New material of Procolophon (Parareptilia: Procolophonoidea) from the Lower Triassic of Brazil, with remarks on the ages of the Sanga do Cabral and Buena Vista formations of South America

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences

Volumn 43, Issue 11, 2006, Pages 1685-1693

  Dias da Silva, Sérgio ^a,b   Modesto, Sean Patrick ^c   Schultz, Cesar Leandro ^d  

^a UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO TOCANTINS   (Brazil)

^b UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PAMPA   (Brazil)

^c CAPE BRETON UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^d FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL   (Brazil)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMALS; DECAY (ORGANIC); GEOMORPHOLOGY; MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM;

TAPHONOMIC DISPARITY; TETRAPODS; VERTEBRAE;

BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS PRESERVATION;

CRANIUM; NEW SPECIES; PRESERVATION; REPTILE; SKULL; TAPHONOMY; TETRAPOD; TRIASSIC;

BRAZIL; SOUTH AMERICA; URUGUAY;

LYSTROSAURUS; PARAREPTILIA; PROCOLOPHON; PROCOLOPHONOIDEA; SANGA; SYNAPSIDA; TETRAPODA;

EID: 34247226562     PISSN: 00084077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/E06-043     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Abdala, F., Dias-da-Silva, S., and Cisneros, J.C. 2002. First record of non-mammalian cynodonts (Therapsida) in the Sanga do Cabral Formation (Early Triassic) of Southern Brazil. Palaeontologia Africana, 38: 92-97.
2. Andreis, R., Bossi, G.E., and Montardo, D.K. 1980. O Grupo Rosário do Sul (Triássico) no Rio Grande do Sul. In Anais do XXXI Congresso Brasileiro de Geologia, Camboriú, Santa Catarina. Edited by O.A. Monaco. Sociedade Brasileira de Geologia, São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 659-673.
3. Andreis, R., Ferrando, L., and Herbst, R. 1996. Terrenos carboníferos y pérmicos de la República Oriental del Uruguay. In El Sistema Pérmico en Argentina y Uruguay. Edited by S. Archangelsky. Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Córdoba, pp. 309-343.
4. Bossi, J., and Navarro, R. 1991. Geología del Uruguay. Departamento de Publicaciones, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
5. Broili, F., and Schröder, J. 1936. Beobachtungen an Wirbeltieren der Karrooformation. XXI. Über Procolophon Owen. Verlag der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, pp. 239-256.
6. Carroll, R.L., and Lindsay, W. 1985. The cranial anatomy of the primitive reptile Procolophon. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 22: 1571-1587.
7. Cisneros, J.C., and Schultz, C.L. 2002. Procolophon brasiliensis n. sp., a new procolophonid reptile from the Lower Triassic of southern Brazil. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte, 2002: 641-648.
8. Cisneros, J.C., Damiani, R., Schultz, C., da Rosa, A., Schwanke, C., Neto, L.W., and Aurélio, P.L.P. 2004. A procolophonoid reptile with temporal fenestration from the Middle Triassic of Brazil. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 271: 1541-1546.
9. Colbert, E.H. 1946. Hypsognathus, a Triassic reptile from New Jersey. Bulletin of the American Museum Natural History, 86: 225-274.
10. Colbert, E.H., and Kitching, J.W. 1975. The Triassic reptile Procolophon in Antarctica. American Museum Novitates, 2566, pp. 1-23.
11. deBraga, M. 2003. The postcranial skeleton, phylogenetic position, and probable lifestyle of the Early Triassic reptile Procolophon trigoniceps. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 40: 527-556.
12. Dias-da-Silva, S. 1998. Novos achados de vertebrados fósseis na Formação Sanga do Cabral (Eotriássico da Bacia do Paraná). Acta Geologica Leopoldensia, 21: 101-108.
13. Dias-da-Silva, S., Marsicano, C., and Schultz, C.L. 2005. Early Triassic temnospondyl skull fragments from southern South America (Paraná Basin, Brazil). Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia, 8: 165-172.
14. Dias-da-Silva, S., Marsicano, C., and Schultz, C.L. 2006. Rhytidosteid temnospondyls in Gondwana: a new taxon from the Lower Triassic of Brazil. Palaeontology, 49: 381-390.
