Recommendations and considerations related to preparticipation screening for cardiovascular abnormalities in competitive athletes: 2007 Update: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association council on nutrition, physical activity, and metabolism: Endorsed by the American College of Cardiology foundation

Circulation

Volumn 115, Issue 12, 2007, Pages 1643-1655

  Maron, Barry J ^a   Thompson, Paul D ^a   Ackerman, Michael J ^a   Balady, Gary ^a   Berger, Stuart ^a   Cohen, David ^a   Dimeff, Robert ^a   Douglas, Pamela S ^a   Glover, David W ^a   Hutter Jr , Adolph M ^a   Krauss, Michael D ^a   Maron, Martin S ^a   Mitten, Matthew J ^a   Roberts, William O ^a   Puffer, James C ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

AHA Scientific Statement; Automated external defibrillators; Cardiomyopathy; Death, sudden; Electrocardiography; Exercise; Genetics; Prevention

Indexed keywords

AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR; BRUGADA SYNDROME; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CAUSE OF DEATH; CORONARY ARTERY ANOMALY; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DISEASE COURSE; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; HEART RIGHT VENTRICLE DYSPLASIA; HUMAN; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; LEGAL ASPECT; LONG QT SYNDROME; MALPRACTICE; MEDICARE; NUTRITION; PHYSICAL EXAMINATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SCREENING TEST; SUDDEN DEATH;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; CARDIOMYOPATHY, HYPERTROPHIC; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHILD; DEATH, SUDDEN, CARDIAC; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; EUROPE; EXERTION; FEMALE; GUIDELINE ADHERENCE; HEART DEFECTS, CONGENITAL; HUMANS; MALE; MASS SCREENING; PREVALENCE; SPORTS; SPORTS MEDICINE; UNITED STATES; VOLUNTARY WORKERS;

EID: 34247482349     PISSN: 00097322     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.181423     Document Type: Review

References (61)

