Inclusion of additional studies yields different conclusions: Comment on Sedikides, Gaertner, & Vevea (2005), Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Asian Journal of Social Psychology

Volumn 10, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 49-58

  Heine, Steven J ^a   Kitayama, Shinobu ^b   Hamamura, Takeshi ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

Culture; Meta analysis; Self; Self enhancement; Self esteem

Indexed keywords

EID: 34248343341     PISSN: 13672223     EISSN: 1467839X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-839X.2007.00211.x     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Alicke, M. D., Klotz, M. L., Breitenbecher, D. L., Yurak, T. J. Vredenburg, D. S. (1995). Personal contact, individuation, and the better-than-average effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 804 825.
2. Borenstein, M. Rothstein, H. (1999). Comprehensive Meta-Analysis: a Computer Program for Research Synthesis [Computer software]. Englewood, NJ : Biostat.
3. * Brown, J. D. Kobayashi, C. (2002). Self-enhancement in Japan and America. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 5, 145 167.
4. Chang, E. C. Asakawa, K. (2003). Cultural variations on optimistic and pessimistic bias for self versus a sibling: Is there evidence for self-enhancement in the West and for self-criticism in the East when the referent group is specified? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 569 581.
5. Fishbein, M. (1963). An investigation of the relationship between beliefs about an object and the attitude toward that object. Human Relations, 16, 233 240.
6. Giladi, E. E. Klar, Y. (2002). When standards are wide of the mark: Nonselective superiority and bias in comparative judgments of objects and concepts. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 131, 538 551.
7. Hamamura, T., Heine, S. J. Takemoto, T. (2006). Why the Better-Than-Average Effect Is a Worse-Than-Average Measure of Self-Enhancement. Unpublished manuscript. Vancouver, BC : University of British Columbia.
8. Hedges, L. V. Becker, B. J. (1986). Statistical methods in the meta-analysis of research in gender differences. In : J. S. Hyde M. C. Linn, eds. The Psychology of Gender: Advances Through Meta-Analysis, pp. 14 50. Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press.
9. Heine, S. J. (2005a). Constructing good selves in Japan and North America. In : R. M. Sorrentino, D. Cohen, J. M. Olson M. P. Zanna, eds. Culture and Social Behavior: The Tenth Ontario Symposium, pp. 115 143. Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum.
10. Heine, S. J. (2005b). Where is the evidence for pancultural self-enhancement? A reply to Sedikides, Gaertner & Toguchi. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 531 538.
11. Heine, S. J. Hamamura, T. (2007). In search of East Asian self-enhancement. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 11, 1 24.
12. * Heine, S. J. Lehman, D. R. (1995). Cultural variation in unrealistic optimism: Does the West feel more invulnerable than the East? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 595 607.
13. * Heine, S. J. Lehman, D. R. (1997). The cultural construction of self-enhancement: An examination of group-serving biases. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 1268 1283.
14. * Heine, S. J. Lehman, D. R. (1999). Culture, self-discrepancies, and self-satisfaction. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25, 915 925.
15. * Heine, S. J. Renshaw, K. (2002). Interjudge agreement, self-enhancement, and liking: Cross-cultural divergences. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 578 587.
16. * Heine, S. J., Kitayama, S., Lehman, D. R., et al. (2001). Divergent consequences of success and failure in Japan and North America: An investigation of self-improving motivations and malleable selves. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 599 615.
17. Heine, S. J., Lehman, D. R., Markus, H. R. Kitayama, S. (1999). Is there a universal need for positive self-regard? Psychological Review, 106, 766 794.
18. * Hornsey, M. J. Jetten, J. (2005). Loyalty without conformity: Tailoring self-perception as a means of balancing belonging and differentiation. Self and Identity, 4, 81 95.
19. Kahneman, D. Tversky, A. (1973). On the psychology of prediction. Psychological Review, 80, 237 251.
20. * Kitayama, S., Markus, H. R., Matsumoto, H. Norasakkunkit, V. (1997). Individual and collective processes in the construction of the self: Self-enhancement in the United States and self-criticism in Japan. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 1245 1267.
21. Klar, Y. Giladi, E. E. (1997). No one in my group can be below the group's average A robust positivity bias in favor of anonymous peers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 885 901.
22. Klar, Y. Giladi, E. E. (1999). Are most people happier than their peers, or are they just happy? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25, 585 594.
23. * Kobayashi, C. Brown, J. D. (2003). Self-esteem and self-enhancement in Japan and America. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 34, 567 580.
24. Kroeber, A. L. Kluckholn, C. (1952/1963). Culture: A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions. Cambridge, MA : Harvard University.
25. * Kurman, J. (2001). Self-enhancement: Is it restricted to individualistic cultures? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 12, 1705 1716.
26. * Markus, H. R. Kitayama, S. (1991). Cultural variation in the self-concept. In : G. R. Goethals J. Strauss, eds. Multidisciplinary Perspectives on the Self, pp. 18 48. New York : Springer-Verlag.
27. * Norasakkunkit, V. Kalick, S. M. (2002). Culture, ethnicity, and emotional distress measures: The role of self-construal and self-enhancement. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33, 56 70.
28. Rosenthal, R. (1995). Writing meta-analytic reviews. Psychological Bulletin, 118, 183 192.
29. * Ross, M., Heine, S. J., Wilson, A. E. Sugimori, S. (2005). Cross-cultural discrepancies in self-appraisals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 1175 1188.
30. * Sedikides, C., Gaertner, L. Toguchi, Y. (2003). Pancultural self-enhancement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 60 79.
31. Sedikides, C., Gaertner, L. Vevea, J. (2005). Pancultural self-enhancement reloaded: A meta-analytic reply to Heine (2005). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 539 551.