Fecal nitrogen as an index of dietary nitrogen in two sika deer Cervus nippon populations

Acta Theriologica

Volumn 52, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 119-128

  Ueno, Mayumi ^a   Nishimura, Chiho ^a   Takahashi, Hiroshi ^b   Kaji, Koichi ^c   Saitoh, Takashi ^a  

^a HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b FORESTRY AND FOREST PRODUCTS RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Japan)

^c TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Browse; Diet composition; Dietary nitrogen; Fecal nitrogen; Regression; Rumen contents

Indexed keywords

DEER; DIET; FECES; NITROGEN; PASTURE;

ASIA; EURASIA; FAR EAST; HOKKAIDO; JAPAN; NAKANOSHIMA; NISHIOKOPPE;

CERVIDAE; CERVUS NIPPON; UNGULATA;

EID: 34249289005     PISSN: 00017051     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF03194207     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Arman P., Hopcraft D. and McDonald I. 1975. Nutritional studies on East African herbivores. British Journal of Nutrition 33: 265-276.
2. Asada M. and Ochiai K. 1996. Food habits of sika deer on the Boso Peninsula, central Japan. Ecological Research 11: 89-95.
3. Asada M. and Ochiai K. 1999. Nitrogen content in feces and the diet of sika deer on the Boso Peninsula, central Japan. Ecological Research 14: 249-253.
4. Beier P. 1987. Sex differences in quality of white-tailed deer diets. Journal of Mammalogy 68: 323-329.
5. Campos-Arceiz A. and Takatsuki S. 2005. Food habits of sika deer in the Shiranuka Hills, eastern Hokkaido: a northern example from the north-south variations in food habits in sika deer. Ecological Research 20: 129-133.
6. Cook R. C., Murray D. L., Cook J. G., Zager P. and Monfort S. L. 2001. Nutritional influences on breeding dynamics in elk. Canadian Journal of Zoology 79: 845-853.
7. Hobbs N. T. 1987. Fecal indices to dietary quality: a critique. The Journal of Wildlife Management 51: 317-320.
8. Hodgman T. P. and Bowyer R. T. 1986. Fecal crude protein relative to browsing intensity by white-tailed deer on wintering areas in Maine. Acta Theriologica 31: 347-353.
9. Hodgman T. P., Davitt B. B. and Nelson J. R. 1996. Monitoring mule deer diet quality and intake with fecal indices. The Journal of Range Management 49: 215-222.
10. Holechek J. L., Vavra M. and Arthun D. 1982. Relationships between performance, intake, diet nutritive quality and fecal nutritive quality of cattle on mountain range. The Journal of Range Management 35: 741-744.
11. Kaji K. 2001. [Population dynamics and population characteristics of sika deer on Nakanoshima Island, Lake Toya]. [In: Study on conservation and management of sika deer in Hokkaido, 1996-2000. K. Kaji, ed]. Hokkaido Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hokkaido, Japan: 9-17. [In Japanese]
12. Kaji K., Koizumi T. and Ohtaishi N. 1988. Effects of resources limitation on the physical and reproductive condition of sika deer on Nakanoshima Island, Hokkaido. Acta Theriologica 33: 187-208.
13. Kay R. N. B. 1985. Body size, patterns of growth and efficiency of production in red deer. [In: Biology of deer production. P. F. Fennessy and K. R. Drew, eds]. Proceedings of an International Conference of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Bulletin 22: 411-421.
14. Klein D. R. 1962. Rumen contents analysis as an index to range quality. Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference 27: 150-164.
15. Klein D. R. 1968. The introduction, increase, and crash of reindeer on St. Matthew Island. The Journal of Wildlife Management 32: 350-367.
16. Klein D.R. and Schønheyder F. 1970. Variation in ruminal nitrogen levels among some cervidae. Canadian Journal of Zoology 48: 1437-1442.
17. Kunishige K. and Tokari T. 2003. Seasonal variation in food intake, dry matter digestibility and digestive tract retention time of Timothy hay feeding in yeso sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) and sheep. Bulletin of the Hokkaido Animal Research Center 25: 31-36. [In Japanese with English summary]
18. Latham J., Staines B. W. and Gorman M. L. 1999. Comparative feeding ecology of red (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Scottish plantation forests. Journal of Zoology, London 247: 409-418.
19. Leader-Williams N., Scott T. A. and Pratt R. M. 1981. Forage selection by introduced reindeer on South Georgia and its consequences for the flora. Journal of Applied Ecology 18: 83-106.
20. Leslie D. M. and Starkey E. E. 1985. Fecal indices to dietary quality of cervids in old-growth forests. The Journal of Wildlife Management 49: 142-146.
21. Leslie D. M. and Starkey E. E. 1987. Fecal indices to dietary quality: a reply. The Journal of Wildlife Management 51: 321-325.
22. Massey B. N., Weckerly F. W., Vaughn C. E. and McCullough D. R. 1994. Correlations between fecal nitrogen and diet composition in free-ranging black-tailed deer. The Southwestern Naturalist 39: 165-170.
23. McCullough 1985. Variables influencing food habits of white-tailed deer on the George reserve. Journal of Mammalogy 66: 682-692.
24. Miyaki M. and Kaji K. 2004. Summer forage biomass and the importance of litterfall for a high-density sika deer population. Ecological Research 19: 405-409.
