Operationalizing the Community Variable in Offender Reintegration:: Theory and Practice for Developing Intervention Social Capital

Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice

Volumn 1, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 246-275

  Bazemore, Gordon ^a   Erbe, Carsten ^a  

^a FLORIDA ATLANTIC UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

community and juveniles; juvenile justice; juvenile justice policy; reintegration; restorative justice

Indexed keywords

EID: 34248607376     PISSN: 15412040     EISSN: 15569330     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1541204003001003002     Document Type: Article

References (105)

1. Achilles, M., & Zehr, H. (2001). Restorative justice for crime victims: The promise, the challenge. In G. Bazemore & M. Schiff (Eds.), Restorative and community justice: Repairing harm and transforming communities (pp. 87-99). Cincinnati, OH: Anderson.
2. Altschuler, D. M., & Armstrong, T. (1994). Intensive aftercare for high risk juveniles: Policies and procedures. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
3. Andrews, D., & Bonta, J. (1994). The psychology of criminal conduct. Cincinnati, OH: Anderson.
4. Annie E. Casey Foundation. (2001). Walking our talk in the neighborhood: Partnerships between professionals and natural helpers. Baltimore, MD: Author.
5. Austin, J. (2001). Prisoner reentry: Current trends, practices, and issues. Crime & Delinquency, 47, 314-334.
6. Barber, B., & Battistoni, R. (1993). A season of service: Introducing service learning into a liberal arts curriculum. Political Science and Politics, 26, 235-262.
7. Bazemore, G. (1991). New concepts and alternative practice in community supervision of juvenile offenders: rediscovering work experience and competency development. Journal of Crime and Justice, 14(2), 27-52.
8. Bazemore, G. (1997). The “community” in community justice: Issues, themes and questions for the new neighborhood sanctioning models. The Justice System Journal, 19, 193-228.
9. Bazemore, G. (1998). Restorative justice and earned redemption: Communities, victims and offender reintegration. American Behavioral Scientist, 41, 768-813.
10. Bazemore, G. (1999). The fork in the road to juvenile court reform. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 564(7), 81-108.
11. Bazemore, G. (2000). Community justice and a vision of collective efficacy: The case of restorative conferencing. In J. Horney (Ed.), Criminal justice 2000 (Vol. 3). Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice.
12. Bazemore, G., & Maloney, D. (1994). Rehabilitating community service: toward restorative service in a balanced justice system. Federal Probation, 58, 24-35.
13. Bazemore, G., Nissen, L., & Dooley, M. (2000). Mobilizing social support and building relationships: Broadening correctional and rehabilitative agendas. Corrections Management Quarterly, 4(4), 10-21.
14. Bazemore, G., & O’Brien, S. (2002). The quest for a restorative model of rehabilitation: Theory-for-practice and practice-for-theory. In L. Walgrave (Ed.), Restorative justice and the law (pp. 31-67). Cullompton, Devon, UK: Willan.
15. Bazemore, G., & Schiff, M. (Eds.). (2001). Restorative and community justice: Repairing harm and transforming communities. Cincinnati, OH: Anderson.
16. Bazemore, G., & Schiff, M. (2002). Understanding restorative conferencing: A case study in informal decision making in the response to youth crime. Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice.
17. Bazemore, G., & Umbreit, M. (2001). A comparison of four restorative conferencing models (Juvenile Justice Bulletin). Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice.
18. Bazemore, G., & Walgrave, L. (1999). Restorative juvenile justice: In search of fundamentals and an outline for systemic reform. In G. Bazemore & L. Walgrave (Eds.), Restorative juvenile justice: Repairing the harm of youth crime (pp. 45-74). Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press.
19. Bellah, R. N., Madsen, R., Sullivan, W., Swidler, A., & Tipton, M. (1985). Habits of the heart: Individualism and commitment in American life. Berkeley: University of California Press.
20. Benson, P. (1997). All kids are our kids. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
21. Black, D. (1976). The behavior of law. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
