메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 7, 2007, Pages 634-645

Review of theory and practice of measuring proton activity and pH in concentrated chloride solutions and application to oxide leaching

Author keywords

Hydrometallurgy; Leaching; Oxide ores; Reaction kinetics

Indexed keywords

COMPLEXATION; LEACHING; OXIDES; PH EFFECTS; PROTONS; REACTION KINETICS;

EID: 34247853474     PISSN: 08926875     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2007.01.002     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (50)

References (43)
  • 1
    • 0001449135 scopus 로고
    • Computer calculation of liquid-junction potentials - I. Concentration profiles at junctions with concentrated KCl
    • Bagg J. Computer calculation of liquid-junction potentials - I. Concentration profiles at junctions with concentrated KCl. Electrochim. Acta 35 (1990) 361-365
    • (1990) Electrochim. Acta , vol.35 , pp. 361-365
    • Bagg, J.1
  • 2
    • 0001533288 scopus 로고
    • Computer calculation of liquid-junction potentials - II. Junction potentials for junctions with concentrated KCl
    • Bagg J. Computer calculation of liquid-junction potentials - II. Junction potentials for junctions with concentrated KCl. Electrochim. Acta 35 (1990) 367-370
    • (1990) Electrochim. Acta , vol.35 , pp. 367-370
    • Bagg, J.1
  • 3
    • 0000452158 scopus 로고
    • Activity measurements at high ionic strengths using halide-selective membrane electrodes
    • Bagg J., and Rechnitz G.A. Activity measurements at high ionic strengths using halide-selective membrane electrodes. Anal. Chem. 45 (1973) 271-276
    • (1973) Anal. Chem. , vol.45 , pp. 271-276
    • Bagg, J.1    Rechnitz, G.A.2
  • 6
    • 84942399302 scopus 로고
    • The modern meaning of pH
    • Bates R.G. The modern meaning of pH. Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. 10 (1981) 247-278
    • (1981) Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. , vol.10 , pp. 247-278
    • Bates, R.G.1
  • 7
    • 0001250295 scopus 로고
    • Ionic hydration and single ion activities in unassociated chlorides at high ionic strengths
    • Bates R.G., Staples B.R., and Robinson R.A. Ionic hydration and single ion activities in unassociated chlorides at high ionic strengths. Anal. Chem. 42 (1970) 867-871
    • (1970) Anal. Chem. , vol.42 , pp. 867-871
    • Bates, R.G.1    Staples, B.R.2    Robinson, R.A.3
  • 8
    • 0004258726 scopus 로고
    • Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York
    • Bell R.P. The Proton in Chemistry (1959), Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York
    • (1959) The Proton in Chemistry
    • Bell, R.P.1
  • 9
    • 0004284088 scopus 로고
    • Coetzee J.F., and Ritchie C.D. (Eds), Marcell-Dekker, New York
    • Boyd R.H. In: Coetzee J.F., and Ritchie C.D. (Eds). Solute Solvent Interactions (1969), Marcell-Dekker, New York
    • (1969) Solute Solvent Interactions
    • Boyd, R.H.1
  • 10
    • 34247861873 scopus 로고
    • Ion activities and zinc electrode reactions in calcium chloride solution
    • Breiivik T.R., and Hurlen T. Ion activities and zinc electrode reactions in calcium chloride solution. Acta Chem. Scand. A 32 (1978) 799-803
    • (1978) Acta Chem. Scand. A , vol.32 , pp. 799-803
    • Breiivik, T.R.1    Hurlen, T.2
  • 12
    • 0001183409 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics and mechanism of the acid dissolution of goethite
    • Cornell R.M., Posner A.M., and Quirk J.P. Kinetics and mechanism of the acid dissolution of goethite. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 38 (1976) 563-567
    • (1976) J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. , vol.38 , pp. 563-567
    • Cornell, R.M.1    Posner, A.M.2    Quirk, J.P.3
  • 13
    • 0042108619 scopus 로고
    • Recommendations for the determination of pH in sea water and estuarine waters
    • Covington A.K., and Whitfield M. Recommendations for the determination of pH in sea water and estuarine waters. Pure Appl. Chem. 60 (1988) 865-870