1. Maron BJ. Sudden death in young athletes. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:1064-1075.
2. Maron BJ. Sudden death in young athletes: lessons from the Hank Gathers affair. N Engl J Med. 1993;329:55-57.
3. Burke AP, Farb V, Virmani R, Goodin J, Smialek JE. Sports-related and non-sports-related sudden cardiac death in young adults. Am Heart J. 1991;121:568-575.
4. Maron BJ, Carney KP, Lever HM, Lewis JF, Barac I, Casey SA, Sherrid MV. Relationship of race to sudden cardiac death in competitive athletes with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41:974-980.
5. Maron BJ. How should we screen competitive athletes for cardiovascular disease? Eur Heart J. 2005;26:428-430. Editorial.
6. Maron BJ, Shirani J, Poliac LC, Mathenge R, Roberts WC, Mueller FO. Sudden death in young competitive athletes: clinical, demographic, and pathological profiles. JAMA. 1996;276:199-204.
7. Van Camp SP, Bloor CM, Mueller FO, Cantu RC, Olson HG. Nontraumatic sports death in high school and college athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995;27:641-647.
8. Corrado D, Basso C, Thiene G, McKenna WJ, Davies MJ, Fontaliran F, Nava A, Silvestri F, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Wlodarska EK, Fontaine G, Camerini F. Spectrum of clinicopathologic manifestations of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia: a multicenter study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;30:1512-1520.
9. Thiene G, Nava A, Corrado D, Rossi L, Pennelli N. Right ventricular cardiomyopathy and sudden death in young people. N Engl J Med. 1988;318:129-133.
10. Maron BJ, Gohman TE, Aeppli D. Prevalence of sudden cardiac death during competitive sports activities in Minnesota high school athletes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;32:1881-1884.
11. Basso C, Maron BJ, Corrado D, Thiene G. Clinical profile of congenital coronary artery anomalies with origin from the wrong aortic sinus leading to sudden death in young competitive athletes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35:1493-1501.
12. Maron BJ. Cardiovascular risks to young persons on the athletic field. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:379-386.
13. Maron BJ, Thompson PD, Puffer JC, McGrew CA, Strong WB, Douglas PS, Clark LT, Mitten MJ, Crawford MH, Atkins DL, Driscoll DJ, Epstein AE. Cardiovascular preparticipation screening of competitive athletes: a statement for Health Professionals from the Sudden Death Committee (Clinical Cardiology) and Congenital Cardiac Defects Committee (Cardiovascular Disease in the Young), American Heart Association. Circulation. 1996;94:850-856.
14. Estes NAM III, Link MS, Cannom D, Naccarelli GV, Prystowsky EN, Maron BJ, Olshansky B; Expert Consensus Conference on Arrhythmias in the Athlete of the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. Report of the NASPE policy conference on arrhythmias and the athlete. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2001;12:1208-1219.
15. Maron BJ, Zipes DP. 36th Bethesda Conference: eligibility recommendations for competitive athletes with cardiovascular abnormalities. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;45:1312-1375.
16. Corrado D, Pelliccia A, Bjørnstad HH, Vanhees L, Biffi A, Borjesson M, Panhuyzen-Goedkoop N, Deligiannis A, Solborg E, Dugmore D, Mellwig KP, Assanelli D, Delise P, van-Buuren F, Anastasakis A, Heidbuchel H, Hoffman E, Fagard R, Priori SG, Basso C, Arbustini E, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, McKenna WJ, Thiene G. Cardiovascular pre-participation screening of young competitive athletes for prevention of sudden death: proposal for a common European protocol: consensus statement of the Study Group of Sport Cardiology of the Working Group of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology and the Working Group of Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2005;26:516-524.
17. Pelliccia A, Fagard R. Bjørnstad HH, Anestassakis A, Arbustini E, Assanelli D, Biffi A, Borjesson M, Carrè F, Corrado D, Delise P, Dorwarth U, Hirth A, Heidbuchel H, Hoffmann E, Mellwig KP, Panhuyzen-Gooedkoop N, Pisani A, Solberg E, van-Buuren F, Vanhees L. A European Society of Cardiology consensus document: recommendations for competitive sports participation in athletes with cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J. 2005;26:1422-1445.
18. Corrado D, Basso C, Shiavon M, Thiene G. Screening for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in young athletes. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:364-369.