22. Braithwaite, J. (1989). Crime, shame, and reintegration. New York: Cambridge University Press.
23. Braithwaite, J. (1994). Thinking harder about democratizing social control. In C. Alder & J. Wundersitz (Eds.), Family group conferencing in juvenile justice: The way forward of misplaced optimism? (p. 201). Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology.
24. Braithwaite, J. (1998). Restorative justice. In M. Tonry (Ed.), The handbook of crime and punishment (pp. 323-344). New York: Oxford University Press.
25. Braithwaite, J. (1999). Restorative justice; assessing optimistic and pessimistic accounts. In M. Tonry (Ed.), Crime and justice: A review of research (Vol. 25). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
26. Braithwaite, J. (2000). The new regulatory state and the transformation of criminology. British Journal of Criminology, 40, 319-400.
27. Braithwaite, J. (2001a). Restorative justice and new criminal law of substance abuse. Youth and Society, 33, 227-249.
28. Braithwaite, J. (2001b). Youth development circles. Oxford Review of Education, 27, 239-252.
29. Braithwaite, J., & Mugford, S. (1994). Conditions of successful reintegration ceremonies: Dealing with juvenile offenders. British Journal of Criminology, 34, 139-171.
30. Braithwaite, J., & Roche, D. (2001). Responsibility and restorative justice. In G. Bazemore & M. Schiff (Eds.), Restorative and community justice: Repairing harm and transforming communities (pp. 63-84). Cincinnati, OH: Anderson.
31. Bursik, R. J., & Grasmik, G. (1993). Neighborhoods and crime: The dimension of effective community control. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
32. Butts, J., & Mears, D. (2001). Reviving juvenile justice in a get tough era. Youth and Society, 33, 169-199.
33. Butts, J., & Snyder, H. (1991). Restitution and juvenile recidivism [Monograph]. Pittsburgh, PA: National Center for Juvenile Justice.
34. Christie, N. (1977). Conflict as property. British Journal of Criminology, 17, 1-15.
35. Clear, T., & Karp, D. (1999). The community justice ideal: Preventing crime and achieving justice. New York: Western.
36. Clear, T., Rose, D., & Ryder, J. (2001). Incarceration and the community: The problem of removing and returning offenders. Crime & Delinquency, 47, 335-351.
37. Cullen, F. T. (1994). Social support as an organizing concept for criminology [Presidential address to the academy of criminal justice sciences]. Justice Quarterly, 11, 527-559.
38. Cullen, F. T., Wright, J. P., & Chamlin, M. B. (1999). Social support and social reform: a progressive crime control agenda. Crime and Delinquency, 45, 188-207.
39. Delgado, R. (2000). Goodbye to Hammerabi: Concerns about restorative justice. Stanford Law Review, 52(4), 751.
40. De Li, S. (1999). Legal sanctions and youths’ status achievement: A longitudinal study. Justice Quarterly, 16(2), 377-401.
41. Diaz, J. (1996). Mission statement. Florence, AZ: Pinal County Department of Juvenile Court Services.
42. Elliott, D. (1994). Serious violent offenders: Onset, developmental course, and termination (The American Society of Criminology 1993 presidential address). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.(Reprinted from Criminology, 32, 1)
43. Erikson, K. (1964). Notes on the sociology of deviance. In H. S. Becker (Ed.), The other side (pp. 9-22). New York: The Free Press.
44. Erikson, K. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York: Norton.
45. Fader, J., Harris, P., Jones, P., & Poulin, M. (2001). Factors involved in decisions on commitment to delinquency programs for first-time juveniles offenders. Justice Quarterly, 18, 323-341.
46. Feld, B. (1990). The punitive juvenile court and the quality of procedural justice: Distinctions between rhetoric and reality. Crime and Delinquency, 36, 443-446.
47. Garfinkel, H. (1956). Conditions of successful degradation ceremonies. American Journal of Sociology, 61, 420-424.
48. Gottfredson, M., & Hirschi, T. (1990). A general theory of crime. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
49. Gouldner, A. (1960). The norm of reciprocity: A preliminary statement. American Sociological Review, 25, 161-178.
50. Hart, L. M., & Mahbuy, J. (2002). Roca: Supporting young people to thrive and lead change. Manuscript in preparation, Chelsea, MA.
51. Herman, S., & Wasserman, C. (2001). A role for victims in offender reentry. Crime & Delinquency, 47, 428-445.
