Economic change and infant mortality in England, 1580-1837

Journal of Interdisciplinary History

Volumn 32, Issue 1, 2001, Pages 1-13

  Schellekens, Jona ^a  

^a HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM   (Israel)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 34247726310     PISSN: 00221953     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/00221950152103874     Document Type: Review

References (44)

1. For the early stages of the debate, see David J. Loschky, "Economic Change, Mortality and Malthusian Theory," Population Studies, XXX (1976), 439-452.
2. Thomas McKeown, The Modern Rise of Population (London, 1976);
3. Samuel H. Preston, "The Changing Relation between Mortality and Level of Economic Development," Population Studies, XXIX (1975), 231-248;
4. Simon Szreter, "The Importance of Social Intervention in Britain's Mortality Decline c. 1850-1914: A Re-interpretation of the Role of Public Health," Social History of Medicine, I (1988), 1-37;
5. Sumit Guha, "The Importance of Social Intervention in England's Mortality Decline: The Evidence Reviewed," Social History of Medicine, VI (1994), 89-113;
6. Ronald Lee, "Short-term Variation: Vital Rates, Prices, and Weather," in E. Anthony Wrigley and Roger S. Schofield, The Population History of England 1541-1871 (Cambridge, 1981), 356-401.
7. John D. Post, "Nutritional Status and Mortality in Eighteenth-century Europe," in Lucille F. Newman (ed.), Hunger in History: Food Shortage, Poverty and Deprivation (Oxford, 1990);
8. Patrick R. Galloway, "Annual Variations in Deaths by Age, Deaths by Cause, Prices, and Weather in London 1670-1830," Population Studies, XXXIX (1985), 500.
9. Lee, "Population Homeostasis and English Demographic History," Journal of Interdisciplinary History, XV (1985), 660;
10. Peter H. Lindert, "English Living Standards, Population Growth, and Wrigley-Schofield," Explorations in Economic History, XX (1983), 147;
11. Wrigley, Ros S. Davies, James E. Oeppen, and Schofield, English Population History from Family Reconstitution 1580-1837 (Cambridge, 1997), 552;
12. Wrigley and Schofield, Population History of England, 146.
13. Susan Scott and C. J. Duncan, "Malnutrition, Pregnancy, and Infant Mortality: A Biometric Model," Journal of Interdisciplinary History, XXX (1999), 37-60.
14. Richard Lalou, "Endogenous Mortality in New France: At the Crossroads of Natural and Social Selection," in Alain Bideau, Bertrand Desjardins, and Héctor Pérez Brignoli (eds.), Infant and Child Mortality in the Past (Oxford, 1997), 203-215;
15. Nicky Hart, "Beyond Infant Mortality: Gender and Stillbirth in Reproductive Mortality before the Twentieth Century," Population Studies, LII (1998), 215-229;
16. Scott and Duncan, "Malnutrition, Pregnancy, and Infant Mortality";
17. Jacques Dupâquier, "For a History of Prematurity," in Bideau, Desjardins, and Pérez Brignoli (eds.), Infant and Child Mortality in the Past, 190.
18. Beverley Winikoff, "Weaning: Nutrition, Morbidity, and Mortality Consequences," in Preston (ed.), Biological and Social Aspects of Mortality and the Length of Life (Liège, 1982), 129.
19. Chris Wilson, "The Proximate Determinants of Marital Fertility in England 1600-1799," in Lloyd Bonfield, Richard M. Smith, and Keith Wrightson (eds.), The World We Have Gained (Oxford, 1986), 203-230;
20. Wrigley, Davies, Oeppen, and Schofield, English Population History, 446;
21. Sara F. Matthews Grieco, "Breastfeeding, Wet Nursing and Infant Mortality in Europe (1400-1800)," in Pier Paolo Viazzo (ed.), Historical Perspectives on Breastfeeding (Florence, 1991), 15-62;
22. Valerie Fildes, "Historical Changes in Patterns in Breastfeeding," in Peter Diggory, Malcolm Potts, and Sue Teper (eds.), Natural Human Fertility: Social and Biological Determinants (London, 1988), 118-129.
23. Wrigley, Davies, Oeppen, and Schofield, English Population History, 239.
24. Peter Razzell, "The Growth of Population in Eighteenth-Century England: A Critical Reappraisal," Journal of Economic History, LIII (1993), 743-771;
25. Wrigley, Davies, Oeppen, and Schofield, English Population History, 98-110;
26. Steven Ruggles, "The Limitations of English Family Reconstitution: English Population History from Family Reconstitution 1580-1837," Continuity and Change, XIV (1999), 105-130;
27. Schellekens, "Irish Famines and English Mortality in the Eighteenth Century, "Journal of Interdisciplinary History, XXVII (1996), 29-42.
28. Wrigley and Schofield, Population History of England, 638-644;
29. J. A. Goldstone, "The Demographic Revolution in England: A Re-examination," Imputation Studies, XL (1986), 5-33.
30. Ann Kussmaul, A General View of the Rural Economy of England 1538-1840 (Cambridge, 1990);
31. Wrigley and Schofield, Population History of England, 528-529.
32. For the calculation, see Schellekens, "Nuptiality during the First Industrial Revolution in England: Explanations," Journal of Interdisciplinary History, XXVII (1997), Appendix, 653-654.
33. Ron Lesthaeghe, "On the Social Control of Human Reproduction," Population and Development Review, VI (1980), 502-548;
34. Richard M. Smith, "Fertility, Economy and Household Formation in England over Three Centuries," Population and Development Review, VII (1981), 595-622;
35. Schellekens, "Nuptiality during the First Industrial Revolution in England: Explanations," Journal of Interdisciplinary History, XXVII (1997), 637-654;
36. Wrigley, Davies, Oeppen, and Schofield, English Population History, 125.
37. Wrigley, Davies, Oeppen, and Schofield, English Population History, 134;
38. Desjardins, "Family Formation and Infant Mortality in New France," in Bideau, idem, and Pérez Brignoli (eds.), Infant and Child Mortality in the Past, 178.
39. Robert I. Woods, "On the Historical Relationship between Infant and Adult Mortality," Population Studies, XLVII (1993), 195-219.
40. Woods, P. A. Watterson, and J. H. Woodward, "The Causes of Rapid Infant Mortality Decline in England and Wales, 1861-1921 Part I," Population Studies, ibid, XLII (1988), 361;
41. Wrigley, Davies, Oeppen, and Schofield, English Population History, 223.
42. Scott and Duncan, "Malnutrition, Pregnancy, and Infant Mortality."
43. K. D. M. Snell, "Agricultural Seasonal Unemployment, The Standard of Living, and Women's Work in the South and East, 1690-1860," Economic History Review, XXXIV (1981), 407-437. Both neonatal mortality and kind of marriage seasonality are more strongly correlated with age at first marriage than each other, as would be expected if kind of marriage seasonality were to affect neonatal mortality through a missing variable that is strongly correlated with age at first marriage. We speculate that this variable is male unemployment.
44. John Landers, Death and the Metropolis: Studies in the Demographic History of London 1670-1830 (Cambridge, 1993), 24-25.