bhuiyan, Mahbubul ^a   Bhuiya, Abbas ^a   Afzalul Karim, Syed ^c   Rauyajin, Oratai ^d  

^a ICDDRB Public Health Sciences Division   (Bangladesh)

^b EDITH COWAN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^c DHAKA MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL   (Bangladesh)

^d MAHIDOL UNIVERSITY   (Thailand)

Author keywords

AIDS; Bangladesh; Semen loss; Sexual health; Sexuality; Sexually transmitted infections: Human immunodeficiency virus

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; BANGLADESH; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; SEXUALITY; SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE; SPERM;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; BANGLADESH; HEALTH KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, PRACTICE; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; MALE; MEN; MIDDLE AGED; SEMEN; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; SEXUALITY; SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES;

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS;

EID: 34249688258     PISSN: 16060997     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Collumbien M, Hawkes S. Missing men's messages: does the reproductive health approach respond to men's sexual health needs? Cutl Health Sex 2000;2:135-50.
2. Lakhani A, Gandhi K, Collumbien M. Addressing semen loss concerns: towards culturally appropriate HIV/AIDS interventions in Gujarat, India. Reprod Health Matters 2001;9:49-59.
3. Philaretou AG, Allen KR. Macro and micro dynamics of male sexual anxiety: theory and intervention. Int J Men's Stud 2003;2:183-200.
4. Verma RK, Rangaiyan KG, Singh R, Sharma S, Pelto PJ. A study of male sexual health problems in a Mumbai slum population. Cult Health Sex 2001;3:339-52.
5. Verma RK, Sharma S, Rangaiyan KG, Singh I, Pelto PJ. Beliefs concerning sexual health problems and treatment seeking among men in an Indian slum community. Cult Health Sex 2003;3:165-73.
6. Bhatia MS, Choudhary S. Dhat symptoms: a culture-bound sex neurosis. Indian J Med Sci 1998;52:30-5.
7. Bhatia MS, Malik SC. Dhat syndrome - a useful diagnostic entity in Indian culture. Br J Psychiatr 1991;159:691-5.
8. Pelto PJ. Sexuality and sexual behaviors: the current discourse. In: Pachauri S, editor. Implementing a reproductive health agenda in India: the beginning. New Delhi: Population Council, 1999:551-99.
9. Verma KK, Khaitan BK, Singh OP. The frequency of sexual dysfunctions in patients attending a sex therapy clinic in North India. Arch Sex Behav 1998;27:309-14.
10. Spector IP, Carey MP. Incidence and prevalence of sexual dysfunctions: a critical review of the empirical literature. Arch Sex Behav 1990;19:389-408.
11. Rowland DL, Cooper SE, Slob AK, Houtsmuller EJ. The study of ejaculatory response in men in the psychophysiological laboratory. J Sex Res 1997;34:161-6.
12. Rowland DL, Cooper SE, Slob AK. The treatment of premature ejaculation: psychological and biological strategies. Drugs today 1998;34:879-99.
13. Manjula M, Prasadarao PSDV, Kumaraiah V, Mishra H, Raguram. R. Sexual dysfunction in single males: a perspective from India. J Clin Psychol 2003;59:701-13.
14. Hawkes S. Why include men? Establishing sexual health clinics for men in rural Bangladesh. Health Policy Plan 1998;13:121-30.
15. Bottero A. Consumption by semen loss in India and elsewhere. Cult Med Psychiatty 1991; 15:303-20.
16. Chadda RK, Ahuja N. Dhat syndrome. A sex neurosis of the Indian subcontinent. Br J Psychiatr 1990;156:577-79.
17. De Silva P, Dissanayake SAW. The semen loss syndrome in Sri Lanka: a clinical study. Sex Marital Therap 1989;4:195-204.
18. Dewaraja R, Sasald Y. Semen-loss syndrome: a comparison between Sri Lanka and Japan. Am J Psychother 1991;45:14-20.
19. Edwards JW. Semen anxiety in South Asian cultures: cultural and trans cultural significance. Med Anthropol 1983;7:51-67.
20. Money J, Prakasam KS, Joshi VN. Semen-conservation doctrine from ancient ayurvedic to modem sexology theory. Am J Psychother 1991;45:9-13.
21. Mumford DB. The 'dhat syndrome': a culturally determined symptom of depression? Acta Psychiatr Scand 1996;94:163-7.
22. Paris A. Dhat syndrome: a review. Transcult Psychiatr Rev 1992;29:109-18.
23. Hawkes S, Morison L, Foster S, Gausia K, Chakraborty J, Peeling RW et al. Reproductive-tract infections in women in low-income, low-prevalence situations: assessment of syndromic management in Matlab, Bangladesh. Lancet 1999;354:1776-81.
24. World Health Organization. The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: clinical description and diagnostic guideline. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1992. 362 p.
25. Yap PM. The culture bound syndromes. In: Cahil W, Lin TY, editors. Mental health research in Asia and the Pacific. Honolulu: East-West Centre Press, 1969:33-53.
26. Herdt GH. Semen depletion and the sense of maleness. In: HeTdt G, editor. Sambia sexual culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999:163-85.
27. Herdt GH. Guardian of the flutes: idioms of masculinity. New York, NY. McGraw-Hill, 1981. 315 p.
28. Nag M. Sexual behaviour and AIDS in India. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House, 1996. 176 p.
29. Nakra B, Wig NN, Verma VK. A study of male potency disorders. Indian J Psychiatr 1977; 19:13-8.
30. Singh G. Dhat syndrome revisited. Indian J Clin Psychiatr 1985;27:119-22.
