Winter food habits of Lagopus lagopus (Willow Ptarmigan) as a mechanism to explain winter sexual segregation

Northeastern Naturalist

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 89-98

  Elson, Leanne T ^a   Schwab, Francis E ^b   Simon, Neal P P ^c  

^a Western Newfoundland Model Forest   (Canada)

^b GIS Applications Specialist   (Canada)

^c Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Natural Resources   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AVES; LAGOPUS LAGOPUS; SALIX;

EID: 34247629367     PISSN: 10926194     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1656/1092-6194(2007)14[89:WFHOLL]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Alerstam, T., A. Hedenström, and S. Åkesson. 2003. Long-distance migration: Evolution and determinants. Oikos 103:247-260.
2. Andreev, A.V. 1991. Winter adaptations in the Willow Ptarmigan. Arctic 44:106-114.
3. Bergerud, A.T., and M.W. Gratson 1988. Survival and breeding strategies of grouse. Pp. 473-577, In A.T. Bergerud and M.W. Gratson (Eds.). Adaptive Strategies and Population Ecology of Northern Grouse. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN. 809 pp.
4. Bergerud, A.T., S.S. Peters, and R. McGrath. 1963. Determining sex and age of Willow Ptarmigan in Newfoundland. Journal of Wildlife Management 27:700-711.
5. Bryant, J.P., and P.J. Kuropat. 1980. Selection of winter forage by subarctic browsing vertebrates: The role of plant chemistry. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 11:261-285.
6. Canada Committee on Ecological Land Classification. 1989. Ecoclimate regions of Canada: First approximation. Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Hull, QC, Canada. Ecological Land Classification Series No. 23. 118 pp.
7. Consortium Gauthier and Guillemette - G.R.E.B.E. 1991. Complexe Grande-Baleine. Avant-projet Phase II. Utilisation des arbustaies sur le complexe La Grande et régime alimentaire des lagopèdes; rapport final présenté à Hydro-Québec, vice- présidence Environment. Le Consortium, Saint-Romauld, QC, Canada. Juillet 1991. 78 pp.
8. Fryxell, J.M., and A.R.E. Sinclair. 1988. Causes and consequences of migration by large herbivores. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 3:237-241.
9. Gardarsson, A. 1988. Cyclic populations and some related events in Rock Ptarmigan in Iceland. Pp. 300-329, In A.T. Bergerud and M.W. Gratson (Eds.). Adaptive Strategies and Population Ecology of Northern Grouse. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN. 809 pp.
10. Gardarsson, A., and R. Moss. 1970. Selection of food by Icelandic ptarmigan in relation to its food availability and nutritive value. Pp. 47-71, In A. Watson (Ed.). Animal Populations in Relation to Their Food Resources. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK. 477 pp.
11. Gasaway, W.C. 1976. Volatile fatty acids and metabolizable energy derived from cecal fermentation in the Willow Ptarmigan. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53:115-121.
12. nd Edition. Freeman and Company, New York, NY. 766 pp.
13. Gruys, R.C. 1993. Autumn and winter movements and sexual segregation of Willow Ptarmigan. Arctic 46:228-239.
14. Hannon, S.J., P.K. Eason, and K. Martin. 1998. Willow Ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus), In A. Poole and F. Gille (Eds.). The Birds of North America, No. 369 The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
15. Hannon, S.J., R.C. Gruys, and J.O. Schieck. 2003. Differential seasonal mortality of the sexes in Willow Ptarmigan in northern British Columbia, Canada. Wildlife Biology 9:317-326.
16. Lopoukhine, N., N.A. Prout, and H.E. Hirvonen. 1977. Ecological land classification of Labrador: A reconnaissance. Lands Directorate (Atlantic Region), Fisheries and Environment Canada, Halifax, NS, Canada. Ecological Land Classification Series No. 4. 85 pp.
17. Moss, R. 1972. Food selection by Red Grouse (Lagopus lagopus scoticus (Lath.)) in relation to chemical composition. Journal of Animal Ecology 41:411-428.
18. Moss, R. 1973. The digestion and intake of winter foods by wild ptarmigan in Alaska. Condor 75:293-300.
19. Moss, R. 1983. Gut size, body weight, and digestion of winter foods by grouse and ptarmigan. Condor 85:185-193.
20. Ryan, A.G. 1995. Native trees and shrubs of Newfoundland and Labrador. Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Environment and Lands, St. John's, NL. Park Interpretation Publication Number 14. 120 pp.
21. Savory, C.J. 1975. Seasonal variation in the food intake of captive Red Grouse. British Poultry Science 16:471-479.
22. Schwab, F.E., N.P.P. Simon, and S. Nash. 2005. Age and sex segregation of wintering Willow Ptarmigan in Labrador. Northeastern Naturalist 12:113-118.
23. Weeden, R.B. 1964. Spatial separation of sexes in Rock and Willow Ptarmigan in winter. Auk 81:534-541.
24. Weeden, R.B. 1969. Foods of Rock and Willow Ptarmigan in central Alaska with comments on interspecific competition. Auk 86:271-281.
25. West, G.C., and M.S. Meng. 1966. Nutrition of Willow Ptarmigan in northern Alaska. Auk 83:603-615.
26. Wilmshurst, J.F., J.M. Fryxell, B.P. Farm, A.R.E. Sinclair, and C.P. Henschel. 1999. Spatial distribution of Serengeti wildebeest in relation to resources. Canadian Journal of Zoology 77:1223-1232.
27. Wilton, W.C. 1965. The forests of Labrador. Department of Forestry Publication No. 1066. Queens Printer, Ottawa, ON, Canada. 72 pp.