52. Hudson, J., Galaway, B., Morris, A., & Maxwell, G. (1996). Introduction. In J. Hudson, B. Galaway, A. Morris, & G. Maxwell (Eds.), Family group conferences: Perspectives on policy and practice (pp. 1-17). Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press.
53. Hunter, A. J. (1985). Private, parochial and public social orders: The problem of crime and incivility in urban communities. In G. D. Suttles & M. N. Zald (Eds.), The challenge of social control: citizenship and institution building in modern society. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
54. Karp, D., & Walther, L. (2001). Community reparative boards in Vermont. In G. Bazemore & M. Schiff (Eds.), Restorative and community justice: Repairing harm and transforming communities (pp. 199-217). Cincinnati, OH: Anderson.
55. Lehman, J., Beatty, G., Maloney, D., Russell, S., & Seymour, A. (2002). The three “R”s of reentry. Washington, DC: Justice Solutions.
56. Levrant, S., Cullen, F., Fulton, B., & Wozniak, J. (1999). Reconsidering restorative justice: the corruption of benevolence revisited? Crime and Delinquency, 45, 3-27.
57. Lofland, J. (1969). Deviance and identity. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
58. Lynch, J. P., & Sobol, W. J. (2000). Prisoner reentry in perspective (Urban Institute crime policy report). Washington, DC: Urban Institute
59. Maloney, D. (1998, February). The challenge of restorative community justice. Address presented at the annual meeting of the Juvenile Justice Coalition, Washington, DC.
60. Maruna, S. (2001). Making good: How ex-convicts reform and rebuild their lives. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
61. McKnight, J. (1995). The careless society: Community and its counterfeits. New York: Basic Books.
62. Moore, D. (1994). Illegal action—Official reaction (Paper prepared for the Australian Institute of Criminology).
63. Moore, D., & McDonald, J. (2000). Transforming conflict in workplaces and other communities. Sydney: Transformative Justice Australia.
64. Morenoff, J. D., Sampson, R. J., & Raudenbush, S. W. (2001). Neighborhood inequality, collective efficacy, and the spatial dynamics of urban violence. Criminology, 39, 517-559.
65. Morris, A., & Maxwell, G. (2001). Restorative conferencing. In G. Bazemore & M. Schiff (Eds.), Restorative and community justice: Repairing harm and transforming communities (pp. 173-197). Cincinnati, OH: Anderson.
66. Nirel, R., Landau, S. F., Sebba, L., & Sagiv, B. (1997). The effectiveness of service work: An analysis of recidivism. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 13, 73.
67. Perry, J., & Gorcyzyk, J. (1997). Restructuring corrections: Using market research in Vermont. Corrections Management Quarterly, 1(3), 2-35.
68. Piquero, A., Brame, R., Mazerolle, P., & Haapenen, R. (2002). Crime in emerging adulthood. Criminology, 40, 137-171.
69. Polk, K., & Kobrin, S. (1972). Delinquency prevention through youth development. Washington, DC: Office of Youth Development.
70. Pranis, K. (1996). Communities and the justice system—Turning the relationship upside down. Paper presented to the Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC.
71. Pranis, K. (2001). Restorative justice, social justice, and the empowerment of marginalized populations. In G. Bazemore & M. Schiff (Eds.), Restorative community justice: Repairing harm and transforming communities (pp. 287-306). Cinncinnati, OH: Anderson.
72. Pranis, K., & Bazemore, G. (2001). Engaging community in the response to youth crime: a restorative justice approach [Monograph]. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Balanced and Restorative Justice Project, U.S. Department of Justice.
73. Pranis, K., & Umbreit, M. (1992). Public opinion research challenges perception of wide spread public demand for harsher punishment. Minneapolis: Minnesota Citizens Council on Crime and Justice.
74. Presbyterian Church. (1996). Restoring justice. Louisville, KY: National Council of the Churches of Christ in the USA.
75. Putnam, R. (2000). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. New York: Simon & Shuster.
76. Rose, D., & Clear, T. (1998). Incarceration, social capital and crime: Implications for social disorganization theory. Criminology, 36, 471-479.
