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The Doppler broadening of the radar echo due to rotation of the target is B = (4πD/λP) sin α, where B is the limb-to-limb bandwidth of the echo, D is the target diameter producing the Doppler shift at the current viewing geometry and rotation phase, λ is the radar wavelength, P is the spin period of the target, and α is the inclination of the spin axis to the line of sight.
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The Doppler broadening of the radar echo due to rotation of the target is B = (4πD/λP) sin α, where B is the limb-to-limb bandwidth of the echo, D is the target diameter producing the Doppler shift at the current viewing geometry and rotation phase, λ is the radar wavelength, P is the spin period of the target, and α is the inclination of the spin axis to the line of sight.
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34247357202
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Resolution in time delay, and equivalently range, is achieved by transmitting a time-dependent signal and analyzing the received signal according to arrival time. The time increment τ used in the transmitted signal yields a range resolution cτ/2, where c is the speed of light.
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Resolution in time delay, and equivalently range, is achieved by transmitting a time-dependent signal and analyzing the received signal according to arrival time. The time increment τ used in the transmitted signal yields a range resolution cτ/2, where c is the speed of light.
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20
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34247350190
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We typically define the limb-to-limb bandwidth as the full width of the radar echo at the level of twice the root mean square (RMS) of the off-DC, off-target noise. The exception is the strong 2004 Arecibo data, for which we use 10 times the RMS as the threshold to avoid contributions from frequency sidelobes
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We typically define the limb-to-limb bandwidth as the full width of the radar echo at the level of twice the root mean square (RMS) of the off-DC, off-target noise. The exception is the strong 2004 Arecibo data, for which we use 10 times the RMS as the threshold to avoid contributions from frequency sidelobes.
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21
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34247394822
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This assumes PH5 is a principal axis (PA) rotator where the spin axis remains fixed in inertial space and aligned with the axis of maximum moment of inertia. The spin axis of PH5 must then be oriented such that the angles it makes with the lines of sight satisfy the observed bandwidths (17, The damping time scale (28) to PA rotation for PH5 is of order 0.1 million years
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This assumes PH5 is a principal axis (PA) rotator where the spin axis remains fixed in inertial space and aligned with the axis of maximum moment of inertia. The spin axis of PH5 must then be oriented such that the angles it makes with the lines of sight satisfy the observed bandwidths (17). The damping time scale (28) to PA rotation for PH5 is of order 0.1 million years.
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22
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34247365252
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Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online.
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Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online.
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23
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34247400064
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The spin state solution is also validated by the phase agreement of infrared lightcurves from the Spitzer Space Telescope with synthetic lightcurves produced with our shape 27
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The spin state solution is also validated by the phase agreement of infrared lightcurves from the Spitzer Space Telescope with synthetic lightcurves produced with our shape (27).
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24
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0030815509
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We thank the staffs of the Arecibo Observatory and the Goldstone Solar System Radar for their support in performing this research. The Arecibo Observatory is part of the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center, which is operated by Cornell University under a cooperative agreement with NSF. Some of this work was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. This material is based in part on work supported by NASA under the Science Mission Directorate Research and Analysis Programs. P.A.T. and J.L.M. were partially supported by NASA grant NNG04GN31G. The work of P.P. and D.V. was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic. D.J.S. acknowledges support from the NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program. S.C.L. and A.F. acknowledge support from the Leverhulme Trust and PPARC, respectively. C.M. was partially supported by NSF grant AST-0205975. The International Astronomical Union has approved the name YORP for asteroi
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We thank the staffs of the Arecibo Observatory and the Goldstone Solar System Radar for their support in performing this research. The Arecibo Observatory is part of the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center, which is operated by Cornell University under a cooperative agreement with NSF. Some of this work was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. This material is based in part on work supported by NASA under the Science Mission Directorate Research and Analysis Programs. P.A.T. and J.L.M. were partially supported by NASA grant NNG04GN31G. The work of P.P. and D.V. was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic. D.J.S. acknowledges support from the NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program. S.C.L. and A.F. acknowledge support from the Leverhulme Trust and PPARC, respectively. C.M. was partially supported by NSF grant AST-0205975. The International Astronomical Union has approved the name YORP for asteroid (54509) 2000 PH5.
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