31. Bang R, Bang A. Perceptions of white vaginal discharge. In: Gittelsohn J, Bentley M, Pelto P, Nag M, Pachauri S, Harrison A, Landman-L, editors. Listening to women talk about their health. New Delhi: Har-Anand Publications, 1994:79-94.
32. Kuo W, Kleinman A. Social origins of distress and disease: depression, neurasthimia, and pain in modern China. Contemp Socioogl 1989; 18:128-9.
33. Lambert H. Methods and meanings in anthropological, epidemiological and clinical encounters: the case of sexually transmitted disease and human immunodeficiency virus control and prevention in India. Trop Med Int Health 1998;3:1002-10.
34. Lock M. Cultivating the body: anthropology and epistemologies of bodily practice and knowledge. Annu Rev Anthropol 1993;22:133-55.
35. Low SM. Culturally interpreted symptoms or culture-bound syndromes: a cross-cultural review of nerves. Soc Sci Med 1985;21:187-97.
36. Trollope-Kumar K. Cultural and biomedical meanings of the complaint of leukorrhea in South Asian women. Trop Med Int Health 2001;6:260-6.
37. Kakar S. Shamans, mystics and doctors: a psychological inquiry into India and its healing traditions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982. 306 p.
38. Lopez KA, Wills DG. Descriptive versus interpretive phenomenology: their contributions to nursing knowledge. Qual Health Res 2004; 14:726-35.
39. Moustakas CE. Phenomenological research methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1994. 208 p.
40. Patton MQ. Qualitative research and evaluation methods. 3d ed. London: Sage Publications, 2002. 688 p.
41. Bernard RH. Research methods in anthropology: quantitative and qualitative approaches. 2d ed. Walnut Creek: Sage Publications, 1994. 824 p.
42. Waldbay C, Kippax S, Crawford J. (research note): heterosexual men and 'safe sex' practice. Sociol Health Illn 1993; 15:246-56.
43. Ezzy D. Qualitative analysis: practices and innovation. Sydney: Allen & Unwin, 2002. 208 p.
44. Maykut P, Morehouse R. Beginning qualitative research: a philosophic and practical guide. London: Falmer Press, 1994. 212 p.
45. Creswell JW. Qualitative inquiry and research design: choosing among five traditions. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 1998. 403 p.
46. Singh GD, Avasthi A, Pravin D. Dhat syndrome in a female: a case report. Indian J Psychiatr 2001;4:345-8.
47. Trollope-Kumar K. Symptoms of reproductive-tract infection-not all that they seem to be. Lancet 1999;354:1745-6.
48. Ross JL, Laston SL, Pelto PJ, Muna L. Exploring explanatory models ofwomen's reproductive health in rural Bangladesh. Cult Health Sex 2002;4:173-90.
49. Nichter M. Idioms of distress: alternatives in the expression of psychosocial distress: a case study from South India. Cult Med Psychiatr 1981;5:379-408.
50. Patel V, Oomman N. Mental health matters too: gynaecological symptoms and depression in South Asia. Reprod Health Matters 1999;7:30-9.
51. Chowdhury AN. Psychopathosexuality in Koro patients. J Indian Acad Appl Psychol 1992;18:57-60.
52. Buchbinder D. Performance anxieties: reproducing masculinity. St. Leonards, NSW: Allen & Unwin, 1998. 21 Op.
53. Giddens A. The transformation of intimacy: sexuality, love and eroticism in modem societies. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992. 212 p.
54. Khan SI. Male sexuality and masculinity: implications for STIs/HIV and sexual health interventions in Bangladesh. Perth: School of International, Cultural and Community Studies, Edith Cowan University, 2004. 207 p. (PhD thesis).
55. Aggleton P. Men, masculinity and sex. In: Anjali M, editor. Perspectives on culturally-based concepts of male semen loss: a key to prevention of STIs/HIV. Gujarat: Pooja Art Printers, 2002:31-8.
56. Kleinman A. Patients and healers in the context of culture: an exploration of the borderland between anthropology, medicine and psychiatry. Berkely: University of California Press, 1980. 427 p.
57. Ghosh JC. Griho chikitsha. Shadhana Oushadhalai. Dhaka: Shadhana Press, 1371 (Bangla year). 208 p.
58. Kakar S. The Indian psyche: intimate relations, the analyst and the mystic. New Delhi: Viking Penguin India, 1996. 412 p.
59. Tissot SA. A treatise on the diseases produced by Onanism. In: Rosenberg C, Smith-Rosenberg C, editors. The secret vice exposed! Some arguments against masturbation. New York, N-Y. ARNO Press, 1974:26-105.
60. King BM. Human sexuality today. 5th ed. New Jersey, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2004. 576 p.
61. Arafat S, Islam AH, Haque AHMA, Ahmed S. Clinical services for males who have sex with males (MSM) in Dhaka city: experience for implication. (abstract). In: Abstract book of the 5th International Congress on AIDS in Asia and the Pacific, 20-27 October 1999, Kuala Lumpur. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian AIDS Council, 1999:448.
62. World Health Organization. Management of patients with sexually transmitted diseases: report of a WHO Study Group. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1991. 103 p. (WHO technical report no. 810).
63. Chowdhury SNM, Bhuiyan I, Huda SN, Faisel AJ. Opportunities for integration of RTI/STD services into FP-MCH programs. Dhaka: Strengthening Population Policy and Research Capacity Project, Population Council, 1997:33-40.
64. Foreman M. AIDS and men: old problem, new angle. London: Panos Institute, 1998. 29 p. (Panos HIV/AIDS briefing no. 6).