Fate, fortune, chance, and luck in Chinese and Greek: A comparative semantic history

Philosophy East and West

Volumn 53, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 537-574

  Raphals, Lisa ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 34248706793     PISSN: 00318221     EISSN: 15291898     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1353/pew.2003.0045     Document Type: Review

References (110)

1. Amand, D. 1945. Fatalism et liberté dans l'antiquité grecques: Recherches sur la survivance de l'argumentation morale antifataliste de Carnèade chez les philosophes grecs et les théologiens chrétiens des quatre premiers siècles. Louvain
2. Austin, Scott. 1986. Parmenides: Being, Bounds and Logic. New Haven: Yale University Press
3. Baopuzi neipian jiaoshi. 1980. Edited by Wang Ming. Xinbian Zhuzi jicheng. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju
4. Baoshan Chujian. 1991. Hubeisheng Jingsha Tielu Kaogudui, ed. Beijing: Wenwu
5. Bernstein, Mark H. 1992. Fatalism. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press
6. Bernstein, Peter L. 1996. Against the Gods: The Remarkable Story of Risk. New York: Wiley
7. Bobzien, Susanne. 1998. Determinism and Freedom in Stoic Philosophy. Oxford: Clarendon Press
8. Bokenkamp, Stephen R. 2000. "Simple Twists of Fate: The Daoist Encounter with Fate." Paper presented at the conference "Heaven's Will and Life's Lot: Destiny and Determinism in Chinese Culture," Breckenridge Public Affairs Center, Bowdoin College
9. Burkert, Walter. 1985. Greek Religion. Translated by John Raffan. London: Basil Blackwell
10. Chan, Wing-tsit. 1967. "The Individual in Chinese Religions." In The Chinese Mind: Essentials of Chinese Philosophy and Culture, edited by Charles A. Moore, pp. 286-302. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press
11. Chao, Wei-pang. 1946. "The Chinese Science of Fate Calculation." Folklore Studies 5: 279-315
12. Chen, Ning. 1994a. "Concepts of Fate in Ancient China." Ph.D. diss., University of Pittsburgh
13. -. 1994b. "The Problem of Theodicy in Ancient China." Journal of Chinese Religions 22 (Fall): 51-74
14. -. 1997. "The Genesis of the Concept of Blind Fate in Ancient China." Journal of Chinese Religions 25 (Fall): 141-167
15. -. 1997b. "The Concept of Fate in Mencius." Philosophy East and West 47 (4) (October): 495-520
16. Cicero, Marcus Tullius. De fato. Loeb Classical Library
17. Cioffari, Vincenzo. 1935. Fortune and Fate from Democritus to St. Thomas Aquinas. New York: N.p
18. Cornford, F. M. 1957. From Religion to Philosophy: A Study in the Origins of Western Speculation. New York: Harper and Row
19. Craig, William Lane. 1988. The Problem of Divine Foreknowledge and Future Contingents from Aristotle to Suarez. Leiden and New York: E. J. Brill
20. Den Boeft, J. 1970. Calcidias on Fate: His Doctrine and Sources. Leiden: Brill
21. Detienne, Marcel, and Jean-Pierre Vernant. 1978. Cunning Intelligence in Greek Culture and Society. Translated by Janet Lloyd. Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey: Humanities Press
22. Diehls, H. and W. Kranz eds. 1922. Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker I & II. Berlin
23. Dietrich, Bernard C. 1965. Death, Fate, and the Gods: The Development of a Religious Idea in Greek Popular Belief and in Homer. London: Athlone Press
24. Ding, Shan. 1988. Zhongguo gudai zongjiao yu shen hua kao. Shanghai: Wenyi Chubanshe
25. Doob, Leonard W. 1988. Inevitability: Determinism, Fatalism, and Destiny. Contributions in Psychology, no. 12. New York: Greenwood Publishing Group