77. Rosenbaum, D., Lurgio, A., & Davis, R. (1998). The prevention of crime: social and situational strategies (West/Wadsworth contemporary issues in crime and justice series). New York: International Thomson.
78. Rutter, M. (1985). Resilience in the face of adversity: protective factors and resistance to psychiatric disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 598-611.
79. Sampson, R., & Laub, J. (1993). Crime in the making: Pathways and turning points through life. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
80. Sampson, R., Raudenbush, S., & Earls, F. (1997). Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multi-level study of collective efficacy. Science Magazine, 277, 918-927.
81. Sampson, R., & Wilson, J. (1995). Toward a theory of race. In J. Hagan & R. D. Peterson (Eds.), Crime and urban inequality (pp. 37-45). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
82. Schneider, A. (1990). Deterrence and juvenile crime: Results from a national policy experiment. New York/Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
83. Schorr, L. B. (with Schorr, D.). (1989). Within our reach: Breaking the cycle of disadvantage. New York: Anchor.
84. Schwartz, I. M. (1992). Public attitudes toward juvenile crime and juvenile justice: implications for public policy. In I. Schwartz (Ed.), Juvenile justice policy (pp. 225-250). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
85. Senge, P. (1990). The fifth discipline. New York: Doubleday.
86. Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative. (2003). Available from http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/reentry/welcome.html
87. Shoenwold, S., Henggler, S., Pickrel, S., & Cunningham, P. (1999). Treating seriously troubled youths and families in their contexts: Multi-systematic therapy. Charleston, SC: National Institute on Drug Abuse and Center for Mental Health Services.
88. Stuart, B. (1996). Circle sentencing—Turning swords into ploughshares. In B. Galaway & J. Hudson (Eds.), Restorative justice: International perspectives (pp. 193-206). Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press.
89. Sullivan, M. (1989). Getting paid: Youth, crime and work in the inner city. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
90. Torbet, P., Gable, R., Hurst, H., Montgomery, I., Symanski, L., & Thomas, D. (1996). State responses to serious and juvenile crime (OJJDP research report). Pittsburgh, PA: National Center for Juvenile Justice.
91. Travis, T., & Petersilia, J. (2001). Reentry reconsidered: A new look at an old question. Crime and Delinquency, 47, 291-313.
92. Travis, T., Sullivan, A., & Waul, M. (2001). From prison to home: The dimensions and consequences of prisoner reentry. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.
93. Trice, H. M., & Roman, P. M. (1970). Delabeling, labeling, and Alcoholics Anonymous. Social Problems, 17, 538-546.
94. Uggen, C. (1999). Ex-offenders and the conformist alternative: A job quality model of work and crime. Social Problems, 46, 127-151.
95. Uggen, C., & Janikula, J. (1999). Volunteerism and arrest in the transition to adulthood. Social Forces, 78, 331-362.
96. Uggen, C., Manza, J., & Behrens, A. (2003). “Less than the average citizen”: Stigma, role transition, and the civic reintegration of convicted felons. Manuscript in progress, University of Minnesota, Department of Sociology.
97. Umbreit, M. (1998). Restorative justice through victim offender mediation: A multi-site assessment. Western Criminology Review, 1, 1-29.
98. Van Ness, D., & Strong, K. H. (2002). Restoring justice (2nd ed.). Cincinnati, OH: Anderson.
99. Van Voorhis, P. (1985). Restitution outcome and probationers’ assessments of restitution: The effects of moral development. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 12, 259-287.
100. Von Hirsch, A. (1976). Doing justice. New York: Hill and Wang.
101. Waldorf, D. (1983). Natural recovery from opiate addiction: Some social-psychological processes of untreated recovery. Journal of Drug Issues, 13, 237-280.
102. Warr, M. (1998). Life-course transitions and desistance from crime. Criminology, 36, 183-215.
103. Werner, E. (1986). Resilient offspring of alcoholics: A longitudinal study from birth to 18. Journal of Studies on Alcoholics, 47, 34-40.
104. Wilkins, L. T. (1991). Punishment, crime and market forces. Bookfield, VT: Dartmouth.
105. Zehr, H. (1990). Changing lenses: A new focus for crime and justice. Scottsdale, PA: Herald.