German criminal law and the Rome Statute - A Critical Analysis of the New German Code of Crimes against International Law

International Criminal Law Review

Volumn 2, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 261-282

  Satzger, Helmut ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AUGSBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 34248070220     PISSN: 1567536X     EISSN: 15718123     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/157181202401057204     Document Type: Article

References (79)

1. Cf., in general, Kittichaisaree, International Criminal Law, 2001, p. 22 et seq.
2. The original text and a German translation can be found in Bundestag-Drucksache (document) 14/2682, p. 9 et seq. Amongst numerous publications dealing with the ICC are: Ambos, Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft (ZStW) 111(1999), 176 et seq.;
3. Ambos, Neue Juristische Wochenschrift (NJW) 1998, 3743;
4. Blanke/Molitor, Archiv des Völkerrechts (AVR) 39(2001), 142 et seq.;
5. Fastenrath, Juristische Schulung (JuS) 1999, p. 632;
6. Gil Gil, Zeitschrift für die gesainte Strafrechtswissenschalt (ZStW) 112(2000), 381 et seq.;
7. Seidel/Stahn, Juristisehe Ausbildung (Jura) 1999, 14 et seq.;
8. Stahn, Europäische Grundrechte Zeitschrift (EuGRZ) 1998. 577 et seq.;
9. Huet/Koering-Jouhn, Droit pénal international, 2. ed., 2001, p. 31 et seq.
10. At the same time ratification instruments Number 57 through 66 were deposited. The current status of ratifications can be found under: http://www.iccnow.org/html/country.html
11. "IstGH-Statutgesetz", Bundesgesetzblatt (BGBI). 2000 II, p. 1393;
12. Cf. BGl. 2000 I, p. 1633.
13. "Entwurf eines Gesetzes zur Ausführung des Römischen Statuts des Internationalen Strafgerichtshofes vom 17. Juli 1988", BGBl. 2002 I, p. 2144.
14. "Völkerstrafgesetzbuch" (VStGB); BGB1. 2002 I, p. 2254.
15. Government draft of an Act to create the CCAIL, p. 1;
16. this draft can be found in the internet under http://ww.bmj.bund. deimages/1 1222.pdf
17. an English translation of the draft can be found under http://www.juscrim.mpg.de/forsch/legatex/US+GBengl.pdf.
18. The final version of the CCAIL is published on the internet under http://217.160.60.235/BGBC/bgbl1f/BGBL 102042s2254.pdf.
19. the preceding draft can be found under http://www.bmj.bund.de/images/10 185.pdf.
20. See e.g. Safferling, Juristisehe Arbeitsblatter (JA) 2000, 168 et seq.;
21. Triffterer in: Triffterer (Ed.), Commentary on the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, 1999, Part 1. margin No. 49.
22. See, also Werle, Juristenzeitung (JZ) 2001, 886;
23. Also see Kreß, Vom Nutzen emes deutschen Vö lkerstrafgesetzbuchs, 2000, p. 9;
24. Wirth/Harder, Zeitschrift für Rechtspolitik (ZRP) 2000, 146;
25. Lagodny, Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft (ZStW) 113(2001), 803.
26. Werle, Juristenzeitung (JZ) 2001, 886.
27. Hermsdörfer, Humanitáres Völkerrecht - Informationsschriften 1999, 22;
28. Werle, Juristenzeitung (JZ) 2001, 889;
29. Blanke/Molitor, Archiv des Völkerrechts (AVR) 39(2001), 165;
30. Wessels/Beulke, Strafrecht Ailgemeiner Teil, 31. ed., margin No. 79a. In contrast, the general rules of public international law are of importance for the question of the unlawfulness
31. cf., Werle, Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft (ZStW) 109(1997), p. 825.
32. Cf. the similar regulations in Articles 1-6 ICTY-Statute, which can be found in the internet under http://www.un.org/icty/basic/statut/stat2000-con. htm
33. and in Articles 1-5 ICTR-Statute, which can be found under: http://www.ictr.org/ENGLISH/basicdocs/statute.html.
34. Cf. Schönke/Schröder-Eser, Strafgesetzbuch, 26. ed., 2001, Vor §I, margin no. 22.;
35. see also, Safferling, Juristische Arbeitsblätter (TA) 2000, 169.
36. for more in detail in relation to this element of crime: Vest, Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft (ZStW) 113(2001), 467 et seq.