26. Doyle, Richard E. 1984. Fate, Its Use and Meaning: A Study in the Greek Poetic Tradition from Homer to Euripides. New York: Fordham University Press
27. Forke, Alfred F., trans. 1962. Lun Heng: Essays of Wang Chong. 2 vols. 1911. Reprint, New York: Paragon Books
28. Fu, Sinian. 1952. "Xingming gushun bianzheng". In Fu Mengzhen Xiansheng ji. Vol. 3 [of 6 vols.]. Taibei: Taiwan National University
29. -. 1980. "Lishi Yuyan Yanjiusuo gongzuo zhi zhiqu". In Fu Sinian quanji. 7 vols. Taipei: Lianjing Chuban Shiye Gongsi
30. Giddens, Anthony. 1990. The Consequences of Modernity. Stanford: Stanford University Press
31. Graham, Angus C. 1967. "The Background of the Mencian Theory of Human Nature." In Studies in Chinese Philosophy and Philosophical Literature. Singapore: Institute of East Asian Philosophies
32. -. 1978. Later Mohist Logic, Ethics and Science. Hong Kong: Chinese University Press; London: School of Oriental and African Studies
33. -. 1986. Chuang-tzu: The Inner Chapters. London: George Allen and Unwin
34. Greene, William Chace. 1944. Moira: Fate, Good, and Evil in Greek Thought. Cambridge: Harvard University Press
35. Gu, Jiegang, et al., eds. 1962-1963. Gu shi bian. 7 vols. Beijing, 1926-1935 (vols. 1-5); Shanghai, 1938-1941 (vols. 6-7). Reprint, Hong Kong: Taiping Shuju
36. Gujin tushu jicheng. 1985. Compiled by Chen Menglei. 82 vols. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju
37. Guthrie, W.K.C. 1962-1981. A History of Greek Philosophy. 6 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
38. Hacking, Ian. 1975. The Emergence of Probability. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
39. -. 1990. The Taming of Chance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
40. Halliday, W. R. 1913. Greek Divination: A Study of Its Methods and Principles. London: Macmillan
41. Han Feizi. 1972. In Han Feizi jinzhu jinyi. Taibei: Shangwu
42. Han shu. 1962. By Ban Biao and Ban Gu. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju
43. Harper, Donald. 1994. "Resurrection in Warring States Popular Religion." Taoist Resources 5 (2): 13-28
44. He Shuangqin. 1989. "Tianshui fangmatan Qin jian zongshu". Wenwu 2: 23-31
45. Henry, Eric. 1987. "The Motif of Recognition in Early China." Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 47 (1): 1-30
46. Holm, Jean, with John Bowker, eds. 1994. Human Nature and Destiny. New York: Pinter Publisher, St. Martin's Press
47. Hong, Jiayi. 1983. "Ming ling de feng hua". Guwenzi yanjiu 10. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju
48. Huainanzi. 1998. Edited by Wang Ming. Xinbian Zhuzi jicheng. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju
49. Irwin, Terence. 1989. A History of Western Philosophy. Vol. 1, Classical Thought. London: Oxford University Press
50. Jullien, François. 1995. The Propensity of Things: Toward a History of Efficacy in China. New York: Zone Books
51. Kalinowski, Marc, trans. 1991. Cosmologie et Divination dans la Chine Ancienne: Le Compendium des Cinq Agents. Wuxing dayi, Vle siècle, vol. 166. Paris: École française d'Extrême Orient
52. Kanaya, Osamu. 1986. Shi to unmei: Kodai Chūgoku no shisaku. Kyoto: Hōzōkan
53. Keightley, David N. 1978. Sources of Shang History: The Oracle-bone Inscriptions of Bronze Age China. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press
54. Kirk, G. S. and J. E. Raven. 1957. The Presocratic Philosophers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
