Mothers and authors: Johnson v. Calvert and the new children of our imaginations

Critical Inquiry

Volumn 22, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 613-633

  Rose, Mark ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 34247687725     PISSN: 00931896     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/448811     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Johnson v. Calvert, 19 Cal. Rptr.2d 494 (Cal. 1993)
2. cert. denied, 114 S.Ct 206 (1993)
3. In the Matter of Baby M, a Pseudonym for an Actual Person, 537 A.2d 1227 (N.J. 1988)
4. Mark Rose, Authors and Owners: The Invention of Copyright (Cambridge, Mass., 1993)
5. Martha Woodmansee, The Author, Art, ami the Market: Rereading the History of Aesthetics (New York, 1994)
6. Peter Jaszi, "Toward a Theory of Copyright: The Metamorphoses of'Authorship,'" Duke Law Journal 1991 (Apr. 1991): 455-502
7. Paul Goldstein, Copyright: Principles, Law, and Practice, 3 vols. (Boston, 1989), 1:57-226
8. Anthony L. Clapes, Patrick Lynch, and Mark R. Steinberg, "Silicon Epics and Binary Bards: Determining the Proper Scope of Copyright Protection for Computer Programs," UCLA Law Review 34 (June-Aug. 1987): 1493-1594
9. Moore v. Regents of the Univ. of Cal., 793 P.2d 479 (Cal. 1990)
10. cert, denied, 111 S.Ct. 1388 (1991)
11. Donna J. Haraway, "Universal Donors in a Vampire Culture: It's All in the Family: Biological Kinship Categories in the Twentieth-Century United States," in Uncommon Ground: Toward Reinventing Mature, ed. William Cronon (New York, 1995), pp. 321-66
12. Thomas Traian Moga, "Transgenic Animals as Intellectual Property (or the Patented Mouse That Roared)," Journal of the Patent and Trademark Office Society 76 (July 1994): 511-45
13. Janet L. Dolgin, 'Just a Gene: Judicial Assumptions about Parenthood," UCLA Law Review 40 (Feb. 1993): 685
14. Anna J. v. Mark C. et al., 286 Cal. Rptr. 369, 380 (Cal.App.4 Dist. 1991)
15. Andrea E. Stumpf, "Redefining Mother: A Legal Matrix for New Reproductive Technologies," Yale Law Journal 96 (Nov. 1986): 194, 195-96
16. Marjorie Maguire Shultz, "Reproductive Technology and Intent-Based Parenthood: An Opportunity for Gender Neutrality," Wisconsin Law Review, no. 2 (1990): 297-398
17. John Lawrence Hill, "What Does It Mean to Be a 'Parent'? The Claims of Biology as the Basis for Parental Rights," New York University Law Review 66 (May 1991): 353-420
18. Richard Doyle, "Vital Language," and Evelyn Fox Keller, "Master Molecules," in Are Genes Us? The Social Consequences of the New Genetics, ed. Carl F. Cranor (New Brunswick, N.J., 1994), pp. 52-68, 89-98
19. Keller, Re figuring Life: Metaphors of Twentieth-Century Biology (New York, 1995)
20. Iver P. Cooper, Biotechnology and the Law (Deerfield, 111., 1995), vol. 2, chap. 11, sec. 2.
21. Aristotle, "De Generatione Animalium," The Basic Works of Aristotle, trans. Arthur Platt, ed. Richard McKeon (New York, 1941), p. 678
22. Walter Pagel, "Medieval and Renaissance Contributions to Knowledge of the Brain and Its Functions," in The History and Philosophy of the Brain and Its Functions, ed. F. N. L. Poynter (Springfield, 111., 1958), pp. 95-114
23. Shakespeare, Love's Labors Lost, act 4, sc. ii, II. 68-70
24. Alexander Pope, The Prose Works of Alexander Pope: The Major Works, 1725-1744, ed. Rosemary Cowler [Hamden, Conn., 1986], p. 189
25. William Harvey, "Of Conception," Disputations Touching the Generation of Animals, trans, and ed. Gweneth Whitteridge (Oxford, 1981), p. 445
26. Ernst R. Curtius, European Literature and the Latin Middle Ages, trans. Willard R. Trask (London, 1953), pp. 132-34
27. Terry J. Castle, "Lab'ring Bards: Birth Topoi and English Poetics 1660-1820,"Journal of English and Germanic Philology 78 (Apr. 1979): 193-208
28. Elizabeth Sacks, Shakespeare's Images of Pregnancy (New York, 1980)
