Effeminacy, ethnicity and the end of trauma: The sufferings of 'shell-shocked' men in Great Britain and Ireland, 1914-39

Journal of Contemporary History

Volumn 35, Issue 1, 2000, Pages

  Bourke, Joanna ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 34247296452     PISSN: 00220094     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/002200940003500106     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (49)

1. Private Arthur H. Hubbard, 'Letters Written May-November 1916', letters to 'Mother and All', dated 5 and 7 July 1916, in Imperial War Museum (hereafter IWM) Con Shelf
2. Unnamed man quoted in E.E. Southard, Shell-Shock and Other Neuro-Psychiatric Problems Presented in Five Hundred and Eighty-N ine Case Histories from the War Literature, 1914-1918 (Boston 1919), 463
3. 'Captain B' quoted in Harvey Cushing, From a Surgeon's Journal 1915-1918 (London 1936), 489-90
4. E. Lucas of the 1 st Devons, writing in the scrapbook of the nurse Dorothy Scholes, 'Papers', Wigan Archives Service D/DZ EHC
5. J.S.M. Ward, A Subaltern in Spirit Land (London 1920), 239
6. G. Elliott Smith and T.H. Pear, Shell-Shock and its Lessons (Manchester 1919), 2
7. Lieutenant-General Sir Charles Burtchaell, 'Disease as Affecting Success in the War', Transactions of the Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland, xxxvii (1920), 540
8. Joanna Bourke, An Intimate History of Killing: Face-to-Face Killing in Twentieth-Century Warfare (London 1999)
9. Professor Tom M. Kettle, The Ways of War (London 1917), 171
10. John T. MacCurdy, War Neuroses (Cambridge 1918), 14
11. Michael MacDonagh, The Irish on the Somme (London 1917), 63
12. 'Random Shots', Returned Soldier, 21 May 1918, 47
13. Thomas W. Salmon, The Care and Treatment of Mental Diseases and War Neuroses ('Shell Shock') in the British Army (New York 1917), 525
14. George Rutherford Jeffery, 'Some Points of Interest in Connection with the Psychoneurosis of War', The Journal of Mental Science, lxvi, 273 (April 1920), 140
15. Private Herbert Fiveash, 'Private Memories: A Family Legacy', 129, Australian War Memorial Archives (hereafter AWM) Mss. 1217
16. Millais Culpin, Recent Advances in the Study of the Psychoneuroses (London 1931), 3 1
17. Dr G. Roussey and J. L'hermitte, The Psychoneuroses of War (London 1917), 105
18. For instance, see J.W. Springthorpe, '12 Months Service at the Front', 26 April 1916, 7, in AWM27/376[19]
19. F.W. Mott, 'Two Addresses on War Psycho-Neurosis (I) Neurasthenia: The Disorders and Disabilities of Fear', The Lancet, 26 January 1918, 128
20. Joanna Bourke, "'Irish Tommies": The Construction of a Martial Manhood 1914-1918', Bullan, 6 (February 1998), 13-30
21. 'Insanity in Ireland', The Lancet, 26 September 1914, 811
22. Rowland Feilding, War Letters to a Wife. France and Flanders, 1915-1919 (London 1929), 196-7, letter to his wife dated 14 June 1917. Also see 175
23. Brigadier W. Carden Roe, 'Memoirs', 8-9, IWM 77/165/1
24. M.D. Eder, War-Shock. The Psycho-Neuroses in War: Psychology and Treatment (London 1917), 17
25. 'Memorandum on Conference of Neurological DCS MS Held at Headquarters on Friday, June 17th 1921', 3, in PRO PIN 15/56
26. Dr P.L. Forward in 'Provision of Employment for Ex-Service Men in Ireland', 3, 11 March 1921 in PRO PIN 15/899
27. For a detailed discussion, see Joanna Bourke, Dismembering the Male: Men's Bodies, Britain and the Great War (London and Chicago 1996)
28. For example, see the brutal description in Lewis R. Yealland, Hysterical Disorders of Warfare (London 1918), 97-101
29. 'Questions and Answers. House of Commons, 7 July 1921' in PRO PIN 15/56
30. M.D. Eder, 'An Address on the Psycho-Pathology of the War Neuroses', The Lancet, ii (12 August 1916), 264-5
31. 'Captain B' quoted in Harvey Gushing, From a Surgeon's Journal 1915-1918 (London 1936), 490
32. th Year (Bristol 1920), 253
33. 'Neurasthenia and Allied Disabilities. Memorandum for the Guardians of Medical Officers, MSInstruction No. 50', 1931, PRO PIN 15/2947
34. 'Special Medical Board', 2, quoting John Collie, in PRO PIN 15/54
35. Letter from Mrs J. Williams to The Right Hon. The Viscount Milner, dated 25 August 1917, in PRO PIN 15/886
36. 'Questions and Answers. House of Commons, 11 December 1924', question by Sir Herbert Nield, in PRO PIN 15/2499
37. R.H. Norgate, 'The Effects of the War on the Mental Condition of the Citizens of Bristol', The Bristol Medico-Chimrpcal Journal, March 1920, 106-7
38. T.W. Standwell, 'Are You a Potential Post-War Criminal?', Health and Strength, 24 January 1920, 62
39. 'Special Investigation of Scottish Cases', 2 in PRO PIN 15/58
40. Dr H.E. McConnely's report from the West Midland Region in PIN 15/56 - memorandum, 1921, 2
41. Noteby H. Sugars, Staff, DCMS, Ireland (South Region), 21 March 1921
42. appended to a letter from C.K. Darnell, Ministry of Pensions, Ulster Region, 14 March 1921, in PRO PIN15/899
43. Dr P.L. Forward in 'Provision of Employment for Ex-Service Men in Ireland', 1,11 March 1921, in PRO PIN 15/899
44. 'Memorandum on Conference of Neurological Deputy Commissioners of Medical Services Held at Headquarters on Friday, June 17th, 1921', 2, in PRO PIN15/56
45. 'Craigavon Neurasthenic Hospital for Soldiers, Belfast', British Medical Journal, 28 July 1917, 132
46. The Proposed Sanatorium at Craigavon, Belfast', British Medical Journal, 5 June 1920, 783
47. Letter from H. Sugars of the Ministry of Pensions, Ireland (South) to Dr J.H. Hebb, Ministry of Pensions, London, 24 November 1921, in PRO PIN 15/56
48. J.H. Pollock, 'A Case of Psycho-Neurosis', Irish Journal of Mental Science, 6th series (1928), 168-71
49. Millais Curpin, Psychoneuroses of War and Peace (Cambridge 1920), 79