55. Lakoff, George, and Mark Johnson. 1980. Metaphors We Live By. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
56. Legge, James, trans. The Chinese Classics. Vol. 3, The Shoo King or The Book of Historical Documents. N.p., l865. Reprint, Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 1960
57. Li, Ling. 1990. "Formulaic Structure of Chu Divinatory Bamboo Slips." Translated by William G. Boltz. Early China 15: 71-86
58. Li, Xueqin. 1990. "Fangmatan jian zhong de zhiguai gushi". Wenwu 4: 43-47
59. Liang, Shijiu, et al., eds. 1993. Far East Chinese-English Dictionary. Taibei: Yuandong Tushu Gongsi
60. Lloyd, G.E.R. 1987. The Revolutions of Wisdom: Studies in the Claims and Practice of Ancient Greek Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
61. -. 1996. Adversaries and Authorities: Investigations into Ancient Greek and Chinese Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
62. Loewe, Michael A. N. 1978. The Cambridge History of China, Ch'in and Han. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
63. -. 1979. Ways to Paradise: The Chinese Quest for Immortality. London. Reprint, Taipei: SMC Publishing Company
64. -. 1981. Divination and Oracles. London and Boston: Allen and Unwin
65. -. 1982. Chinese Ideas of Life and Death: Faith, Myth, and Reason in the Han Period (202 B.C.-A.D. 220). London and Boston: Allen and Unwin
66. -. 1988a. "The Oracles of the Clouds and the Winds." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 51: 500-520
67. -. 1988b. "Divination by Shells, Bones, and Stalks during the Han Period." T'oung-Pao 74: 81-118
68. Lupke, Christopher, ed. Forthcoming. The Magnitude of Ming: Essays on Command, Allotment, Life and Fate in Chinese Culture. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press
69. Maspéro, Henri. 1924. "Légendes mythologiques dans le Chou king." Journale asiatique, no. 204 (January to March): 1-100
70. Miyazaki, Ichisada. 1963. "Chūgoku kodai ni okeru ten to mei to tenmei no shisō". Shirin 46 (1): 81-104
71. Mori, Mikisaburō. 1971. Jōko yori Kandai ni itaru seimeikan no tenkai. Tokyo: Sobunsha
72. Mozi yinde. 1982. Shanghai: Guji Chubanshe
73. Nylan, Michael. 1993. The Canon of Supreme Mystery: A Translation with Commentary of the T'ai Hsüan Ching. Albany: State University of New York Press
74. -. 1997. "Han Classicists Writing in Dialogue about Their Own Tradition." Philosophy East and West 47 (2) (April); 133-188
75. -. 1999. "A Problematic Model: The Han Orthodox Synthesis,' Then and Now." In Imagining Boundaries: Changing Confucian Doctrines, Texts, and Hermeneutics. Edited by Kai-wing Chow, On-cho Ng, and John B. Henderson. Albany: State University of New York Press
76. Peng, Hao. 1991. "Baoshan erhao Chumu bushi he qidao zhujian de chubu yanjiu". In Baoshan Chujian ed., Hubeisheng jingsha tielu kaogu dui 555-563. Beijing: Wenwu
77. Poo, Mu-chou. 1998. In Search of Personal Welfare: A View of Ancient Chinese Religion. Albany; State University of New York Press
78. Raphals, Lisa. 1992. Knowing Words: Wisdom and Cunning in the Classical Traditions of China and Greece. Ithaca: Cornell University Press
79. -. 1998. Sharing the Light: Representations of Women and Virtue in Early China. Albany: State University of New York Press
80. -. 2002. "Fatalism, Fate and Stratagem in China and Greece." In Early China, Ancient Greece: Thinking Through Comparisons. New York: State University of New York Press
81. -. Forthcoming. "Languages of Fate: Semantic Fields in Chinese and Greek." In The Magnitude of Ming: Essays on Command, Allotment, Life and Fate in Chinese Culture. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press
