Anisotropy of age-related toughness loss in human cortical bone: A finite element study

Journal of Biomechanics

Volumn 40, Issue 7, 2007, Pages 1606-1614

  Ural, Ani ^a   Vashishth, Deepak ^a  

^a RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Aging; Cortical bone; Finite element method; Fracture toughness; Transverse crack growth

Indexed keywords

BONE; COMPUTER SIMULATION; CRACK PROPAGATION; FINITE ELEMENT METHOD; FRACTURE TOUGHNESS; MAMMALS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS;

CORTICAL BONE; TRANSVERSE CRACK GROWTH;

ANISOTROPY;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; ANISOTROPY; ARTICLE; BIOMECHANICS; BONE GROWTH; CORTICAL BONE; FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS; FRACTURE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SIMULATION; THEORETICAL MODEL;

AGING; ANISOTROPY; BONE DENSITY; FEMUR; FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS; FRACTURES, BONE; HUMANS; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL;

EID: 34247142037     PISSN: 00219290     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.07.023     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. ABAQUS. Version 6.5 (2004), ABAQUS Inc., Providence, RI
2. Allen G.J. Longitudinal stress fractures of the tibia: diagnosis with CT. Radiology 167 (1988) 799-801
3. Ashman R.B., Cowin S.C., Van Buskirk W.C., and Rice J.C. A continuous wave technique for the measurement of the elastic properties of cortical bone. Journal of Biomechanics 17 (1984) 349-361
4. Barenblatt G.I. The mathematical theory of equilibrium of cracks in brittle fracture. Advances in Applied Mechanics 7 (1962) 55-129
5. Behiri J.C., and Bonfield W. Crack velocity dependence of longitudinal fracture in bone. Journal of Materials Science 15 (1980) 1841-1849
6. Behiri J.C., and Bonfield W. Orientation dependence of the fracture mechanics of cortical bone. Journal of Biomechanics 22 (1989) 863-872
7. Bonfield W., Grynpas M.D., and Young R.J. Crack velocity and the fracture of bone. Journal of Biomechanics 11 (1978) 473-479
8. Brown C.U., Yeni Y., and Norman T.L. Fracture toughness is dependent on bone location- a study of femoral neck, femoral shaft, and the tibial shaft. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 49 (2000) 380-389
9. Burr D.B., Forwood M.R., Fyhrie D.P., Martin R.B., Schaffler M.B., and Turner C.H. Bone microdamage and skeletal fragility in osteoporotic and stress fractures. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 12 (1997) 6-15
10. Burr D.B., Schaffler M.B., and Frederickson R.G. Composition of the cement line and its possible mechanical role as a local interface in human compact bone. Journal of Biomechanics 21 (1988) 939-945
11. Burstein A.H., Reilly D.T., and Martens M. Aging of bone tissue:mechanical properties. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 58A (1976) 82-86
12. Camacho G.T., and Ortiz M. Computational modeling of impact damage in brittle materials. International Journal of Solids and Structures 33 (1996) 2899-2938
13. Carter D.R., and Hayes W.C. Compact bone fatigue damage: a microscopic examination. Clinical Orthopaedic Related Research 127 (1977) 265-274
14. Currey J.D. Three analogies to explain the mechanical properties of bone. Biorheology 2 (1964) 1-10
15. Dugdale D.S. Yielding of steel sheets containing slits. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 8 (1960) 100-104
16. E399-90. Standard test method for plane-strain fracture toughness of metallic materials (2000), American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia
17. Evans A.G., He M.-Y., and Hutchinson J.W. Interface debonding and fiber cracking in brittle matrix composites. Journal of American Ceramic Society 72 (1989) 2300-2303
18. Feng Z., Rho J., Han S., and Ziv I. Orientation and loading condition dependence of fracture toughness in cortical bone. Materials Science and Engineering C 11 (2000) 41-46
19. Guo X.E., He M.-Y., and Goldstein S.A. Understanding Cement Line Interface in Bone Tissue: A Linear Fracture Mechanics Approach vol. 29 (1995), American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Bioengineering Division (Publication) BED pp. 303-304
20. Hazenberg J.G., Taylor D., and Lee T.C. Mechanisms of short crack growth at constant stress in bone. Biomaterials 27 (2006) 2114-2122
21. He M.-Y., and Hutchinson J.W. Crack deflection at an interface between dissimilar elastic materials. International Journal of Solids and Structures 25 (1989) 1053-1067 Concrete Research 6, 773-782