37. Werle, Juristenzeitung (JZ) 2001, 885.
38. see Werle, Juristenzeitung (JZ) 2001, 888 et seq.
39. Rightly against it Werle, Juristenzeitung (JZ) 2001, 886.
40. Hermsdörfer, Humanitäres Völkerrecht - Informationsschriften 1999, p. 27.
41. Werle, Juristenzeitung (JZ) 2001, 886.
42. Judgement of 2 October 1995, IT-94-1-AR72, Prosecutor v. Tadić.
43. also cf. Werle, Juristenzeitung (JZ) 2001, 893.
44. Cf. the supplementary Rules of Procedure and Evidence of 2. November 2000 published on the ICC web-site, http://www.un.orgilaw/icc/index.html).
45. Cf. Werle, Juristenzeitung (JZ) 2001, 889.
46. Werle, Juristenzeitung (JZ) 2001, 889.
47. In detail Ambos, der "Allgemeine Teil" des Vö lkerstrafrechts, 2002, p. 757 et seq.
48. Weigend, Roxin-Festschrift, 2001, p. 1389 et seq.
49. see also Lagodny, Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft (ZStW) 113(2001), p. 817, 820.
50. cf. for all Tröndle/Fischer, Strafgesetzbuch, 50. ed., 2001, Section 16 margin No. 27;
51. Wessels/Beulke, Strafrecht AT, margin nos. 478 et seq. In Austria a similar solution is prescribed by law (see, Section 8 Austrian Criminal Code).
52. Art. 32 I ICC-Statute (own emphasis).
53. similar also Weigend, Roxin-Festschrift, 2001, p. 1390 et seq.
54. This regulation is partly criticized as being too broad. See Tomuschat, Das Statut von Rom für den Internationalen Strafgerichtshof, Die Friedens-Warte 1998, 341.
55. See, Ambos, Criminal Law Forum 10(1999), p. 16 et seq.;
56. Weigend, Roxin-Festschrift, 2001, p. 1396.
57. Cf. the judgments of the German Federal Constitutional Court, published in BVerfGE 25, 269, 285; 55, 144, 152; 75 329, 340 et seq.
58. See the judgment of the German Federal Constitutional Court, published in BVerfGE 11, 237.
59. see also e.g. the judgments of the German Federal Constitutional Court, published in BverfGE 31, 58, 75; 58, 1, 34; 64, 1, 20;
60. Bleckmann, Die Öffentliche Verwaltung (DÖV) 1979, 312;
61. Pernice, in: Dreier, Grundgesetz, Art. 24, margin No. 1.
62. For all Rudolphi, in: Systematischer Kommentar zum Strafgesetzbuch, Section 1 margin no. 17 et seq.
63. See Schmidt-Aßmann in: Maunz/Dürig, Grundgesetz, Art. 103 §2 margin no. 251.
64. Cf. the recent judgment of the ICTY in Prosecutor v. Kordić und Čerkez, IT-95-14/2-T, 26 February 2001, para. 152.
65. See Gil Gil, Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft (ZStW) 112(2000), p. 386 et seq..
66. Cf. the judgment of the German Federal Court (Criminal Division), published in BGHSt 45, 64, 65;
67. for the critics cf. Lagodny/Nill-Theobald, Juristische Rundschau 2000, 205 et seq.;
68. Lüder, Neue Juristische Wochenschrift 2000, 270;
69. Triffterer Roxin-FS, 2001, p. 1444;
70. now also different the Federal Court of Justice (Bundesgerichtshof - BGH) in Neue Zeitschrift für Strafrecht (NStz) 2001, 658, 662 for Section 6 No. 9 Criminal Code;
71. see also Ambos NStZ 2001, 630.
72. Cf. in general e.g. Seidl-Hohenveldern/Stein, Völkeirecht, 10. ed., 2000, margin nos. 1359 et seq.
73. (UN Doc. S/PRST/2000/4 of 9.2.2000;
74. UN Doc. A/Res52/167 of 16.12.1994) as well as to the treaty, dated 15 December 1994, over the security of personnel of the UN and assigned personnel (BGBI. 1997 II, 230).
75. The official explanation of the reasons for the government draft (see footnote 10), p. 77, refers to the latest judgments of international courts and to the declarations of states as well as to general considerations of equal treatment; concurring e.g. Werle, Juristenzeitung (JZ) 2001, 894.
76. In general e.g.. Werle, Zeitsclirifi flir die gesamte Stralrechtswissenschaft (ZStW) 109(1997), 818 et seq.;
77. Ambos, in: Hasse/Müller/Schneider (Hrsg.), Humanitares Völkerrecht, p. 325 et seq.
78. Cf. Werle, Juristenzeitung (JZ) 2001, 887.
79. See also Wirh/Harder, Zeitschrift für Rechtspolitik (ZRP) 2000, 146;