Shoot apical development during in vitro embryogenesis

Canadian Journal of Botany

Volumn 84, Issue 11, 2006, Pages 1650-1659

  Tahir, Muhammad ^a   Stasolla, Claudio ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Ascorbic acid; Brassica napus; Embryos conversion; Glutathione; Shoot apical meristem; White spruce

Indexed keywords

CELLS; GENE EXPRESSION; GENETIC ENGINEERING;

BRASSICA NAPUS; GLUTATHIONE; SHOOT APICAL MERISTEM (SAM); VITRO EMBRYOGENESIS; ZYGOTIC EMBRYOS;

PLANTS (BOTANY);

ACID; ANGIOSPERM; CONIFEROUS TREE; DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE; DICOTYLEDON; GENE EXPRESSION; PEPTIDE; SHOOT GROWTH; SPATIAL VARIATION; TEMPORAL VARIATION;

ASCORBIC ACID; CELLS; GENETIC ENGINEERING; PICEA ENGELMANNII; PLANTS;

ARABIDOPSIS; BRASSICA NAPUS; BRASSICA NAPUS VAR. NAPUS; CONIFEROPHYTA; MAGNOLIOPHYTA; PICEA; PICEA GLAUCA;

EID: 34248341817     PISSN: 00084026     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/B06-070     Document Type: Review

References (53)