    • (1988) Pure Appl. Chem. , vol.60 , pp. 865-870
    • Covington, A.K.1    Whitfield, M.2
  • 14
    • 33646963869 scopus 로고
    • Hydrolysis of inorganic iron(III) salts
    • Flynn C.M. Hydrolysis of inorganic iron(III) salts. Chem. Rev. 84 (1984) 31-41
    • (1984) Chem. Rev. , vol.84 , pp. 31-41
    • Flynn, C.M.1
  • 15
    • 1642367308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric chloride leaching: the way forward for nickel laterites
    • TMS, Warrendale
    • Harris B., and Magee J. Atmospheric chloride leaching: the way forward for nickel laterites. Hydrometallurgy'2003 (2003), TMS, Warrendale 501-515
    • (2003) Hydrometallurgy'2003 , pp. 501-515
    • Harris, B.1    Magee, J.2
  • 18
    • 0001468111 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics and thermodynamics of Ni/Ni(II) reactions in concentrated solutions of nickel and calcium chlorides
    • Hurlen T. Kinetics and thermodynamics of Ni/Ni(II) reactions in concentrated solutions of nickel and calcium chlorides. Electrochim. Acta 20 (1975) 499-505
    • (1975) Electrochim. Acta , vol.20 , pp. 499-505
    • Hurlen, T.1
  • 19
    • 34247881560 scopus 로고
    • Ion activities of alkaline-earth chloride in aqueous solutions
    • Hurlen T. Ion activities of alkaline-earth chloride in aqueous solutions. Acta Chem. Scand. A33 (1979) 637-640
    • (1979) Acta Chem. Scand. , vol.A33 , pp. 637-640
    • Hurlen, T.1
  • 21
    • 0020807021 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of ionic activities in chloride systems at ambient and elevated temperatures
    • Jansz J.J.C. Estimation of ionic activities in chloride systems at ambient and elevated temperatures. Hydrometallurgy 11 (1983) 13-31
    • (1983) Hydrometallurgy , vol.11 , pp. 13-31
    • Jansz, J.J.C.1
  • 22
    • 51249183794 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of the activity of electrolytes and the application of activity to hydrometallurgical studies
    • Majima H., and Awakura Y. Measurement of the activity of electrolytes and the application of activity to hydrometallurgical studies. Metall. Trans. 12B (1981) 141-147
    • (1981) Metall. Trans. , vol.12 B , pp. 141-147
    • Majima, H.1    Awakura, Y.2
  • 24
    • 0022275489 scopus 로고
    • Leaching of oxides and sulphides in acidic chloride media
    • The Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, London
    • Majima H., and Awakura B. Leaching of oxides and sulphides in acidic chloride media. Extraction Metallurgy'85 (1985), The Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, London 607-627
    • (1985) Extraction Metallurgy'85 , pp. 607-627
    • Majima, H.1    Awakura, B.2
  • 25
    • 0040764082 scopus 로고
    • Determination of pH in highly saline waters
    • Marcus Y. Determination of pH in highly saline waters. Pure Appl. Chem. 61 (1989) 1133-1138
    • (1989) Pure Appl. Chem. , vol.61 , pp. 1133-1138
    • Marcus, Y.1
  • 27
    • 0022278245 scopus 로고
    • Principles and applications of strong salt solutions to mineral chemistry
    • Jones M.J. (Ed), Springer, London
    • Muir D.M., and Senanayake G. Principles and applications of strong salt solutions to mineral chemistry. In: Jones M.J. (Ed). Extraction Metallurgy'85 (1985), Springer, London 65-91
    • (1985) Extraction Metallurgy'85 , pp. 65-91
    • Muir, D.M.1    Senanayake, G.2
  • 28
    • 0042010100 scopus 로고
    • The effect of neutral salts on the Hammett acidity functions
    • Ojeda M., and Wyatt P. The effect of neutral salts on the Hammett acidity functions. J. Phys. Chem. 68 (1964) 1857-1862
    • (1964) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.68 , pp. 1857-1862
    • Ojeda, M.1    Wyatt, P.2
  • 29
    • 0017637494 scopus 로고
    • Applications of chloride hydrometallurgy to treatment of sulphide minerals
    • Benelux Metallurgie, Brussels
