Depressive symptoms in the very old living alone: Prevalence, incidence and risk factors

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

Volumn 22, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 361-366

  Wilson, Kenneth ^a   Mottram, Patricia ^b   Sixsmith, Andrew ^b  

^a St Catherine's Hospital   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Community; Depression; Housing; Incidence; Living alone; Prevalence; Risk factors; Very old

Indexed keywords

AGE; AGED; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DAILY LIFE ACTIVITY; DEPRESSION; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; ELDERLY CARE; FEMALE; FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT; FOLLOW UP; GERIATRIC DEPRESSION SCALE; GERONTOPSYCHIATRY; HEALTH STATUS; HOME ENVIRONMENT; HOUSING; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; INCIDENCE; INCOME; INFORMATION PROCESSING; LIFE SATISFACTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MARRIAGE; PREVALENCE; PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING; RISK FACTOR; SCORING SYSTEM; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; SOCIAL ISOLATION; WIDOW;

ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DEPRESSION; ENGLAND; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT; HEALTH STATUS; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; MENTAL STATUS SCHEDULE; PERSONAL AUTONOMY; PERSONAL SATISFACTION; PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT; QUALITY OF LIFE; RISK FACTORS; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; SOCIALIZATION;

EID: 34247554875     PISSN: 08856230     EISSN: 10991166     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/gps.1682     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Arthur A, Jagger C, Lindsay J, et al. 1999. Using an annual over-75 health check to screen for depression: validation of the short Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS 15) within General Practice. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 14(6): 431-439.
2. Beekman ATF, Copeland JRM, Prince MJ. 1999. Review of the community prevalence of depression in later life. Br J Psychiatry 174: 307-311.
3. Bergdahl E, Gustavsson J, Kallin K, et al. 2005. Depression among the oldest old: the Umea 85+study. Int Psychogeriatr 17(4): 557-575.
4. Crawford MJ, Prince M, Menzes P, et al. 1998. The recognition and treatment of depression in older people in primary care. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 13: 172-176.
5. D'Ath P, Katona P, Mullan E, et al. 1994. Screening, detection and management of depression in elderly priamary care attenders. 1. The acceptability and performance of the 15 item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS15) and the development of short versions. Fam Pract 11(3): 260-266.
6. Eccles M, Clarke J, Livingston M, et al. 1998. North of England evidence based guidelines development project: guideline for primary care management of dementia. BMJ 317: 802-802.
7. Fange A, Iwarsson S. 1999. Physical housing environment-development of a self-assessment instrument. Can J Occupat Therapy 66(5): 250-260.
8. Forsell Y, Jorm AF, Von Strausee E, Winblad B. 1995. Prevalence and correlates of depression in a population of nonagenarians Br J Psychiatry 167: 61-64.
9. Gallo J, Rabins P, Lyketsos C, et al. 1997. Depression without sadness: functional outcomes of non-dysphoric depression in late life. J Am Geriatr Soc 45: 570-578.
10. Herrmann N, Mittmann N, Silver I, et al. 1996. A validation study of the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 11: 457-460.
11. Heywood F, Pate A, Means R, et al. 1999. Housing Options for Older People: Report on a Developmental Project to Refine Housing Option Appraisal Tool for use by Older People. Elderly Accommodation Counsel: London.
12. Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S, Klar J. 1988. Goodness of fit test for logistic regression model when estimated probabilities are small. Biometric J 30: 911-924.
13. Iwarsson S, Isacsson A. 1997. Quality of life in the elderly population: An example exploring interrelationships among subjective well-being, ADL dependence and housing accessibility. Arch Gerontolog Geriatr 26: 171-183.
14. Iwarsson S, Lanke J. 2004. Alternative data treatment principles for categorical ADL data. Int Rehab Res 27(3): 1-7.
15. Iwarsson S, Wahl H, Nygren C. 2004. Challenges of cross-national housing research with older persons: lessons from the ENABLE-AGE project. Eur J Ageing 1: 79-88.
16. Livingston G, Hawkins A, Graham N, et al. 1990. The Gospal Oak Study: prevalence rates of dementia, depression and activity limitation among elderly residents in Inner London. Psycholog Med 20: 137-146.
17. National Institute for Clinical Excellence. 2004. Depression: Management of depression in primary and secondary care. Clinical Guideline 23. NICE: London.
18. National Statistics. 2006. Social Trends. www.statistics.gov.uk.
19. Newman JP, Engle RJ. 1991. Age differences in depressive experinces. J Gerontolog 46: 224-235.
20. Osborn D, Fletcher A, Smeeth L, et al. 2002. Geriatric depression Scale Scores in a representative sample of 1454 people aged 75 and over in the United Kingdom: esults from the MRC trail of assessment and management of older people in the community. Int J Geriatr Psyciatry 17: 375-382.
21. Prince MJ, Harwood RH, Thomas A, Mann A. 1998. A prospective population-based cohort study of the effects of disablement and social milieu on the onset and maintenance of late life depression. The Gospal Oak Project VII. Psychol Med 28: 337-350.
22. Shiekh J, Yesavage J. 1986. Geriatric Depression Scale: recent findings and development of a short version. In Clinical Gerontology: A Guide to Assessment and Intervention, Brink T (ed.). Howarth Press: New York.
23. Stek ML, Gussekloo J, Beckman ATF, et al. 2004. Prevalence, correlates and recognition of depression in the oldest old: The Leiden 85 plus study. J Affect Disord 78: 193-200.
24. Stek M, Vinkers D, Gussekloo J, et al. 2006. Natural history of depression in the oldest old. Population based prospective study. Br J Psychiatry 188: 65-69.
25. Stewart R, Prince M, Harwood R, et al. 2002. Quality of accommodation and risk of depression in later life: an analysis of prospective data from the Gospel Oak Project. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 17(12): 1091-1098.
26. Tibblin G, Bengtsson C, Furunes B, Lapidus L. 1990. Symptoms by age and sex. The population studies of men and women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Scand J Prim Health Care 8: 9-17.
27. Vinkers DJ, Gussekloo J, Stek M, et al. 2004. Temporal relationship between depression and cognitive impairment in old age: prospective population based study. BMJ 329: 881.
28. Wilson K, Chen R, Taylor S, et al. 1999. Socio-economic deprivation and the prevalence and prediction of depression in older community residents. Br J Psychiatry 176: 549-553.
29. Zarit SH, Eemia E, Gatz M, Johansson B. 1999. Prevalence, incidence and correlates of depression in the oldest old: The Octo study. Ageing Mental Health 3(2): 119-128.