1. Allen, G.S. 1947. Embryogeny and development of the apical meristems in Pseudotsuga. Development of the apical meristems. Am. J. Bot. 34: 204-211. doi:10.2307/2437420.
2. Barton, M.K., and Poethig, R.S. 1993. Formation of the shoot apical meristem in Arabidopsis thaliana: an analysis of development in the wild type and in the shoot meristemless mutant. Development, 119: 823-831.
3. Belmonte, M., Stasolla, C., Loukanina, N., Yeung, E.C., and Thorpe, T.A. 2003. Glutathione modulation of purine metabolism in cultured white spruce embryogenic tissue. Plant Sci. 165: 1377-1385. doi:10.1016/j.plantsci. 2003.08.002.
4. Belmonte, M.F., Donald, G., Reid, D.M., Yeung, E.C., and Stasolla, C. 2005. Alterations of the glutathione redox state improve apical meristem structure and somatic embryo quality in white spruce (Picea glauca). J. Exp. Bot. 56: 2355-2364. doi:10.1093/jxb/eri228.
5. Belmonte, M., Ambrose, S.J., Abrams, S.R., and Stasolla, C. 2006. Improved development of microspore derived embryo cultures of Brassica napus cv Topaz following changes in glutathione metabolism. Physiol. Plant. 127: 690-700.
6. Bewley, J.D., and Black, M. 1994. Seeds. Physiology of development and germination. 2nd Ed. Plenum Press, New York.
7. Brand, U., Grunewald, M., Hobe, M., and Simon, R. 2002. Regulation of CLV3 expression by two homeobox genes in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 129: 565-575. doi:10.1104/pp.001867.
8. Brown, D.C.W., Finstad, K.I., and Watson, E.M. 1995. Somatic embryogenesis in herbaceous dicots. In In vitro embryogenesis in plants. Edited by T.A. Thorpe, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. pp. 345-417.
9. Cutler, A.J., and Krochko, J.E. 1999. Formation and breakdown of ABA. Trends Plant Sci. 4: 472-478. doi:10.1016/S1360-1385(99)01497-1.
10. Gregory, R.A., and Romberger, J.A. 1972. The shoot apical ontogeny of the Picea abies seedling. Anatomy, apical dome diameter, and plastochron duration. Am. J. Bot. 59: 587-597. doi:10.2307/2441022.
11. Groß-Hardt, R., and Laux, T. 2003. Stem cell regulation in the shoot meristem. J. Cell Sci. 116: 1659-1666.
12. Hjortswang, H.I., Sundås-Larsson, A., Bharathan, G., Bozhkov, P.V., von Arnold, S., and Vahala, T. 2002. KNOTTED1-like homeobox genes of a gymnosperm, Norway spruce, expressed during somatic embryogenesis. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 40: 837-843. doi:10.1016/S0981-9428(02)01445-6.
13. Johnson, M.A. 1951. The shoot apex in gymnosperms. Phytomorphology, 1: 188-204.
14. Kerk, N.M., and Feldman, L.F. 1995. A biochemical model for the initiation and maintenance of quiescent center: implications for organization of root meristems. Development, 121: 2825-2833.
15. Kerstetter, R., Vollbrecht, E., Lowe, B., Veit, B., Yamaguchi, J., and Hake, S. 1994. Sequence analysis and expression pattern divide the maize Knotted1-like homeobox genes into two classes. Plant Cell, 6: 1877-1887. doi:10.1105/tpc.6.12.1877.
16. Kong, L., and Yeung, E.C. 1995. Effects of silver nitrate and polyethylene glycol on white spruce (Picea glauca) somatic embryo development: enhancing cotyledonary embryo formation and endogenous ABA content. Physiol. Plant. 93: 298-304. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1995.tb02232.x.
17. Kong, L., Attree, S.M., Evans, D.E., Binarova, P., Yeung, E.C., and Fowke, L.C. 1999. Somatic embryogenesis in white spruce: studies of embryo development and cell biology. In Somatic embryogenesis in woody plants. Vol. 4. Edited by S.M. Jain, P.K. Gupta, and R.J. Newton. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Dordrecht. pp. 1-28.
18. Laux, T., Mayer, K.F.X., Berger, J., and Jurgens, G. 1996. The WUSCHEL gene is required for shoot and floral meristem integrity in Arabidopsis. Development, 122: 87-96.
19. Lenhard, M., and Laux, T. 1999. Shoot meristem formation and maintenance. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 2: 44-50. doi:10.1016/S1369-5266(99)80009-0.
20. Levine, M. 1947. Differentiation of carrot root tissue grown in culture. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 74: 321-323. doi:10.2307/2482366.
21. Liso, R., Innocenti, A.M., Bitonti, M.B., and Arrigoni, O. 1988. Ascorbic acid induced progression of quiescent center cells from G-to S phase. New Phytol. 110: 469-471. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1988.tb00284.x.
22. May, M.J., Vernoux, T., Leaver, C., Van Montagu, M., and Inze, D. 1998. Glutathione homeostasis in plants: implication for environmental sensing and plant development. J. Exp. Bot. 49: 649-667. doi:10.1093/jexbot/49.321. 649.
23. Moussian, B., Schoof, H., Haecker, A., Jurgens, G., and Laux, T. 1998. Role of the ZWILLE gene in the regulation of central shoot meristem cell fate during Arabidopsis embryogenesis. EMBO J. 17: 1799-1809. doi:10.1093/emboj/17.6.1799.
24. Noctor, G., and Foyer, C.H. 1998. Ascorbate and glutathione: keeping active oxygen under control. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 49: 249-279. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.49.1.249.
