Monitoring with a modified Robel pole on meadows in the central Black Hills of South Dakota

Western North American Naturalist

Volumn 67, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 46-50

  Uresk, Daniel W ^a   Benzon, Ted A ^b  

^a ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION   (United States)

^b South Dakota Department Game Fish and Parks   (United States)

Author keywords

Height density; Livestock; Obstruction; Prediction; Robel pole; Structure; Vegetation; Wildlife

Indexed keywords

EID: 34247624965     PISSN: 15270904     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3398/1527-0904(2007)67[46:MWAMRP]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. BALL, G.H., AND D.J. HALL. 1967. A clustering technique for summarizing multivariate data. Behavioral Science 12:153-155.
2. BEMENT, R.E. 1969. A stocking-rate guide for beef production on blue-grama range. Journal of Range Management 22:83-86.
3. BENKOBI, L., D.W. URESK, G. SCHENBECK, AND R.M. KING. 2000. Protocol for monitoring standing crop in grasslands using visual obstruction. Journal of Range Management 53:627-633.
4. DEL MOREL, R. 1975. Vegetation clustering by means of ISODATA: revision by multiple discriminant analysis. Vegetatio 29:179-190.
5. GANGULI, A.C., L.T. VERMEIRE, R.B. MITCHELL, AND M.C. WALLACE. 2000. Comparison of four nondestructive techniques for estimating standing crop in shortgrass plains. Agronomy Journal 92:1211-1215.
6. HEADY, H.F., AND R.D. CHILD 1994. Rangeland ecology and management. Westview Press, Boulder, CO. 519 pp.
7. HETTMANSPERGER, T.P., AND J.W. MCK EAN. 1998. Robust nonparametric statistical methods. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 467 pp.
8. HOFFMAN, G.R., AND R.R. ALEXANDER. 1987. Forest vegetation of the Black Hills National Forest of South Dakota and Wyoming: a habitat type classification. Research Paper RM-276. Fort Collins, CO: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 48 pp.
9. HOLECHEK, J.L., R.D. PIEPER, AND C.H. HERBEL. 1989. Range management: principles and practices. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. 501 pp.
10. MUELLER-DOMBOIS, D., AND H. ELLENBERG. 1974. Aims and methods of vegetation ecology. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 547 pp.
11. NAS-NRC. 1962. Basic problems and techniques in range research. National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Publication No. 890, Washington, DC. 341 pp.
12. NETER, J., W. WASSERMAN, AND W.H. KUTNER. 1989. Applied linear regression models. 2nd edition. Irwin, Homewood, IL. 667 pp.
13. ORR, H.K. 1959. Precipitation and stream flow in the Black Hills. Station Paper Rm-44, Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 25 pp.
14. PASE, C.P., AND J.F. THILENIUS. 1968. Composition, production, and site factors of some grasslands in the Black Hills of South Dakota. USDA Forest Service Research Note RM-103, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, CO. 8 pp.
15. PECHANEC, J.F., AND G.D. PICKFORD. 1937. A weight estimate method for determination of range or pasture production. Journal of the American Society of Agronomy 29:894-904.
16. ROBEL, R.J., J.N. BRIGGS, A.D. DAYTON, AND L.C. HULBERT. 1970. Relationships between visual obstruction measurements and weight of grassland vegetation. Journal of Range Management 23:295-297.
17. SAS. 2003. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC.
18. SEVERSON, K.E., AND C.E. BOLDT. 1977. Options for Black Hills Forest owners: timber, forage, or both. Rangeman's Journal 4:13-15.
19. SPSS. 2003. SPSS Base 12.0 for Windows User's Guide. SPSS, Inc. 703 pp.
20. THILENIUS, J.F. 1972. Classification of deer habitat in the ponderosa pine forest of the Black Hills, South Dakota. Research Paper RM-91, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, CO. 28 pp.
21. THOMAS, J.R., H.R. COSPER, AND W. BEVER. 1964. Effects of fertilizers on the growth of grass and its use by deer in the Black Hills of South Dakota. Agronomy Journal 56:223-226.
22. URESK, D.W., T.A. BENZON, K.E. SEVERSON, AND L. BENKOBI. 1999. Characteristics of white-tailed deer fawn beds, Black Hills, South Dakota. Great Basin Naturalist 59:348-354.
23. URESK, D.W., C.B. EDMINISTER, AND K.E. SEVERSON. 2000. Wood and understory production under a range of pondersoa pine stocking levels, Black Hills, South Dakota. Western North American Naturalist 60:93-97.
24. URESK, D.W., AND K.E. SEVERSON. 1998. Response of understory species to changes in ponderosa pine stocking levels in the Black Hills. Great Basin Naturalist 58:312-327.
25. VERMEIRE, L.T., A.C. GANGULL, AND R.L. GILLEN. 2002. A robust model for estimating standing crop across vegetation types. Journal of Range Management 55:494-497.
26. VERMEIRE, L.T., AND R.L. GILLEN. 2001. Estimating herbage standing crop with visual obstruction in tall grass prairie. Journal of Range Management 54:57-60.
27. VOLESKY, J.D., W.H. SCHACHT, AND P.E. REECE. 1999. Leaf area, visual obstruction, and standing crop relationships on Sandhills rangeland. Journal of Range Management 52:494-499.