Phosphorus comes of age as a cardiovascular risk factor

Archives of Internal Medicine

Volumn 167, Issue 9, 2007, Pages 873-874

  Foley, Robert N ^a  

^a MINNEAPOLIS MEDICAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PHOSPHORUS;

BONE MINERALIZATION; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; DIETARY INTAKE; EDITORIAL; HUMAN; HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA; HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; KIDNEY DISEASE; PHOSPHATE BLOOD LEVEL; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CALCIUM; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; HUMANS; KIDNEY DISEASES; PHOSPHORUS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 34248551943     PISSN: 00039926     EISSN: 15383679     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/archinte.167.9.873     Document Type: Editorial

References (15)

1. Stryer L. Biochemistry. 4th ed. New York, NY: Lubert Stryer; 1995.
2. Block GA, Hulbert-Shearon TE, Levin NW, Port FK. Association of serum phosphorus and calcium x phosphate product with mortality risk in chronic hemodialysis patients: a national study. Am J Kidney Dis. 1998;31:607-617.
3. 4 product, and parathyroid hormone with cardiac mortality risk in chronic hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2001;12:2131-2138.
4. Stevens LA, Djurdjev O, Cardew S, Cameron EC, Levin A. Calcium, phosphate, and parathyroid hormone levels in combination and as a function of dialysis duration predict mortality: evidence for the complexity of the association between mineral metabolism and outcomes. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004;15:770-779.
5. Slinin Y, Foley RN, Collins AJ. Calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, and cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients: the USRDS waves 1, 3, and 4 study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:1788-1793.
6. Jono S, McKee MD, Murry CE, et al. Phosphate regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell calcification. Circ Res. 2000;87:E10-E17.
7. Steitz SA, Speer MY, Curinga G, et al. Smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition associated with calcification: upregulation of Cbfa1 and downregulation of smooth muscle lineage markers. Circ Res. 2001;89:1147-1154.
8. Wada T, McKee MD, Steitz S, Giachelli CM. Calcification of vascular smooth muscle cell cultures: inhibition by osteopontin. Circ Res. 1999;84:166-178.
9. Chen NX, O'Neill KD, Duan D, Moe SM. Phosphorus and uremic serum up-regulate osteopontin expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. Kidney Int. 2002;62:1724-1731.
10. Luo G, Ducy P, McKee MD, et al. Spontaneous calcification of arteries and cartilage in mice lacking matrix GLA protein. Nature. 1997;386:78-81.
11. Dhingra R, Sullivan LM, Fox CS, et al. Relations of serum phosphorus and calcium levels to the incidence of cardiovascular disease in the community. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167:879-885.
12. Klahr S, Levey AS, Beck GJ, et al; Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group. The effects of dietary protein restriction and blood-pressure control on the progression of chronic renal disease. N Engl J Med. 1994;330:877-884.
13. Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, Greene T, Rogers N, Roth D; Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130:461-470.
14. Fox CS, Larson MG, Leip EP, Culleton B, Wilson PW, Levy D. Predictors of new-onset kidney disease in a community-based population. JAMA. 2004;291:844-850.
15. Qunibi WY. Reducing the burden of cardiovascular calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16(suppl 2):S95-S102.