    • Peters E. Applications of chloride hydrometallurgy to treatment of sulphide minerals. Symposium on Chloride Hydrometallurgy (1977), Benelux Metallurgie, Brussels 1-37
    • (1977) Symposium on Chloride Hydrometallurgy , pp. 1-37
    • Peters, E.1
  • 32
    • 0042010098 scopus 로고
    • Acid-base equilibria in concentrated salt solutions. I. Potentiometric measurements, indicator measurements, and uncharged bases in dilute solutions
    • Rosenthal D., and Dwyer J.S. Acid-base equilibria in concentrated salt solutions. I. Potentiometric measurements, indicator measurements, and uncharged bases in dilute solutions. J. Phys. Chem. (1962) 2687-2691
    • (1962) J. Phys. Chem. , pp. 2687-2691
    • Rosenthal, D.1    Dwyer, J.S.2
  • 33
    • 0020704008 scopus 로고
    • Walden product, Stokes' law and water structure
    • Sadek H. Walden product, Stokes' law and water structure. J. Electroanal. Chem. 144 (1983) 11-32
    • (1983) J. Electroanal. Chem. , vol.144 , pp. 11-32
    • Sadek, H.1
  • 35
    • 0002680944 scopus 로고
    • Aziditat konzentrierter elektrolytlosungen
    • Schwabe K. Aziditat konzentrierter elektrolytlosungen. Electrochim. Acta 12 (1967) 67-93
    • (1967) Electrochim. Acta , vol.12 , pp. 67-93
    • Schwabe, K.1
  • 37
    • 0542372846 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the liquid junction potential corrections of electrolytes at aqueous + mixed solvent boundaries
    • Senanayake G., and Muir D.M. Studies on the liquid junction potential corrections of electrolytes at aqueous + mixed solvent boundaries. J. Electroanl. Chem. 237 (1987) 149-162
    • (1987) J. Electroanl. Chem. , vol.237 , pp. 149-162
    • Senanayake, G.1    Muir, D.M.2
  • 38
    • 0023829295 scopus 로고
    • Studies on liquid junction potentials in concentrated chloride solutions and determination of ionic activities and hydration numbers by the emf method
    • Senanayake G., and Muir D.M. Studies on liquid junction potentials in concentrated chloride solutions and determination of ionic activities and hydration numbers by the emf method. Electrochim. Acta 33 (1988) 3-9
    • (1988) Electrochim. Acta , vol.33 , pp. 3-9
    • Senanayake, G.1    Muir, D.M.2
  • 39
    • 1642402871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chloride processing of metal sulphides: review of fundamentals and applications
    • TMS, Warrendale
    • Senanayake G., and Muir D.M. Chloride processing of metal sulphides: review of fundamentals and applications. Hydrometallurgy'2003 (2003), TMS, Warrendale 517-531
    • (2003) Hydrometallurgy'2003 , pp. 517-531
    • Senanayake, G.1    Muir, D.M.2
  • 40
    • 0345987266 scopus 로고
    • Stability constants of metal complexes
    • Chemical Society, London
    • Sillen L.G., and Martell A.E. Stability constants of metal complexes. Chemical Society Special Publication vol. 17, and 26 (1964), Chemical Society, London
    • (1964) Chemical Society Special Publication , vol.17 and 26
    • Sillen, L.G.1    Martell, A.E.2
  • 42
    • 34247878951 scopus 로고
    • Single ion activity coefficients in concentrated aqueous hydrogen chloride solutions
    • Szabo Z.G., Barcza L., Ladanyi L., and Ruff I. Single ion activity coefficients in concentrated aqueous hydrogen chloride solutions. J. Electroanal. Chem. 71 (1976) 241-244
    • (1976) J. Electroanal. Chem. , vol.71 , pp. 241-244
    • Szabo, Z.G.1    Barcza, L.2    Ladanyi, L.3    Ruff, I.4
  • 43
    • 0038897396 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of liquid junction potentials and determination of pH values of strong acids at moderate ionic strengths
    • Wu Y.C., Feng D., and Koch W.F. Evaluation of liquid junction potentials and determination of pH values of strong acids at moderate ionic strengths. J. Solution Chem. 18 (1989) 641-649
    • (1989) J. Solution Chem. , vol.18 , pp. 641-649
    • Wu, Y.C.1    Feng, D.2    Koch, W.F.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.