82. Reding, Jean-Paul. 1996. "Light and the Mirror: Elements of Comparative Metaphorology." Paper Presented at the Association for Asian Studies, Honolulu, Hawaii, 11-14 April
83. -. 1997. "L'Utilisation Philosophique de la Métaphore en Grèce et en Chine." Revue de Théologie et de Philosophie 129: 1-30
84. Rescher, Nicholas. 1995. Luck: the Brilliant Randomness of Everyday Life. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1995
85. Ruan, Yuan (1764-1849). "Xing ming gu xun". Baibu congshu jicheng. ser. 44, vol. 4, juan 10
86. Scripta Sinica. Chinese text retrieval system. Academia Sinica Computing Center. http://www.sinica.edu.tw
87. Sharpies, R. W., trans. 1983. Alexander of Aphrodisias on Fate. London: Duckworth
88. Smith, Richard. 1991. Fortune-tellers and Philosophers: Divination in Traditional Chinese Society. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press
89. Tang, Junyi. 1957. "Xian Qin sixiang zhong zhi tian ming guan". Xinya xuebao 2 (2): 1-33
90. -. 1962. "The Tien-ming (Heavenly Ordinance) in Pre-Ch'in China, Part I." Philosophy East and West 11 (4) (January): 195-218
91. -. 1963. "The Tien-ming (Heavenly Ordinance) in Pre-Ch'in China, II." Philosophy East and West 12 (1) (April): 29-42
92. -. 1964. "Qin-Han yihou tian ming sixiang zhi fazhan". Xinya xuebao 6 (2): 3-64
93. Tateno, Masami 1983. "Chōgoku kodai ni okeru unmeiron no keifu". Tōhōgaku 66 (July 1983): 18-31
94. Topley, Marjorie. 1973. "Cosmic Antagonisms: A Mother-Child Syndrome." In Religion and Ritual in Chinese Society, edited by Arthur P. Wolf, pp. 233-249. Stanford: Stanford University Press
95. Turner, Bryan S. 1996. For Weber: Essays on the Sociology of Fate. Boston: Routledge, 1981. Reprint London: Sage
96. Vernant, Jean-Pierre. 1974. "Parole et signes muets." In Divination et rationalité. Paris: Seuil
97. Von Falkenhausen, Lothar. 1995. "Reflections on the Political Rôle of Spirit Mediums in Early China: The Wu Officials in the Zhou li." Early China 20 (Festschrift for David N. Keightley): 279-300
98. Waley, Arthur, trans. 1955. The Nine Songs. London: Allen and Unwin
99. Wang, Q. Edward. 1996. "Modernity inside Tradition: The Transformation of Historical Consciousness in Modern China." Indiana East Asian Working Paper Series on Language and Politics in Modern China. Winter, http://www.easc. indiana.edu/Pages/Easc/working-papers/
100. Weber, Max. 1951. The Religion of China: Confucianism and Taoism
101. Translated and edited by Hans H. Gerth. Glencoe, Illinois: Free Press. Originally published in 1922 as Konfuzianismus und Taoismus, vol. 1 of Gesammelte Aufsätze zur Religionssoziologie
102. Xia, Lu. 1980. "Buci zhong de tian, shen, ming". Wuhan Daxue xuebao, no. 2
103. Xu, Fuguan. 1963. Zhongguo renxing lunshi. Taizhong: Donghai University Press
104. Xunzi yinde. Shanghai: Guji Chubanshe, 1986
105. Yates, Robin D. S. 1997. "Purity and Pollution in Early China." In "Integrated Studies of Chinese Archaeology and Historiography." Symposium series of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica, no. 4 (July 1997): 479-536
106. Yuan, Shushan. 1919. Mingli tanyuan. 4 vols. China
107. -. 1926. Shu bushi xingxiang xue. 4 vols. Shanghai: Wuchen
108. -. 1947. Mingpu. Shanghai: Runde Shuji
109. Zhang, Guorong. 1991. "Chuci Da Si Ming pian zai liuquan guocheng zhong de yanbian". Zhongguo wenhua yuekan, no. 145: 105-117
110. Zhou Zuoren. Guan yu ming yun. In Zhou Zuoren quanji. vol. 3. Taizhong: Landeng wenhua