Concepts in the care and welfare of captive elephants

International Zoo Yearbook

Volumn 40, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 63-79

  Veasey, J ^a  

^a NONE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Digestive strategies; Elephant care; Elephant welfare; Facilities; Guidelines; Health; Husbandry; Management; Social groups; Standards; Zoos

Indexed keywords

EID: 34247328827     PISSN: 00749664     EISSN: 17481090     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1090.2006.00063.x     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Archer, J. (1979): Animal under stress. Studies in biology: 108. London: Edward Arnold.
2. Carlstead, K. & Brown, J. L. (2005): Relationships between patterns of fecal corticoid excretion and behaviour, reproduction, and environmental factors in captive black (Diceros bicornis) and white (Ceratotherium simum) rhinoceros. Zoo Biology 24: 215 – 232.
3. Carruthers, P. (1989): Brute experience. The Journal of Philosophy LXXXVI: 258 – 269.
4. Carruthers, P. (1992): The animal issue. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5. Clubb, R. & Mason, G. (2003): A review of the welfare of zoo elephants in Europe. Report commissioned by the RSPCA. Oxford: University of Oxford, Animal Behaviour Research Group.
6. Dantzer, R. (1986): Behavioural, physiological and functional aspects of stereotyped behaviour: A review and a reinterpretation. Journal of Animal Science 62: 1776 – 1786.
7. Dawkins, M. S. (1983): Battery hens name their price: Consumer demand theory and the measurement of ethological ‘needs’. Animal Behaviour 31: 1195 – 1205.
8. DETR (2000): Secretary of State’s standards of modern zoo practice. London: Department of the Environment, Transport and Regions.
9. Douglas-Hamilton, I. (1972): On the ecology and behaviour of the African elephant. PhD thesis, University of Oxford, UK.
10. Estes, R. D. (1992): The behaviour guide to African mammals. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
11. Fowler, M. E. (2001): An overview of foot condition in Asian and African elephants. In The elephant’s foot: 3 – 7. Csuti, B., Sargent, E. L. & Bechert, U. S Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press.
12. Fraser, A. F. & Broom, D. M. (1990). Farm animal behaviour and animal welfare. London: Baillere Tindal.
13. Hameed, K. & Gibson, T. (1997): A comparison of the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic disease amongst Pakistanis living in England and Pakistan. British Journal of Rheumatology 36: 781 – 785.
14. Harrison, P. (1991): Do animals feel pain Philosophy 66: 25 – 40.
15. Jainudeen, M. R., McKay, G. M. & Eisenberg, J. F. (1972): Observations on musth in the domesticated Asiatic elephant (Elephas maximus). Mammalia 36: 247 – 261.
16. Kingdon, J. (1997). The Kingdon field guide to African mammals. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
17. Kudo, H. & Dunbar, R. I. M. (2001): Neocortex size and social network in primates. Animal Behaviour 62: 711 – 722.
18. Laws, R. M., Parker, I. S. C. & Johnstone, R. C. B. (1975): Elephants and their habitats: The ecology of elephants in North Bunyoro, Uganda. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
19. Martin, G. (1979): Zur Kafighaltung von Legehennen. Eine Stellugnahme aus Sict der Verhalten-swissenschaft. In Intesivhaltung von Nutzieren aus ethischer, rechtlicher und ethologischer Sicht: 101 – 122. Teutsch, G. M., Von Loeper, E., Martin, G. & Muller, J. Basel: Birkauser.
20. Mason, G. J. (1991a): Stereotypies: A critical review. Animal Behaviour 41: 1015 – 1037.
21. Mason, G. J. (1991b): Stereotypes and suffering. Behavioural Processes 25: 103 – 116.
22. Mason, G. J. & Mendl, M. (1993): Why is there no simple way of measuring animal welfare Animal Welfare 2: 301 – 319.
23. McComb, K., Moss, C., Sayialel, S. & Baker, L. (2000): Unusually extensive networks of vocal recognition in African elephants. Animal Behaviour 59: 1103 – 1109.
24. McComb, K., Reby, D., Baker, L., Moss, C. & Sayialel, S. (2003): Long-distance communication of acoustic cues to social identity in African elephants. Animal Behaviour 65: 317 – 329.
25. Mikota, S. K., Sargent, E. L. & Ranglack, G. S. (1994): Medical management of the elephant. West Bloomfield, MI: Indira Publishing House.
26. Nowak, R. M. (1991): Walker’s mammals of the world (5th edn). London: The John Hopkins University Press.
27. Schmidt, M. (1986): Elephants (Proboscidae). In Zoo and wild animal medicine (2nd edn): 883 – 923. Fowler, M. E Philadelphia, PA: W. B. Saunders Company.
28. Schneck, M. (1997): Elephants: The gentle giants of Africa and Asia. London: Parkgate Books.
29. Stevenson, M. & Walter, O. (Compilers), (Eds) (2006): Management guidelines for the welfare of zoo animals: Elephants (Loxodonta africana) and (Elephas maximus) (2nd edn). London: The British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums.
30. Sukumar, R. (1992): The Asian elephant: Ecology and management. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
31. Thorpe, W. H. (1965): The assessment of pain and distress of animals in intensive livestock husbandry systems. In Report of the technical committee to enquire into the welfare of animals kept under intensive livestock husbandry systems Appendix III: 71 – 79. London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office.
32. Thorpe, W. H. (1967): Discussion to part II. In Environmental control in poultry production: 125 – 134. Carter, T. C Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd.
33. Veasey, J. S. (1993): An investigation in the behaviour of captive tigers (Panthera tigris) and the effect of the enclosure upon their behaviour. BSc thesis, University of London, UK.
34. Veasey, J. S. (2005): Whose zoo is it anyway? Integrating animal, human and institutional requirements in exhibit design. In Innovation or replication? Proceedings of the 6th international symposium on zoo design: 7 – 16. Plowman, A. B. & Tonge, S. J Paignton: Whitley Wildlife Conservation Trust, Paignton Zoo.
35. Veasey, J. S. & Hammer, G. (In press): Mixed species exhibits. Wild mammals in captivity. Chicago, IL: Chicago University Press.
36. Veasey, J. S., Waran, N. K & Young, R. J. (1996a): On comparing the behaviour of zoo housed animals with wild conspecefics as a welfare indicator. Animal Welfare 5: 13 – 24.
37. Veasey, J. S., Waran, N. K & Young, R. J. (1996b): On comparing the behaviour of zoo housed animals with wild conspecifics as a welfare indicator, using the giraffe as a model. Animal Welfare 5: 139 – 153.
38. Wiese, R. J. & Willis, K. (2004): Calculation of longevity and life expectancy in captive elephants. Zoo Biology 23: 365 – 373.
39. Wuichet, J. & Norton, B. G. (1995): Differing concepts of animal welfare. In Ethics on the ark: zoos, animal welfare and wildlife conservation: 235 – 252. Norton, B. G., Hutchins, M., Stevens, E. F. & Maple, T. L Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.