The August 2002 earthquake sequence in north Afar: Insights into the neotectonics of the Danakil microplate

Journal of African Earth Sciences

Volumn 48, Issue 2-3, 2007, Pages 70-79

  Ayele, Atalay ^a   Stuart, Graham ^b   Bastow, Ian ^b   Keir, Derek ^c  

^a ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY   (Ethiopia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Afar; b Value; Danakil microplate; Fault plane solutions; Seismicity

Indexed keywords

EARTHQUAKE EVENT; EARTHQUAKE MAGNITUDE; FAULTING; MICROPLATE; NEOTECTONICS; SEISMIC HAZARD; SEISMICITY;

AFAR; AFRICA; EAST AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA;

EID: 34249684874     PISSN: 08995362     EISSN: 1464343X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2006.06.011     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Acton G.D., and Stein S. Block rotation and continental extension in Afar: a comparison to oceanic microplate systems. Tectonics 10 3 (1991) 501-526
2. Aki K. Maximum Likelihood Estimate of b in the Formula log N = a - bM and Its Confidence Limits (1965), Bulletin Earthquake Research Institute, Tokyo University pp. 237-239
3. Amelung F., Oppenheimer C., Segall P., and Zebker H. Ground deformation near Gada 'Ale Volcano, Afar, observed by radar interferometry. Geophysical Research Letters 27 19 (2000) 3093-3096
4. Ammon C.J., Herrmann R.B., Langston C.A., and Benz H. Faulting parameters of the January 16, 1994 Wyomissing Hills, Pennsylvania earthquakes. Seismological Research Letters 69 3 (1998) 261-269
5. Ayele, A., 1995. Earthquake catalogue of the horn of Africa for the period 1960-1993. Seismological Department, Uppsala University, Report 3-95, pp. 1-9.
6. Ayele A., Nyblade A.A., Langston C.A., Cara M., and Leveque J.-J. New evidence for Afro-Arabian plate separation in south Afar. In: Yirgu G., Ebinger C.J., and Maguire P.K.H. (Eds). The Afar Volcanic Province in the East African Rift System vol. 256 (2006), Geological Society, London 133-141 (Special Publications)
7. Barberi F., Borsi S., Ferarra G., Marinelli G., Santacroce R., Tazieff H., and Varet J. Evolution of the Danakil Depression (Afar, Ethiopia) in light of radiometric age determinations. Journal of Geology 80 (1972) 720-729
8. Barberi, F., Ferrara, G., Santacroce, R., Varet J., 1975. Structural evolution of the Afar triple junction. In: Pilger, A., Rosler, A. (Eds.), Afar Depression of Ethiopia. Schweitzerbart, Stuttgart, pp. 38-54.
9. Bilham R., Bendick R., Larson K., Mohr P., Braun J., Tesfaye S., and Asfaw L. Secular and tidal strain across the main Ethiopian rift. Geophysical Research Letters 26 18 (1999) 2789-2792
10. Boccaletti M., Mammo T., Bonini M., and Abebe B. Seismotectonics of the East African rift system: evidence of active oblique rifting. Annales Tectonicae 8 (1994) 87-99
11. Boccaletti M., Bonini M., Mazzuoli R., Abebe B., Piccardi L., and Tortorici L. Quaternary oblique extensional tectonics in the Ethiopian rift (Horn of Africa). Tectonophysics 287 (1998) 97-116
12. Braunmiller J., and Nabelek J. The 1989 Ethiopia earthquake sequence. EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 71 (1990) 1480
13. Chu D., and Gordon R.G. Current plate motions across the Red Sea. Geophysical Journal International 135 (1998) 313-328
14. Cochran J.R. The Gulf of Aden: structure and evolution of a young ocean basin and continental margin. Journal of Geophysical Research 86 b1 (1981) 263-287
15. Courtillot V. Opening of the Gulf of Aden and Afar by progressive tearing. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 21 (1980) 343-350
16. Courtillot V. Propagating rifts and continental breakup. Tectonics 1 (1982) 239-256
17. Daly, E., Keir, D., Ebinger, C.J., Stuart, G.W., Bastow, I.D., Ayele, A., Crustal tomographic imaging of a transitional continental rift: The Ethiopian rift, in Geophysical Journal International, Volume 172, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 1033-104, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03682.x.
18. Dauteuil O., Huchon P., Quemeneur F., and Souriot T. Propagation of an oblique rift: the western Gulf of Aden. Tectonophysics 332 (2001) 423-442
19. Eagles G., Gloaguen R., and Ebinger C. Kinematics of the Danakil microplate. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 203 (2002) 607-620
20. Ebinger C.J., and Hayward N.J. Soft plates and hot spots: views from Afar. Journal of Geophysical Research 101 B10 (1996) 21859-21876
21. Ebinger C., and Sleep N.H. Cenozoic magmatism in central and east Africa resulting from impact of one large plume. Nature 395 (1998) 788-791