25. Mould E. D. and Robbins C. T. 1981. Nitrogen metabolism in elk. The Journal of Wildlife Management 45: 323-334.
26. Mubanga G., Holechek J. L., Valdez R. and Schemnitz S. D. 1985. Relationships between diet and fecal nutritive quality in mule deer. The Southwestern Naturalist 30: 573-578.
27. Mysterud A. 2000. The relationship between ecological segregation and sexual body size dimorphism in large hervivores. Oecologia 124: 40-54.
28. Nicholson M. C., Bowyer R. T. and Kie J. G. 2006. Forage selection by mule deer: does niche breadth increase with population density? Journal of Zoology, London 269: 39-49.
29. Nishiokoppe Village Office. 2002. [Statistics of Nishiokoppe village: pages not supplied]. [In Japanese]
30. Nunez-Hernandez G., Holechek J. L., Arthun D., Tembo A., Wallace J. D., Galyean M. L., Cardenas M. and Valdez R. 1992. Evaluation of fecal indicators for assessing energy and nitrogen status of cattle and goats. The Journal of Range Management 45: 143-147.
31. Odenyo A. A., Bishop R., Asefa G., Jamnadass R., Odongo D. and Osuji P. 2001. Characterization of tannin-tolerant bacterial isolates from East African ruminants. Anaerobe 7: 5-15.
32. Osborn R. G. and Ginnett T. F. 2001. Fecal nitrogen and 2,6-diaminopimelic acid as indices to dietary nitrogen in white-tailed deer. Wildlife Society Bulletin 29: 1131-1139.
33. Padmalal U. K. G. K. and Takatsuki S. 1994. Age-sex differences in the diets of Sika deer on Kinkazan Island, northern Japan. Ecological Research 9: 251-256.
34. Padmalal U. K. G. K., Takatsuki S. and Jayasekara P. 2003. Food habits of sambar Cervus unicolor at the Horton Plains National Park, Sri Lanka. Ecological Research 18: 775-782
35. Raymond W. F. 1948. Evaluation of herbage for grazing. Nature 161: 937-938.
36. Robbins C. T. (ed) 1993. Wildlife Feeding and Nutrition, second edition. Academic Press, California: 1-352.
37. Robbins C. T., Hanley T. A., Hagerman A. E., Hjeljord O., Baker D. L., Schwartz C. C. and Mautz W. W. 1987. Role of tannins in defending plants against ruminants: reduction in protein availability. Ecology 68: 98-107.
38. Robbins C. T., Hagerman A. E., Austin P. J., McArthur C. and Hanley T. A. 1991. Variation in mammalian physiological responses to a condensed tannin and its ecological implications. Journal of Mammalogy 72: 480-486.
39. Robinson J.J.1996. Nutrition and reproduction. Animal Reproduction Science 42: 25-34.
40. Sæther B.-E. and Heim M. 1993. Ecological correlates of individual variation in age at maturity in female moose (Alces alces): the effect of environmental variability. Journal of Animal Ecology 62: 482-489.
41. Sawabe K. 2006. [Phylogenetic and physiological analysis of tannin-degrading Streptococcus bovis isolated from wild sika deer]. MSc thesis, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido: 1-56. [In Japanese]
42. Segelquist C. A., Short H. L., Ward F. D. and Leonard R. G. 1972. Quality of some winter deer forages in the Arkansas Ozarks. The Journal of Wildlife Management 36: 174-177.
43. Shipley L. A. and Felicetti L. 2002. Fiber digestibility and nitrogen requirements of blue duikers (Cephalophus monticola). Zoo Biology 21: 123-134.
44. Soper R. B., Lochmiller R. L., Lelie D. M. and Engle D. M. 1993. Condition and diet quality of white-tailed deer in response to vegetation management in central Oklahoma. Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science 73: 53-61.
45. SPSS 10.0. 1999. SPSS for windows, version 10.0, SPSS Inc. Takahashi H., Kaji K. and Koizumi T. 1999. Molar wear rates in sika deer during three population phases: increasing versus decline and post-decline phases. Mammal Study 24: 17-23.
46. Takahashi H. and Kaji K. 2001. Fallen leaves and unpalatable plants as alternative foods for sika deer under food limitation. Ecological Research 16: 257-262.
47. Takatsuki S. 2003. Use of mires and food habits of sika deer in the Oze area, central Japan. Ecological Research 18: 331-338.
48. Takatsuki S. 1991. [Feeding ecology of ungulates with reference to cervids]. [In: Modern mammalogy. M. Asahi and T. Kawamichi, eds]. Asakura Publishing Co., Japan: 119-144. [In Japanese]
49. Takatsuki S. and Ikeda S. 1993. Botanical and chemical composition of rumen contents of Sika deer on Mt Goya, northern Japan. Ecological Research 8: 57-64.
50. Van Sæst P. J. 1967. Development of a comprehensive system of feed analyses and its application to forages. Journal of Animal Science 26: 119-128.
51. Van Sæst P. J. 1982. Nutritional ecology of the ruminant: ruminant metabolism, nutritional strategies, the cellulolytic fermentation, and the chemistry of forages and plant fibers. O & B Books, Corvallis: 1-374.
52. Waid D. D. and Warren R. J. 1984. Seasonal variations in physiological indices of adult female white-tailed deer in Texas. The Journal of Wildlife Diseases 20: 212-219.
53. Watanabe T. and Takatsuki S. 1993. Comparison of nitrogen and fiber concentrations in rumen and fecal contents of sika deer. Journal of Mammalogical Society of Japan 18: 43-48.
54. Wehausen J. D. 1995. Fecal measures of diet quality in wild and domestic ruminants. The Journal of Wildlife Management 59: 816-823.
55. Yokoyama M., Kaji K. and Suzuki M. 2000. Food habits of sika deer and nutritional value of sika deer diets in eastern Hokkaido, Japan. Ecological Research 15: 345-355.