15. Dilkes, D.W., and Reisz, R.R. 1996. First record of a basal synapsid ('mammal-like reptile') in Gondwana. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 263: 1165-1170.
16. Gow, C.E. 1975. The morphology and relationships of Youngina capensis Broom and Prolacerta broomi Parrington. Palaeontologia Africana, 18: 89-131.
17. Gow, C.E. 1977. Tooth function and succession in the Triassic reptile Procolophon trigoniceps. Palaeontology, 20: 695-704.
18. Gow, C.E. 2000. A new procolophonid (Parareptilia) from the Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zone, Beaufort Group, South Africa. Palaeontologia Africana, 36: 21-23.
19. Groenewald, G.H., and Kitching, J.W. 1995. Biostratigraphy of the Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zone. In Biostratigraphy of the Beaufort Group (Karoo Supergroup). Edited by B.S. Rubidge. South African Committee for Stratigraphy, Pretoria, South Africa, pp. 35-39.
20. Hamley, T., and Thulborn, T. 1993. Temporal fenestration in the primitive Triassic reptile Procolophon. In The nonmarine Triassic. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin, 3: 171-174.
21. Ivachnenko, M.F., and Kurzanov, S.M. 1979. Mesenosaurus, a primitive archosaur. Paleontological Journal, 12: 139-141.
22. Jin, Y., Wardlaw, B.R., Glenister, B.F., and Kotlyar, G.V. 1997. Permian chronostratigraphic subdivisions. Episodes, 20: 6-10.
23. Kemp, T.S. 1974. The braincase and associated structures of the cotylosaur reptile Procolophon trigoniceps Owen. Annals of the South African Museum, 64: 11-26.
24. King, G.M. 1988. Anomodontia. In Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie, Teil 17C. Edited by P. Wellnhofer. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany.
25. Langer, M.C., and Schultz, C.L. 1997. Further comments on the Brazilian protorosaurs. In XIII Jornadas Argentinas de paleontologia de vertebrados. Ameghiniana, 34: 537.
26. Langer, M.C., and Lavina, E.L. 2000. Os amniotas do Neopermiano e Eotriássico da Bacia do Paraná - répteis c "répteis mamaliformes". In Paleontologia do Rio Grande do Sul. Edited by M. Holz and L.F. De Ros. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Centro de Investigação do Gonduana, CIGO/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil, pp. 210-235.
27. Laurin, M. 1991. The osteology of a Lower Permian eosuchian from Texas and a review of diapsid phylogeny. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 101: 59-95.
28. Laurin, M., and Reisz, R.R. 1995. A reevaluation of early amniote phylogeny. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 113: 165-223.
29. Lavina, E.L. 1983. Procolophon pricei sp. n., um novo réptil procolofonídeo do Triássico do Rio Grande do Sul. Iheringia, Série Geologia, 9: 51-78.
30. Lucas, S.G. 2002. Tetrapods and the subdivision of Permian time. In Carboniferous and Permian of the World. Edited by L.V. Hills, C.M. Henderson, and E.W. Bamber. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir, 19: 479-491.
31. Marsicano, C., Perea, D., and Ubilla, M. 2000. A new temnospondyl amphibian from the Lower Triassic of South America. Alcheringa, 24: 119-123.
32. Modesto, S.P., and Sues, H.-D. 2004. The skull of the Early Triassic archosauromorph reptile Prolacerta broomi and its phylogenetic significance. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 140: 335-351.
33. Modesto, S., Sidor, C.A., Rubidge, B.S., and Welman, J. 2001. A second varanopseid skull from the Upper Permian of South Africa: implications for Late Permian 'pelycosaur' evolution. Lethaia, 34: 249-259.
34. Modesto, S.P., Damiani, R.J., and Sues, H.-D. 2002. A reappraisal of Coletta seca, a basal procolophonoid reptile from the Lower Triassic of South Africa. Palaeontology, 45: 883-895.
35. Neveling, J. 2004. Stratigraphic and sedimentological investigation of the contact between the Lystrosaurus and Cynognathus assemblage zones (Beaufort Group: Karoo Supergroup). Council for Geoscience Bulletin, 137: 1-165.
