Instance theory and universal grammar in second language research

Second Language Research

Volumn 14, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 257-291

  Truscott, John ^a  

^a NATIONAL TSING HUA UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 34248758466     PISSN: 02676583     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/026765839801400302     Document Type: Article

References (103)

1. Abney, S.P. 1987: The English noun phrase in its sentential aspect. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, MIT, Cambridge, MA.
2. Bates, E. and MacWhinney, B. 1987: Competition, variation, and language learning. In MacWhinney, B., editor, Mechanisms of language acquisition, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
3. Bechtel, W. and Abrahamsen, A. 1991: Connectionism and the mind: an introduction to parallel processing in networks. Oxford: Blackwell.
4. Berwick, R. 1985: The acquisition of syntactic knowledge. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
5. Bialystok, E. 1990: The dangers of dichotomy: a reply to Hulstijn. Applied Linguistics 11: 46-51.
6. Bierwisch, M. 1970: Semantics. In Lyons, J., editor, New horizons in linguistics, Harmondsworth: Penguin.
7. Borer, H. 1984: Parametric syntax: case studies in Semitic and Romance languages. Dordrecht: Foris.
8. Bowerman, M. 1988: 'The "No negative evidence" problem: how do children avoid constructing an overly general grammar?' In Hawkins, J.A., editor, Explaining language universals, Oxford: Blackwell.
9. Braine, M.D.S. 1988: Modelling the acquisition of linguistic structure. In Levy, Y., Schlesinger, I.M., and Braine, M.D.S., editors, Categories and processes in language acquisition, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
10. Brooks, L.R. 1990: Concept formation and particularizing learning. In Hanson, P.P., editor, Information, language, and cognition, Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
11. Brooks, L.R. and Vokey, J.R. 1991: Abstract analogies and abstracted grammars: comments on Reber (1989) and Mathews (1989). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 120, 316-323.
12. Carr, T.H. and Curran, T. 1994: Cognitive factors in learning about structured sequences. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 16: 205-230.
13. Chomsky, N. 1981: Lectures on Government and Binding: the Pisa lectures. Dordrecht: Foris.
14. Chomsky, N. 1986: Knowledge of language: its nature, origin, and use. New York: Praeger.
15. Chomsky, N. 1995: The minimalist program. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
16. Chomsky, N. and Halle, M. 1968: The sound pattern of English. New York: Harper and Row.
17. Clark, H.H. 1970: Word associations and linguistic theory. In Lyons, J., editor, New horizons in linguistics, Volume 1, Harmondsworth: Penguin.
18. Clark, H.H. and Clark, E.V. 1977: Psychology and language: an introduction to psycholinguistics. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
19. Cook, V. 1993: Linguistics and second language acquisition. London: Macmillan.
20. Davis, S., editor, 1992: Connectionism: theory and practice. New York: Oxford University Press.
21. Ellis, R. 1993: The structural syllabus and second language acquisition. TESOL Quarterly 27, 91-113.
22. Estes, W.K. 1994: Classification and cognition. New York: Oxford University Press.
23. Felix, S.W. 1987: Cognition and language growth. Dordrecht: Foris.
24. Flynn, S. 1987: A parameter-setting model of L2 acquisition: experimental studies in anaphora. Dordrecht: Reidel.
25. Gass, S.M. and Lakshmanan, U. 1991: Accounting for interlanguage subject pronouns. Second Language Research 7, 181-203.
26. Haegeman, L. 1994: Introduction to Government and Binding Theory second edition. Oxford: Blackwell.
27. Hilles, S. 1986: Interlanguage and the pro-drop parameter. Second Language Research 2, 33-52.
28. Hintzman, D.L. 1986: 'Schema abstraction' in a multiple-trace memory model. Psychological Review 93, 411-428.
29. Hirakawa, M. 1990: A study of the L2 acquisition of English reflexives. Second Language Research 6, 60-85.
30. Hyams, N.M. 1986: Language acquisition and the theory of parameters. Dordrecht: Reidel.
31. Hyams, N. and Wexler, K. 1993: On the grammatical basis of null subjects in child language. Linguistic Inquiry 24, 421-459.
32. Jackendoff, R. 1977: X' syntax: A study of phrase structure. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
33. Jackendoff, R. 1990: Semantic structures. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
34. Jaeggli, O. and Safir, K.J. 1989: The null subject parameter and parametric theory. In Jaeggli, O. and Safir, K.J., editors, The null subject parameter, Dordrecht: Kluwer.
35. Karmiloff-Smith, A. 1986: From meta-processes to conscious access: evidence from children's metalinguistic and repair data. Cognition 23, 95-147.
36. Katz, J.J. and Fodor, J. A. 1963: The structure of a semantic theory. Language 39, 170-210.
37. Keil, F.C. 1989: Concepts, kinds, and cognitive development. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