25. Norstog, K. 1982. Experimental embryology in gymnosperms. In Experimental biology of vascular plants. Edited by B.M. Johri, Springer-Verlag, Berlin. pp. 25-51.
26. Potters, G., De Gara, L., Asard, H., and Horemans, N. 2002. Ascorbate and glutathione: guardians of the cell cycle, partners in crime? Plant Physiol. Biochem. 40: 537-548. doi:10.1016/S0981-9428(02)01414-6.
27. Pritchard, N.H. 1964. A cytochemical study of embryo development in Stellaria media. Am. J. Bot. 51: 472-479. doi:10.2307/2440274.
28. Raghavan, V. 1976. Experimental embryogenesis in vascular plants. Academic Press, London.
29. Ramesar-Fortner, N.S., and Yeung, E.C. 2001. Tri-iodobenzoic acid affects shoot apical meristem formation and function in zygotic embryos of Brassica napus cv. Topas. Can. J. Bot. 79: 265-273. doi:10.1139/cjb-79-3-265.
30. Reinert, J. 1958. Morphogenese und ihre Kontrolle an Gewebekulturen aus Carotten. Naturwissenschaft, 45: 344-345.
31. Ross, C.W. 1981. Biosynthesis of nucleotides. In The biochemistry of plants. Vol. 6. Edited by P.K. Stump and E.E. Conn. Academic Press, New York. pp. 169-205.
32. Sakamoto, T., Nishimura, A., Tamaoki, M., Kuba, M., Tanaka, C., Iwahori, S., and Matsuoka, M. 1999. The conserved KNOX domain mediates specificity of tobacco KNOTTED1-type homeodomain proteins. Plant Cell, 11: 1419-1431. doi.10.1105/tpc.11.8.1419.
33. Singh, H. 1978. Embryology of gymnosperms. Gebruder Bomtraeger, Berlin, Germany.
34. Smith, L.G., Jackson, D., and Hake, S. 1995. Expression of Knotted1 marks shoot meristem formation during maize embryogenesis. Dev. Genet. 16: 344-348. doi:10.1002/dvg.1020160407.
35. Spurr, A.R. 1949. Histogenesis and organization of the embryo in Pinus strobus L. Am. Bot. 36: 629-642.
36. Stasolla, C. 2001. Ascorbic acid during white spruce somatic embryogenesis. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
37. Stasolla, C., and Yeung, E.C., 2006. Endogenous ascorbic acid affects thymidine and uridine metabolism and modulates meristem reactivation in white spruce somatic embryos. Tree Physiol. 26: 1197-1206.
38. Stasolla, C., Kong, L., Yeung, E.C., and Thorpe, T.A. 2002. Maturation of somatic embryos in conifers: morphogenesis, physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. 38: 93-105.
39. Stasolla, C., Belmonte, M.F., van Zyl, L., Craig, D.L., Liu, W., Yeung, E.C., and Sederoff, R.R. 2003. The effect of reduced glutathione on morphology and gene expression of white spruce (Picea glauca) somatic embryos. J. Exp. Bot. 55: 695-709.
40. Steeves, T.A., and Sussex, I.M. 1989. Patterns in plant development. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
41. Steward, F., Mapes, M., and Mears, K. 1958. Growth and organized development of cultured cells. II. Organization in cultures grown from freely suspended cells. Am. J. Bot. 45: 705-708. doi:10.2307/2439728.
42. Sundås-Larsson, A., Svenson, M., Liao, H., and Engström, P. 1998. A homeobox gene with potential developmental control function in the meristem of the conifer Picea abies. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95: 15118-15122. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.25.15118.
43. Swamy, B.G.L., and Krishnamurthy, M. 1977. Certain conceptual aspects of meristems. Epiphysis and shoot apex. Phytomorphology, 27: 1-8.
44. Tahir, M., Law, D.L., and Stasolla, C. 2006. Molecular characterization of PgAGO, a novel conifer gene expressed in the apical cells and required for somatic embryo development in spruce (Picea glauca). Tree Physiol. 26: 1197-1206.
45. Tamaoki, M., Kusaba, S., Kano-Murakami, Y., and Matsuoka, M. 1997. Ectopic expression of a tobacco homeobox gene, NTH15, dramatically alters leaf morphology and hormone levels in transgenic tobacco. Plant Cell Physiol. 38: 917-927.
46. Thorpe, T.A., and Stasolla, C. 2001. Somatic embryogenesis. In Current trends in the embryology of angiosperms. Edited by S.S. Bhojwani. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Dordrecht, pp. 279-335.
47. Tykarska, T. 1976. Rape embryogenesis. The proembryo development. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 45: 3-16.
48. Tykarska, T. 1979. Rape embryogenesis. Development of embryo proper. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 48: 391-421.
49. Yeung, E.C., and Stasolla, C. 2001. Somatic embryogenesis - apical meristems and embryo conversion. Korean J. Plant Tiss. Cult. 27: 299-307.
50. Yeung, E.C., and Sussex, I.M. 1979. Embryogeny of Phaseolus coccineus: the suspensor and the growth of the embryo proper in vitro. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 91: 423-433.
51. Yeung, E.C., Aitken, C., Biondi, S., and Thorpe, T.A. 1981. Shoot histogenesis in cotyledon explants of radiata pine. Bot. Gaz. 142: 494-501. doi:10.1086/337251.
52. Yeung, E.C., Rahman, M.H., and Thorpe, T.A. 1996. Comparative development of zygotic and microspore-derived embryos in Brassica napus. Int. J. Plant Sci. 157: 27-39. doi:10.1086/297317.
53. Yeung, E.C., Stasolla, C., and Kong, L. 1998. Apical meristem formation during zygotic embryo development of white spruce. Can. J. Bot. 76: 751-761. doi:10.1139/cjb-76-5-751.