36. Neveling, J., Rubidge, B.S., and Hancox, P.J. 1999. A lower Cynognathus Assemblage Zone fossil from the Katberg Formation (Beaufort Group, South Africa). South African Journal of Science, 95: 555-556.
37. Owen, R. 1876. Descriptive and illustrated catalogue of the fossil Reptilia of South Africa in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum of Natural History, London, England.
38. Piñeiro, G., Verde, M., Ubilla, M., and Ferigolo, J. 2003. First basal synapsids ("pelycosaurs") from the Upper Permian - ?Lower Triassic of Uruguay, South America. Journal of Paleontology, 77: 389-392.
39. Piñeiro, G., Rojas, A., and Ubilla, M. 2004. A new procolophonoid (Reptilia, Parareptilia) from the Upper Permian of Uruguay. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 24: 814-821.
40. Reisz, R.R. 1977. Petrolacosaurus, the oldest known diapsid reptile. Science, 196: 1091-1093.
41. Reisz, R.R. 1989. Two small reptiles from a Late Pennsylvanian quarry near Hamilton, Kansas. In Regional geology and paleontology of Upper Paleozoic Hamilton Quarry area in southeastern Kansas. Edited by G.K Mapes and R.H. Mapes. Kansas Geological Survey, University of Kansas, 6, pp. 189-194.
42. Reisz, R.R., and Berman, D.S. 2001. The skull of Mesenosaurus romeri a small varanopseid (Synapsida: Eupelycosauria) from the Upper Permian of the Mezen River basin, northern Russia. Annals of Carnegie Museum, 70: 113-132.
43. Reisz, R.R., and Dilkes, D.W. 2003. Archaeovenator hamiltonensis, a new varanopid (Synapsida: Eupelycosauria) from the Upper Carboniferous of Kansas. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 40: 667-678.
44. Reisz, R.R., Dilkes, D.W., and Berman, D.S. 1998. Anatomy and relationships of Elliotsmithia longiceps Broom, a small synapsid (Eupelycosauria: Varanopseidae) from the Late Permian of South Africa. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 18: 602-611.
45. Reisz, R.R., Modesto, S.P., and Scott, D. 2000. Acanthotoposaurus bremneri and the origin of the Triassic archosauromorph reptile fauna of South Africa. South African Journal of Science, 96: 443-445.
46. Scherer, C.M., Faccini, U.F., and Lavina, E.L. 2000. Arcabouçoestratigráfico do Mesozóico da Bacia do Paraná. In Geologia do Rio Grande do Sul. Edited by M. Holz and L.F. De Ros. CIGO/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil, pp. 335-354.
47. Small, B.J. 1997. A new procolophonid from the Upper Triassic of Texas, with a description of tooth replacement and implantation. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 17: 674-678.
48. Smith, R., and Botha, J. 2005. The recovery of terrestrial vertebrate diversity in the South African Karoo Basin after the end-Permian extinction. Comptes Rendus Paleovol, 4: 555-568.
49. Souto-Ribeiro, A.W., and Holz, M. 1998. The Early Triassic Sanga do Cabral (Paraná Basin, Brazil) and Katberg Sandstone (Karoo Basin, South Africa) formations: a possible 'taphocorrelation'. In Gondwana 10: event stratigraphy of Gondwana. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 27(1-A): 189.
50. Sues, H.-D., Olsen, P.E., Scott, D.M., and Spencer, P.S. 2000. Cranial osteology of Hypsognathus fenneri, a latest Triassic procolophonid reptile from the Newark Supergroup of eastern North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 20: 275-284.
51. Sumida, S.S., and Modesto, S.P. 2001. A phylogenetic perspective on locomotory strategies in early amniotes. American Zoologist, 41: 586-597.
52. Ward, P.D., Montgomery, D.R., and Smith, R. 2000. Altered river morphology in South Africa related to the Permian-Triassic extinction. Science, 289: 1740-1743.
53. Watson, D.M.S. 1914. Procolophon trigoniceps, a cotylosaurian reptile from South Africa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1914: 735-747.
54. Zerfass, H., Lavina, E.L., Schultz, C.L., Garcia, A.J.V., Faccini, U.F., and Chemale, F., Jr. 2003. Sequence stratigraphy of continental Triassic strata of southernmost Brazil: a contribution to southwestern Gondwana palaeogeography and palaeoclimate. Sedimentary Geology, 161: 85-105.