38. Klapp, S.T., Boches, C.A., Trabent, M.L., and Logan, G.D. 1991: Automatizing alphabetic arithmetic: II. Are there practice effects after automaticity is achieved? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 17, 196-209.
39. Kolodner, J.L. 1983a: Maintaining organization in a dynamic long-term memory. Cognitive Science 7, 243-280.
40. Kolodner, J.L. 1983b: Reconstructive memory: a computer model. Cognitive Science 7, 281-328.
41. Kolodner, J.L. 1993: Case-based reasoning. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.
42. Krashen, S.D. 1982: Principles and practice in second language acquisition. New York: Pergamon Press.
43. Kruschke, J.K. 1992: ALCOVE: an exemplar-based connectionist model of category learning. Psychological Review 99, 22-44.
44. Lakshmanan, U. 1994: Universal Grammar in child second language acquisition: null subjects and morphological uniformity. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
45. Lightfoot, D. 1991: How to set parameters: arguments from language change. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
46. Logan, G.D. 1988: Toward an instance theory of automatization. Psychological Review 95, 492-527.
47. Logan, G.D. and Klapp, S.T. 1991: Automatizing alphabetic arithmetic: I. Is extended practice necessary to produce automaticity? Journal of Experimental, Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 17, 179-195.
48. McClelland, J.L. and Rumelhart, D.E. 1985: Distributed memory and the representation of general and specific information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 114, 159-188.
49. McLaughlin, B. 1987: Theories of second-language learning. London: Edward Arnold.
50. McLaughlin, B. 1990: Restructuring. Applied Linguistics 11, 113-128.
51. MacWhinney, B. 1987: The competition model. In MacWhinney, B., editor, Mechanisms of language acquisition, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
52. MacWhinney, B. 1993: Connections and symbols: closing the gap. Cognition 49, 291-296.
53. Manzini, M.R. and Wexler, K. 1987: Parameters, binding theory, and learnability. Linguistic Inquiry 18, 413-444.
54. Mathews, R.C. and Roussel, L.G. 1993: Automatic abstraction of stimulus structure from episodes: comment on Whittlesea and Dorken (1993). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 122, 397-400.
55. Matsumura, M. 1994: Japanese learners' acquisition of the locality requirement of English reflexives: evidence for retreat from overgeneralization. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 16, 19-42.
56. Medin, D.L. 1989: Concepts and conceptual structure. American Psychologist 44, 1469-1481.
57. Medin, D. and Ross, B.H. 1989: The specific character of abstract thought: categorization, problem-solving, and induction. In Sternberg, R.J., editor, Advances in the psychology of human intelligence, Volume 5, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
58. Medin, D.L. and Schaffer, M.M. 1978: Context theory of classification learning. Psychological Review 85, 207-238.
59. Murphy, G.L. and Medin, D.L. 1985: The role of theories in conceptual coherence. Psychological Review 92, 289-316.
60. Neisser, U., editor, 1987: Concepts and conceptual development: ecological and intellectual factors in categorization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
61. Nosofsky, R.M. 1986: Attention, similarity, and the identification-categorization relationship. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 115, 39-57.
62. Nosofsky, R.M., Kruschke, J.K., and McKinley, S.C. 1992: Combining exemplar-based category representations and connectionist learning rules. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 18, 211-233.
63. O'Malley, J.M. and Chamot, A.U. 1990: Learning strategies in second language acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
64. Perruchet, P., Gallego, I. and Pacteau, C. 1992: A reinterpretation of some earlier evidence for abstractiveness of implicitly acquired knowledge. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 44A, 193-210.
65. Perruchet, P. and Pacteau, C. 1991: Implicit acquisition of abstract knowledge about artificial grammar: some methodological and conceptual issues. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 120, 112-116.
66. Pinker, S. 1984: Language learnability and language development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
67. Pinker, S. 1991: Rules of language. Science 253, 530-535.
68. Pollock, J.-Y. 1989: Verb movement, Universal Grammar, and the structure of IP. Linguistic Inquiry 20, 365-424.
69. Posner, M.I. and Keele, S.W. 1970: Retention of abstract ideas. Journal of 290 Instance theory and Universal Grammar Experimental Psychology 83, 304-308.
70. Prasada, S. and Pinker, S. 1993: Generalization of regular and irregular morphological patterns. Language and Cognitive Processes 8,1-56.
71. Reber, A.S. 1993: Implicit learning and tacit knowledge: an essay on the cognitive unconscious. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
72. Reilly, R.G. and Sharkey, N.E., editors, 1992: Connectionist approaches to natural language processing. Hove: Erlbaum.