29. Susan Stanford Friedman, "Creativity and the Childbirth Metaphor: Gender Difference in Literary Discourse," in Speaking of Gender, ed. Elaine Showalter (New York, 1989), pp. 73-100
30. "From Paternity to Property: The Remetaphorization of Writing," in Cultural Agency/Cultural Authority, ed. Woodmansee and Jaszi (forthcoming).
31. Barbara Stafford "Conceiving," Body Criticism: Imaging the Unseen in Enlightenment Art and Medicine (Cambridge, Mass., 1991), pp. 211-79
32. Plato, Symposium, in The Dialogues of Plato, trans. Benjamin Jowett, 2 vols. (New- York, 1937), 1:333
33. Philip Sidney, Astrophil and Stella, in The Poems of Sir Philip Sidney, ed. William A. Ringler (Oxford, 1962), canto 1,1. 12, p. 165
34. Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, The Adventures of Don Quixote, trans. Walter Starkie (New York, 1964), p. 41
35. James Joyce, letter to Nora Barnacle Joyce, 21 Aug. 1912, Letters of James Joyce, ed. Stuart Gilbert and Richard Ellmann, 3 vols. (New York, 1957-66), 2:308
36. David Ladd, "The Harm of the Concept of Harm in Copyright," Journal of lhe Copyright Society of the U.S.A. 30 (June 1983): 426
37. Christine Battersby, Gender and Genius: Towards a Feminist Aesthetics (London, 1989)
38. Franchise Meltzer's stimulating Hot Property: The Slakes and Claims of Literary Originality (Chicago, 1993)
39. Aeschylus, The Eitmenides, in The Complete Greek Tragedies, trans. Richmond Lattimore, ed. David Grene and Lattimore, 4 vols. [Chicago, 1959], 11. 658-61, 1:158)
40. Laurence Sterne, The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, ed. James Aiken Work (Indianapolis, 1940), pp. 329-30
41. Judith Butler, Bodies That Matter: On the Discursive Limits of "Sex" (New York, 1993), esp. pp. 27-55
42. "Appellant's Opening Brief," 34-35, Anna J. v. Mark C. et al., on file at Los Angeles County Law Library
43. "Respondents' Brief," 22, Anna J. v. Mark C. et al., on file at Los Angeles County Law Library
44. Anna J. v. Mark C. et al., p. 380
45. Refiguring Life, esp. pp. 38-40
46. "Appellant's Reply," 2-4, Anna J. v. Mark C. el al, on file at Los Angeles County- Law Library
47. Randy Frances Kandel, "Which Came First: The Mother or the Egg? A Kinship Solution to Gestational Surrogacy," Rutgers Law Review 47 (Fail 1994): 165-239
48. Valerie Hartouni, "Breached Birth: Reflections on Race, Gender, and Reproductive Discourse in the 1980s," Configurations 1 (1994): 73-88
49. Catherine Gewertz, "Parents of Child Born to Surrogate Face Final Challenge," Los Angeles Times, 17 Apr. 1992, p. A29
50. See Thomas W. Laqueur, '"From Generation to Generation': Imagining Connectedness in the Age of Reproductive Technologies" (forthcoming). I am grateful to the author for sending me a manuscript copy of this essay
51. Michel Foucault, "What Is an Author?" trans. Josue V. Harari, The Foucaull Reader, ed. Paul Rabinow (New York, 1984), p. 118
52. Feist Publications, Inc. v. Rural Telephone Service Company, 111 S.Ct. 1282, 1287 (1991)
53. Goldstein, Copyright's Highway: From Gutenberg to the Celestial Jukebox (New York, 1994), p. 76
54. McDonald v. McDonald, 608 N.Y.S.2d 477 (A.D.2Dept. 1994)
55. Belsito el al. v. Clark el al., 67 Ohio Misc.2d 54, 59, 66 (Ohio 1994)
56. Jeffrey M. Place, "Gestational Surrogacy and the Meaning of 'Mother,'" Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy 17 (Summer 1994): 907-17, argues that the California Supreme Court readied the right conclusion for the wrong reasons; it should have decided the case on the basis of genetics
57. Carol Lowery Delaney, The Seed and the Soil: Gender and Cosmology in Turkish Village Society (Berkeley, 1991)
58. Elisabeth M. Landes and Richard A. Posner, "The Economics of the Baby Short- age," Journal of Legal Studies 7 (June 1978): 344