19. Corrado D, Basso C, Pavei A, Michieli P, Schiavon M, Thiene G. Trends in sudden cardiovascular death in young competitive athletes after implementation of a preparticipation screening program. JAMA. 2006;296:1593-1601.
20. Maron BJ, Pelliccia A. The heart of trained athletes: cardiac remodeling and the risks of sports, including sudden death. Circulation. 2006;114:1633-1644.
21. Maron BJ, Douglas PS, Graham TP, Nishimura RA, Thompson PD. Task Force 1: preparticipation screening and diagnosis of cardiovascular disease in athletes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;45:1322-1326.
22. Drezner JA, Rogers KJ. Sudden cardiac arrest in intercollegiate athletes: detailed analysis and outcomes of resuscitation in nine cases. Heart Rhythm. 2006;3:755-759.
23. Best TM. The preparticipation evaluation: an opportunity for change and consensus. Clin J Sport Med. 2004;14:107-108.
24. Bundy DG, Fuedtner C. Preparticipation physical evaluations for high school athletes: time for a new game plan. Ambul Pediatr. 2004;4:260-263.
25. Preparticipation Physical Evaluation. 3rd ed. Minneapolis, Minn: McGraw-Hill/The Physician and Sports-Medicine; 2005.
26. IOC Medical Commission, International Olympic Committee. Sudden Cardiovascular Death in Sport: Lausanne Recommendations: Preparticipation Cardiovascular Screening. December 10, 2004. Available at: http://multimedia. olympic.org/pdf/en_report_886.pdf. Accessed December 15, 2004.
27. Bille K, Schamasch P, Brenner JI, Kappenberger L, Meijboom FJ, Meijboom EJ. Sudden deaths in athletes: the basics of the "Lausanne Recommendations" of the International Olympic Committee. Circulation. 2005;112(suppl II):II-830. Abstract.
28. Maron BJ, Ackerman MJ, Nishimura RA, Pyeritz RE, Towbin JA, Udelson JE. Task Force 4: HCM and other cardiomyopathies, mitral valve prolapse, myocarditis, and Marfan syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;45:1340-1345.
29. Maron BJ, Chaitman BR, Ackerman MJ, Bayés de Luna A, Corrado D, Crosson JE, Deal BJ, Driscoll DJ, Estes NAM III, Araújo CG, Liang DH, Mitten MJ, Myerburg RJ, Pelliccia A, Thompson PD, Towbin JA, Van Camp SP. American Heart Association Scientific Statement: recommendations for physical activity and recreational sports participation for young patients with genetic cardiovascular diseases. Circulation. 2004;109:2807-2816.
30. Maron BJ, Araújo CG, Thompson PD, Fletcher GF, Bayés de Luna A, Fleg JL, Pelliccia A, Balady GJ, Furlanello F, Van Camp SP, Elosua R, Chaitman BR, Bazzarre TL. Recommendations for preparticipation screening and the assessment of cardiovascular disease in masters athletes: an advisory for healthcare professionals from the working groups of the World Heart Federation, the International Federation of Sports Medicine, and the American Heart Association Committee on Exercise, Cardiac Rehabilitation, and Prevention. Circulation. 2001;103:327-334.
31. Maron BJ, Shen W-K, Link MS, Epstein AE, Almquist AK, Daubert JP, Bardy GH, Favale S, Rea RF, Boriani G, Estes NAM III, Casey SA, Spirito P. Efficacy of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators for the prevention of sudden death in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:365-373.
32. Maron BJ. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a systematic review. JAMA. 2002;287:1308-1320.
33. Maron BJ, Epstein SE, Roberts WC. Causes of sudden death in competitive athletes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1986;7:204-214.
34. Roberts WO, Maron BJ. Evidence for decreasing occurrence of sudden cardiac death associated with the marathon. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46:1373-1374.
35. Maron BJ, Gohman TE, Kyle SB, Estes NAM III, Link MS. Clinical profile and spectrum of commotio cordis. JAMA. 2002;287:1142-1146.
36. Maron BJ, Gardin JM, Flack JM, Gidding SS, Kurosaki TT, Bild DE. Prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a general population of young adults: echocardiographic analysis of 4111 subjects in the CARDIA Study: Coronary Artery Risk Development in (Young) Adults. Circulation. 1995;92:785-789.
37. Kaplan NM, Gidding SS, Pickering TG, Wright JT Jr. Task Force 5: Systemic hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;45:1346-1348.
38. Colucci M. Part I: organization of sport (Italy). §2, IV (Sports Doctors). In: Hendrickx F, ed. International Encyclopaedia of Laws: Sports Law. New York, NY: Aspen Publishers; 2004:29-31.
39. Mitten MJ. Emerging legal issues in sports medicine. St John's L Rev. 2002;76:5-86.
40. Dobbs DB. The Law of Torts. St Paul, Minn: West Group; 2000:§247, 645-647.
