Risk of hepatitis B infections in Olympic wrestling

British Journal of Sports Medicine

Volumn 41, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 306-310

  Bereket Yucel S ^a  

^a CELAL BAYAR UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; VIRUS DNA;

ADULT; ANTIGEN DETECTION; ARTICLE; BLOOD ANALYSIS; BODY FAT; CONTACT SPORT; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS B VIRUS; HUMAN; INFECTION RISK; LEAN BODY WEIGHT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PREVALENCE; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SPORTING EVENT; SWEAT; TURKEY (REPUBLIC); WRESTLING;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; DNA, VIRAL; HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS; HEPATITIS B VACCINES; HUMANS; MALE; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RISK FACTORS; SWEATING; TURKEY; WOUNDS AND INJURIES; WRESTLING;

EID: 34247898778     PISSN: 03063674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2006.032847     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Beltrami EM, Williams IT, Shapiro CN, et al. Risk and management of blood-borne infections in health care workers. Clin Microbiol Rev 2000;13:385-407.
2. International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles. Health regulations, 2004. Available at http://www.fila-wrestling.com/images/documents/ reglements/REGLT-SAN-A.pdf (accessed 16 February 2007).
3. Medical Commission of the International Amateur Boxing Association. Medical handbook of amateur boxing, 2000. 6th edn. Available at http://www.eestipoksiliit.ee/est/dopingutestid_/medical_handbook. pdf?sess_admin=62f184634ddc756af1a7b67c4df7d7cf (accessed 16 February 2007).
4. International Federation of Sports Medicine. AIDS and sports, FIMS position statement, 1997.Available at http://www.fims.org/(accessed 1 February 2007).
5. World Health Organization. Hepatitis B, 2000.Available at http://www.who.int/inf-fs/en/fact204.html (accessed 1 February 2007).
6. The National Collegiate Athletic Association. 2003-04 NCAA Sports medicine handbook, 2003.Available at http://www.ncaa.org/library/ sports_sciences/sports_med_handbook/ (accessed 1 February 2007).
7. Sports Medicine Australia. Policy on infectious diseases with particular reference to HIV (AIDS) and viral hepatitis (B,C,etc), 2006.Available at http://www.sma.org.au/pdfdocuments/InfDisease.pdf (accessed 1 February 2007).
8. Kashiwagi S, Hayashi J, Ikematsu H, et al. An outbreak of hepatitis B in members of a high school sumo wrestling club. JAMA 1982;248:213-14.
9. Karjalainen J, Friman G, Blood-borne pathogens in sports. Ann Intern Med 1995;123:635-6.
10. Ringertz O, Zetterberg B. Serum hepatitis among Swedish track finders: an epidemiologic study. N Engl J Med 1967;276:540-6.
11. Tobe K, Matsuura K, Ogura T, et al. Horizontal transmission of hepatitis B virus among players of an American football team. Arch Intern Med 2000;160:2541-5.
12. Mast E, Goodman RA, Bond W, et al. Transmission of blood-borne pathogens during sports risk and prevention. Ann Intern Med, 1995;122, 283-5.
13. Boom R, Sol O, Heijtink R, et al. Rapid purification of hepatitis B virus DNA from serum. J Clin Microbiol 1991;29:1804- 11.
14. Allain JP. Occult hepatitis B virus infection. Transfusion Clinique et Biologique 2004;11:18-25.
15. Besisik F, Karaca Ç, Akyüz F, et al. Occult HBV infection and YMDD variants in hemodialysis patients with chronic HVC infection. J Hepatol 2003;38:506-10.
16. Torbenson M, Thomas DL. Occult hepatitis B. Lancet Infec Dis 2002;2:479-86.
17. Lok AS, McMahon BJ. Chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 2001;34:1225-41.
18. Yuen MF, Lai CL. Treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Lancet Infect Dis 2001;1:232-41.
19. Lindh M, Horal P, Dhillon AP, et al. Hepatitis B virus DNA levels, precore mutations, genotypes and histological activity in chronic hepatitis. J Viral Hepat 2000;77:258-67.
20. Martinot-Peignoux M, Boyer N, Colombat M. Serum hepatitis B virus DNA levels and higher histology in inactive HBsAg carriers. J Hepatol 2002;36:543-6.
21. Ghissetti V, Marzano A, Zamboni F, et al. Occult hepatitis B virus infection in HBsAg negative patients undergoing liver transplantation: clinical significance. Liver Transplan 2004;10:356-62.
22. Lo YM, Lo ES, Mehal WZ, et al. Geographical variation in prevalence of hepatitis B virus DNA in HBsAg negative patients. J Clin Pathol 1993;46:304-8.
23. De Maria N, Colantoni A, Freiedlandaer L. The impact of previous HBV infection on the course of chronic hepatitis. Am J Gasteroenterol 2000;95:3529-36.
24. Lok AS. Occult hepatitis B virus infection: diagnosis, implications and management? J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004;19:S114- 17.
25. Conjeevaram HS, Lok AS. Occult hepatitis B virus infection: a hidden menace? Hepatology 2001;34:204-6.
26. Lok AS, Heathcote EJ, Hoofnagle JH. Management of hepatitis B. Gastroenterology 2001;120:1828-53.
27. Robergs RA, Roberts SO. Exercise physiology; exercise, performance and clinical applications. St Louis-Missouri: Mosby-Year Book, 1997:398-407.
28. Scharhag J, Meyer T, Gabriel H, et al. Mobilization and oxidative burst of neutrophils are influenced by carbohydrate supplementation during prolonged cycling in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol 2002;87:584-7.
29. Shepherd RJ, Verde TJ, Thomas SG, et al. Physical activity and the immune system. Can J Appl Sport Sci 1991;16:163-85.
30. Shepherd RJ, Rhind S, Shek PN. Exercise and the immune sytem: natural killer cells, interleukins, and reponses. Sports Med 1994;18:340-68.
31. Appell HJ. Morphological alterations in myocardium after application of anabolic steroids. Int J Sports Med 1983;4:62.
32. Rich JD, Dickinson BP, Merriman NA, et al. Hepatitis C virus infection related to anabolic-androgenic steroid injection in a recreational weight lifter. Am J Gastroenterol 1998;93:1598.
33. Wands JR, Fujita YK, Isselbacher KJ, et al. Identification and transmission of a hepatitis B virus related variants. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1986;83:6608-12.
34. Harrington DW. Viral hepatitis and exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000;32:S422-30.