73. Rips, L.J. and Collins, A. 1993: Categories and resemblances. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 122, 468-486.
74. Robinson, P.J. and Ha, M.A. 1993: Instance theory and second language rule learning under explicit conditions. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 15, 413-438.
75. Roeper, T. and Weissenborn, J. 1990: How to make parameters work: comments on Valian. In Frazier, L. and de Villiers, J., editors, Language processing and language acquisition, Dordrecht: Kluwer.
76. Rosch, E. 1978: Principles of categorization. In Rosch, E. and Lloyd, B.B., editors, Cognition and categorization, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
77. Ross, J.R. 1974: Three batons for cognitive psychology. In Weimar, W.B. and Palermo, D.S., editors, Cognition and the symbolic processes, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
78. Rutherford, W.E. 1989: Preemption and the learning of L2 grammars. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 11, 441-457.
79. Sacks, J.S. 1967: Recognition memory for syntactic and semantic aspects of connected discourse. Perception and Psychophysics 2, 437-442.
80. Schmidt, R.W. 1990: The role of consciousness in second language learning. Applied Linguistics 11, 129-158.
81. Schmidt, R.W. 1992: Psycholinguistic mechanisms underlying second language fluency. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 14, 357-385.
82. Schneider, W. and Shiffrin, R.M. 1977: Controlled and automatic human information processing: I. Detection, search, and attention. Psychological Review 84, 1-66.
83. Schwartz, B.D. 1986: The epistemological status of second language acquisition. Second Language Research 2, 120-159.
84. Schwartz, B.D. and Gubala-Ryzak, M. 1992: Learnability and grammar reorganization in L2: against negative evidence causing the unlearning of verb movement. Second Language Research 8, 1-38.
85. Seidenberg, M.S. 1994: Language and connectionism: the developing interface. Cognition 50, 385-401.
86. Shanks, D.R. and St John, M.F. 1994: Characteristics of dissociable human learning systems. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17, 367-447.
87. Shiffrin, R.M. and Schneider, W. 1977: Controlled and automatic human information processing: II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending, and a general theory. Psychological Review 84, 127-190.
88. Smith, E.E. and Medin, D.L. 1981: Categories and concepts. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
89. Trahey, M. and White, L. 1993: Positive evidence and preemption in the second language classroom. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 15, 181-204.
90. Truscott, J. and Wexler, K. 1989: Some problems in the parametric analysis of learnability. In Mathews, R.J. and Demopoulos, W., editors, Learnability and linguistic theory, Dordrecht: Kluwer.
91. Uziel, S. 1993: Resetting Universal Grammar parameters: evidence from second language acquisition of subjacency and the Empty Category Principle. Second Language Research 9, 49-83.
92. Valian, V. 1990: Logical and psychological constraints on the acquisition of syntax. In Frazier, L. and de Villiers, J., editors, Language processing and language acquisition, Dordrecht: Kluwer.
93. Valian, V. 1991: Syntactic subjects in the early speech of American and Italian children. Cognition 40, 21-81.
94. Wexler, K. and Culicover, P.W. 1980: Formal principles of language acquisition. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
95. Wexler, K. and Manzini, M.R. 1987: Parameters and learnability in binding theory. In Roeper, T. and Williams, E., editors, Parameter setting, Dordrecht: Reidel.
96. White, L. 1989a: Universal Grammar and second language acquisition. Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins.
97. White, L. 1989b: The adjacency condition on case assignment: do L2 learners observe the Subset Principle? In Gass, S.M. and Schachter, J., editors, Linguistic perspectives on second language acquisition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
98. White, L. 1991: Adverb placement in second language acquisition: some effects of positive and negative evidence in the classroom. Second Language Research 7, 133-161.
99. White, L. 1992a: Long and short verb movement in second language acquisition. Canadian Journal of Linguistics 37, 273-286.
100. White, L. 1992b: On triggering data in L2 acquisition: a reply to Schwartz and Gubala-Ryzak. Second Language Research 8, 120-137.
101. Whittlesea, B.W.A. and Dorken, M.D. 1993a: Incidentally, things in general are particularly determined: an episodic-processing account of implicit learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 122, 227-248.
102. White, L. 1993b: Potential power of coding particular experiences: reply to Mathews and Roussel (1993). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 122, 401-404.
103. Zobl, H. 1990: Evidence for parameter-sensitive acquisition: a contribution to the domain-specific versus central processes debate. Second Language Research 6, 39-59.