41. Knapp v. Northwestern University, 101 F3d 473 (7th Cir 1996), cert denied, 520 US 1274 (1997).
42. Maron BJ, Mitten MJ, Quandt EK, Zipes DP. Competitive athletes with cardiovascular disease: the case of Nicholas Knapp. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:1632-1635.
43. Mitten MJ. Team physicians and competitive athletes: allocating legal responsibility for athletic injuries. Univ Pitt L Rev. 1993;55:129-160.
44. Paterick TE, Paterick TJ, Fletcher GF, Maron BJ. Medical and legal issues in the cardiovascular evaluation of competitive athletes. JAMA. 2005;294:3011-3018.
45. Glover DW, Maron BJ. Profile of preparticipation cardiovascular screening for high school athletes. JAMA. 1998;279:1817-1819.
46. Glover DW, Glover DW, Maron BJ. Evolution over 8 years of the US preparticipation screening process for unsuspected cardiovascular disease in US high school athletes. Circulation. 2006;114(suppl II):II-502. Abstract.
47. Pfister GC, Puffer JC, Maron BJ. Preparticipation cardiovascular screening for US collegiate student-athletes. JAMA. 2000;283:1597-1599.
48. Harris KM, Sponsel A, Hutter AM Jr, Maron BJ. Cardiovascular screening practices of major North American professional sports teams. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145:507-511.
49. Choo JK, Abernethy WB III, Hutter AM Jr. Electrocardiographic observations in professional football players. Am J Cardiol. 2002;90:198-200.
50. Abernethy WB, Choo JK, Hutter AM Jr. Echocardiographic characteristics of professional football players. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41:280-284.
51. Maron MS, Olivotto I, Zenovich AG, Link MS, Pandian NG, Kuvin JT, Nistri S, Cecchi F, Udelson JE, Maron BJ. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is predominantly a disease of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Circulation. 2006;114:2232-2239.
52. Maron BJ, McKenna WJ, Danielson GK, Kappenberger LJ, Kuhn HJ, Seidman CE, Shah PM, Spencer WH III, Spirito P, ten Cate FJ, Wigle ED. American College of Cardiology/European Society of Cardiology clinical expert consensus document on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a report of the American College of Cardiology Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines, Committee to Develop an Expert Consensus Document on Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;42:1687-1713.
53. Montgomery JV, Harris KM, Casey SA, Zenovich AG, Maron BJ. Relation of electrocardiographic patterns to phenotypic expression and clinical outcome in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol. 2005;96:270-275.
54. Lewis JF, Maron BJ, Diggs JA, Spencer JE, Mehrotra PP, Curry CL. Preparticipation echocardiographic screening for cardiovascular disease in a large, predominantly black population of collegiate athletes. Am J Cardiol. 1989;64:1029-1033.
55. Maron BJ, Bodison SA, Wesley YE, Tucker E, Green KJ. Results of screening a large group of intercollegiate competitive athletes for cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1987;10:1214-1221.
56. Fuller CM. Cost effectiveness analysis of screening of high school athletes for risk of sudden cardiac death. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;32:887-890.
57. Tanaka Y, Yoshinaga M, Anan R, Tanaka Y, Nomura Y, Oku S, Nishi S, Kawano Y, Tei C, Arima K. Usefulness and cost effectiveness of cardiovascular screening of young adolescents. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006;38:2-6.
58. Corrado D, Basso C, Rizzoli G, Schiavon M, Thiene G. Does sports activity enhance the risk of sudden death in adolescents and young adults? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;42:1959-1963.
59. Maron BJ, Estes NAM III, Maron MS, Almquist AK, Link MS, Udelson JE. Primary prevention of sudden death as a novel treatment strategy in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2003;107:2872-2875.
60. Pelliccia A, Maron BJ. Preparticipation cardiovascular evaluation of the competitive athlete: perspectives from the 30-year Italian experience. Am J Cardiol. 1995;75:827-829.
61. Maron BJ, Thompson PD, Puffer JC, McGrew CA, Strong WB, Douglas PS, Clark LT, Mitten MJ, Crawford MD, Atkins DL, Driscoll DJ, Epstein AE. Cardiovascular preparticipation screening of competitive athletes: addendum: an addendum to a statement for health professionals from the Sudden Death Committee (Council on Clinical Cardiology) and the Congenital Cardiac Defects Committee (Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young), American Heart Association. Circulation. 1998;97:2294.