Perforator-sparing transposition flaps for lower limb defects: Anatomic study and clinical application

Annals of Plastic Surgery

Volumn 58, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 614-621

  Wong, Chin Ho ^a   Tan, Bien Keem ^a  

^a SINGAPORE GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Singapore)

Author keywords

Augment; Improved; Leg; Local flap; Lower limb; Novel; Perforator based; Perfusion; Reconstruction; Vascularity

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ANKLE; ARTICLE; CADAVER; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FASCIOCUTANEOUS FLAP; FEASIBILITY STUDY; HUMAN; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; KNEE; LEG INJURY; LIMB DEFECT; MALE; PERFORATOR FLAP; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SKIN TRANSPOSITION FLAP; SURGICAL ANATOMY; TENDON; TENSION; VASCULARIZATION; WOUND CLOSURE;

ADULT; AGED; FASCIA; FEASIBILITY STUDIES; HUMANS; LOWER EXTREMITY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGICAL PROCEDURES; SKIN TRANSPLANTATION; SURGICAL FLAPS; WOUND HEALING;

EID: 34249339442     PISSN: 01487043     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.sap.0000250839.37161.ce     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Ger R. Muscle transposition for treatment and prevention of chronic post-traumatic osteomyelitis of the tibia. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1977;59:784-791.
2. Anthony JP, Mathes SJ, Alpert BS. The muscle flap in the treatment of chronic lower extremity osteomyelitis: results in patients over 5 years after treatment. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1991;88:311-318.
3. Chang M, Mathes SJ. Comparison of the effect of bacterial inoculation in musculocutaneous and random-pattern flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1982;70:1-9.
4. Guzman Stein G, Fix RJ, Vasconez LO. Muscle flap coverage for the lower extremity. Clin Plast Surg. 1991;18:545.
5. Yaremchuk MJ. Acute management of severe soft-tissue damage accompanying open fractures of the lower extremity. Clin Plast Surg. 1986;13:621-632.
6. Francel TJ, Kolk CAV, Hoopes JE, et al. Microvascular soft-tissue transplantation for reconstruction of acute open tibial fractures: timing of coverage and long-term functional results. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1992;89:478.
7. Bostwick J, Nahai F, Wallace JG, et al. Sixty latissimus dorsi flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1979;63:31.
8. Bunkis J, Walton RL, Mathes SJ. The rectus abdominis free flap for lower extremity reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg. 1983;11:373.
9. Mathes SJ, Alpert BS, Chang N. Use of the muscle flap in chronic osteomyelitis: experimental and clinical correlation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1982;69:815.
10. Gosain A, Chang N, Mathes S, et al. A study of the relationship between blood flow and bacterial inoculation in musculocutaneous and fasciocutaneous flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1990;86:1152.
11. Zweifel-Schlatter M, Haug M, Schaefer DJ, et al. Free fasciocutaneous flaps in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the tibia: a retrospective study. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2006;22:41-47.
12. Vogt PM, Boorboor P, Vaske B, et al. Significant angiogenic potential is present in the microenvironment of muscle flaps in humans. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2005;21:517-523.
13. Guerra AB, Gill PS, Trahan CG, et al. Comparison of bacterial inoculation and transcutaneous oxygen tension in the rabbit S1 perforator and latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flaps. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2005;21:137-143.
14. Weinzweig N, Davies BW. Foot and ankle reconstruction using the radial forearm flap: a review of 25 cases. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1998;102:1999.
15. Chen D, Jupiter JB, Lipton HA, et al. The parascapular flap for treatment of lower extremity disorders. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1989;84:108-116.
16. Wyble EJ, Yakuboff KP, Clark RG, et al. Use of free fasciocutaneous and muscle flaps for reconstruction of the foot. Ann Plast Surg. 1990;24:101.
17. Colen LB, Pessa JE, Potparic Z, et al. Reconstruction of the extremity with the dorsal thoracic fascia free flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1998;101:738.
18. Kuo YR, Jeng SF, Kuo MH, et al. Free anterolateral thigh flap for extremity reconstruction: clinical experience and functional assessment of donor site. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2001;107:1766.
19. Yazar S, Lin CH, Lin YT, et al. Outcome comparison between free muscle and free fasciocutaneous flaps for reconstruction of distal third and ankle traumatic open tibial fractures. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006;117:2468-2475.
20. Arnold PG, Yugueros P, Hanssen AD. Muscle flaps in osteomyelitis of the lower extremity: a 20-year account. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999;104:107.
21. Blume PA, Paragas LK, Sumpio BE, et al. Single-stage surgical treatment of noninfected diabetic foot ulcers. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2002;109:601.
22. Musharafieh R, Atiyeh B, Macari G, et al. Radial forearm fasciocutaneous free tissue transfer in ankle and foot reconstruction: review of 17 cases. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2001;17:147.
23. Van Landuyt K, Blondeel P, Hamdi M, et al. The versatile DIEP flap: its use in lower extremity reconstruction. Br J Plast Surg. 2005;58:2.
24. Chen SL, Chen TM, Wang HJ. Free thoracodorsal artery perforator flap in extremity reconstruction: 12 cases. Br J Plast Surg. 2004;57:525.
25. Verhelle NAC, Vranckx JJ, Van den Hof B, et al. Bone exposure in the leg: is a free muscle flap necessary? Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005;116:170-177.
26. Tan BK, Ng RT, Tay NS, et al. Tissue microangiography using a simplified barium sulphate cadaver injection technique. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1999;28:152-154.
27. Ponten B. The fasciocutaneous flap: its use in soft tissue defects of the lower leg. Br J Plast Surg. 1981;34:215-220.
28. Wei FC, Jain V, Celik N, et al. Have we found an ideal soft tissue flap? An experience with 672 anterolateral thigh flaps? Plast Reconstr Surg. 2002;109:2219.
29. Hallock GG. Direct and indirect perforator flaps: the history and the controversy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003;111:855-866.
30. Nakajima H, Imanishi N, Fukuzumi S, et al. Accompanying arteries of the cutaneous veins and cutaneous nerves in the extremities: anatomical study and a concept of the venoadipofascial and/or neuroadipofascial pedicled fasciocutaneous flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1998;102:779.
31. Kamath BJ, Joshua TV, Pramod S. Perforator based flap coverage from the anterior and lateral compartment of the leg for medium sized traumatic pretibial soft tissue defects: a simple solution for a complex problem. J Plast Reconstr Surg Aesthet Surg. 2006;59:515-520.
32. Venkataramakrishnan V, Mohan D, Villefane O. Perforator based V-Y advancement flaps in the leg. Br J Plast Surg. 1998;51:431.
33. Niranjan NS, Price RD, Golvilkar P. Fascial feeder and perforator based V-Y advancement flaps in the reconstruction of lower limb defects. Br J Plast Surg. 2000;53:679.
34. Wong CH, Tan BK, Song C. The perforator-sparing buttock rotation flap for coverage of pressure sores. Plast Reconstr Surg. In press.