Reconciling universality and diversity in international human rights: A theoretical and methodological framework and its application in the context of Islam

Human Rights Review

Volumn 5, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 5-21

  Brems, Eva ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 34248060351     PISSN: 15248879     EISSN: 18746306     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12142-004-1005-5     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. This paper was presented at the Second International Human Rights Conference, Mofid University, Qom (Iran), 17-18 May 2003.
2. E.g. Reza Afshari, "An Essay on Islamic Cultural Relativism in the Discourse of Human Rights, " Human Rights Quarterly, 1994, 235.
3. E.g. Human Rights in Islam, report of a seminar held in Kuwait, December 1980, International Commission of Jurists, 1982, 7-22.
4. This is explicitly confirmed in articles 24 and 25 of the Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam, adopted in 1990 by the Organisation of the Islamic Conference.
5. E.g. "Le memorandum du Gouvernement du Royaume d'Arabie Saoudite relatif au Dogme des droits de l'homme en Islam et son application dans le Royaume, adress aux Organisations Internationales interessees, " in Muslim World League, Colloques de Ryad sur le dogme musulman et les droits de l'homme en Islam, Beyrouth, Dar al-kitab allubnani, 50-51.
6. E.g. Lateef Adegbite, "Human Rights in Islamic Law, " Journal of Islamic and Comparative Law, 11-12.
7. For an extensive analysis of these discourses, see Eva Brems, Human Rights: Universality and Diversity (The Hague/Boston/London, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2001).
8. American Anthropological Association, "Statement on Human Rights, " American Anthropologist, 49, 4 (1947), 539-543.
9. Adopted by the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, 5 August 1990 (A/CONE157/PC/62/ Add. 18).
10. Final declaration of the regional meeting for Asia of the 1993 United Nations World Conference on Human Rights, 29 March-2 April 1993 (A/CONE 157/ASRM/8-A/CONE 157/PC/59).
11. A/CONE 1557/PC/62/Add. 18.
12. For an extensive analysis of these discourses, see Eva Brems, Human Rights: Universality and Diversity (The Hague/Boston/London, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2001).
13. The need to combine a dialogue among civilizations with internal debates in each society has long been emphasized by A.A. An-Na'im. E.g.A.A. AN-Na'im (ed.), Human Rights in Cross-Cultural Perspectives: A Quest for Consensus (Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1991), pp. 4-5.
14. Committee on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, General Comment N 3, E/1991/23.
15. See Eva Brems, "The Margin of Appreciation Doctrine of the European Court of Human Rights: Accomodating Diversity within Europe, " in David P. Forsythe and Patrice C. McMahon (eds.), Human Rights and Diversity: Area Studies Revisited, Lincoln/London, University of Nebraska Press, 2003, 81-110.
16. See Eva Brems, "The Margin of Appreciation Doctrine of the European Court of Human Rights: Accomodating Diversity within Europe, " in David P. Forsythe and Patrice C. McMahon (eds.), Human Rights and Diversity: Area Studies Revisited, Lincoln/London, University of Nebraska Press, 2003, 81-110.
17. See Eva Brems, "The Margin of Appreciation Doctrine of the European Court of Human Rights: Accomodating Diversity within Europe, " in David P. Forsythe and Patrice C. McMahon (eds.), Human Rights and Diversity: Area Studies Revisited, Lincoln/London, University of Nebraska Press, 2003, 81-110.
18. ECHR, Wingrove v. United Kingdom, 25 November 1996, Reports of Judgments and Decisions, 1996-V, w 58.
19. Article 11 bis, inserted by Act of 21 February 2002.