22. Foster A.N., and Jackson J.A. Source parameters of large African earthquakes: implications for crustal rheology and regional kinematics. Geophysical Journal International 134 (1998) 422-448
23. Ghebreab W., and Solomon S. Recent formation of graben-in-graben structure at Bada of northern Dankalia, Eritrea. Geocience and Development 1 (1994) 16-18
24. Hofstetter R., and Beyth M. The Afar Depression: interpretation of the 1960-2000 earthquakes. Geophysical Journal International 155 (2003) 715-732
25. Huchon P., and Khanbari K. Rotation of the syn-rift stress field of the northern Gulf of Aden margin, Yemen. Tectonophysics 364 (2003) 147-166
26. Joffe S., and Garfunkel Z. Plate kinematics of the circum Red Sea-a re-evaluation. Tectonophysics 141 (1978) 5-22
27. Kebede F., Kim W.-Y., and Kulhanek O. Dynamic source parameters of the March-May 1969 Serdo earthquake sequence in central Afar, Ethiopia, deduced from teleseismic body waves. Journal of Geophysical Research 94 (1989) 5603-5614
28. Keir D., Ebinger C., Stuart G., Daly E., and Ayele A. Strain accommodation by magmatism and faulting as rifting proceeds to breakup: Seismicity of the northern Ethiopian rift. Journal of Geophysical Research 111 (2006) B05314 10.1029/2005JB003748
29. Kennett B.L.N. Seismic wave propagation in stratified media (1983), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England 342 pp
30. Keranen K., Klemperer S.L., Gloaguen R., and EAGLE working group. Three-dimensional seismic imaging of a protoridge axis in the Main Ethiopian rift. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 32 11 (2004) 949-952
31. Klein, F.W., 2002. User's Guide to Hypoinverse-2000, a Fortran program to solve for earthquake locations and magnitudes. USGS Open File Report, 02-171, pp. 1-171.
32. Langston C.A. Source inversion of seismic waveforms: the Koyna, India, earthquakes of 13 September, 1967. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 71 (1981) 1-24
33. Langston C.A., Brazier R., Nyblade A.A., and Owens T.J. Local magnitude scale and seismicity rate for Tanzania, East Africa. Bulletin of the Seismological Society America 88 3 (1998) 712-721
34. Manighetti I., Tapponnier P., Courtillot V., Gruszow S., and Gillot P.-G. Propagation of rifting along the Arabia-Somalia plate boundary: the Gulfs of Aden and Tadjoura. Journal of Geophysical Research 102 (1997) 2681-2710
35. Manighetti I., Tapponnier P., Gillot P.-G., Courtillot V., Jacques E., Ruegg J.C., and King G. Propagation of rifting along the Arabia-Somalia plate boundary: into Afar. Journal of Geophysical Research 103 (1998) 4947-4974
36. Manighetti I., Tapponnier P., Gillot P.-G., Courtillot V., and Gallet Y. Strain transfer between disconnected, propagating rifts in Afar. Journal of Geophysical Research 106 B7 (2001) 13613-13665
37. Mckenzie D.P., Davies D., and Molnar P. Plate tectonics of the Red Sea and East Africa. Nature 226 (1970) 243-248
38. Müller R.D., Gaina C., Roest W., and Hansen D.L. A recipe for microcontinent formation. Geology 29 (2001) 203-206
39. Randall G.E. Efficient calculation of complete differential seismograms for laterally homogeneous earth models. Geophysical Journal International 118 (1994) 245-254
40. Scholz C. The frequency-magnitude relation of microfracturing in rocks and its relation to earthquakes. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 58 1 (1968) 399-415
41. Shudofsky G.N. Source mechanisms and focal depths of East African earthquakes using Rayleigh-wave inversion and body-wave modeling. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 83 (1985) 563-614
42. Vink G.E., Morgan W.J., and Zhao W.L. Preferential rifting of continents: a source of displaced terranes. Journal of Geophysical Research 89 (1984) 10072-10076
43. Wagner G.S., and Langston C.A. East African earthquake body wave inversion with implications for continental structure and deformation. Geophysical Journal 94 (1988) 503-518
44. Waldhauser F., and Ellsworth W.L. A double-difference earthquake locationalgorithm: method and application to the northern Hayward fault, California. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 80 (2000) 1368-1548
45. White R., and McKenzie D. Magmatism at rift zones: the generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts. Journal of Geophysical Research 94 B6 (1989) 7685-7729
46. Wolfenden E., Ebinger C.J., Yirgu G., Deino A., and Ayalew D. Evolution of the northern Main Ethiopian rift: birth of a triple junction. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 224 (2004) 213-228