22. Hiller L.P., Stover S.M., Gibson V.A., Gibeling J.C., Prater C.S., Hazelwood S.J., Yeh O.C., and Martin R.B. Osteon pullout in the equine third metacarpal bone: effects of ex vivo fatigue. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 21 (2003) 481-488
23. Hillerborg A., Modeer M., and Petersson P.E. Analysis of crack formation and crack growth in concrete by means of fracture mechanics and finite elements. Cement and Concrete Research 6 (1976) 773-782
24. Hui S., Slemanda C.W., and Johnston C.C. Age and bone mass as predictors of fracture in a prospective study. Journal of Clinical Investigation 81 (1988) 1804-1809
25. Kahler B., Swain M.V., and Moule A. Fracture-toughening mechanism responsible for differences in work to fracture of hydrated and dehydrated dentine. Journal of Biomechanics 36 (2003) 229-237
26. Katz J.L. Hard tissue as a composite material. I. Bounds on the elastic behavior. Journal of Biomechanics 4 (1971) 455-473
27. Lucksanasombool P., Higgs W.A.J., Higgs R.J.E.D., and Swain M.V. Fracture toughness of bovine bone: influence of orientation and storage media. Biomaterials 22 (2001) 3127-3132
28. Malik C.L., Stover S.M., Martin R.B., and Gibeling J.C. Equine cortical bone exhibits rising R-curve fracture mechanics. Journal of Biomechanics 36 (2003) 191-198
29. Martin R.B., Gibson V.A., Stover S.M., Gibeling J.C., and Griffin L.V. Osteonal structure in the equine third metacarpus. Bone 19 (1996) 165-171
30. Martin R.B., and Burr D.B. Structure, Function and Adaptation of Compact Bone (1989), Raven Press, New York
31. McCalden R.W., McGeough J.A., Barker M.B., and Court-Brown C.M. Age-related changes in the tensile properties of cortical bone. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 75A (1993) 1193-1205
32. Nalla R.K., Kinney J.H., and Ritchie R.O. Mechanistic fracture criteria for the failure of human cortical bone. Nature Materials 2 (2003) 164-168
33. Nalla R.K., Kruzic J.J., Kinney J.H., and Ritchie R.O. Effect of aging on the toughness of human cortical bone: evaluation by R-curves. Bone 35 (2004) 1240-1246
34. Needleman A. A continuum model for void nucleation by inclusion debonding. Journal of Applied Mechanics 54 (1987) 525-531
35. Norman T.L., Vashishth D., and Burr D.B. Effect of groove on bone fracture toughness. Journal of Biomechanics 25 (1992) 1489-1492
36. Norman T.L., Vashishth D., and Burr D.B. Fracture toughness of human bone under tension. Journal of Biomechanics 28 (1995) 309-320
37. Norman T.L., and Wang Z. Microdamage of human cortical bone: incidence and morphology in long bones. Bone 20 (1997) 375-379
38. O'Brien F.J., Taylor D., and Lee C.T. Microcrack accumulation at different intervals during fatigue testing of compact bone. Journal of Biomechanics 36 (2003) 973-980
39. O'Brien F.J., Taylor D., and Lee C.T. The effect of bone microstructure on the initiation and growth of microcracks. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 23 (2005) 475-480
40. Ortiz M., and Pandolfi A. Finite-deformation irreversible cohesive elements for three-dimensional crack propagation analysis. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 44 (1999) 1267-1282
41. Petrtýl M., Hert J., and Fiala P. Spatial organization of Haversian bone in man. Journal of Biomechanics 29 (1996) 161-169
42. Phelps J.B., Hubbard G.B., Wang X., and Agrawal C.M. Microstructural heterogeneity and the fracture toughness of bone. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 51 (2000) 735-741
43. Reilly D.T., and Burstein A.H. The elastic and ultimate properties of compact bone tissue. Journal of Biomechanics 8 (1975) 393-405
44. Rho J.Y., Tsui T.Y., and Pharr G.M. Elastic properties of human cortical and trabecular lamellar bone measured by nanoindentation. Biomaterials 18 (1997) 1325-1330
45. Schaffler M.B., Choi K., and Milgrom C. Aging and matrix microdamage accumulation in human compact bone. Bone 17 (1995) 521-525
46. Skedros J.G., Holmes J.L., Vajda E.G., and Bloebaum R.D. Cement lines of secondary osteons in human bone are not mineral-deficient: new data in a historical perspective. The Anatomical Record A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology 286 (2005) 781-803
47. Tvergaard V., and Hutchinson J.W. The relation between crack growth resistance and fracture process parameters in elastic-plastic solids. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 40 (1992) 1377-1397
48. Ural, A., Vashishth, D., 2005. Cohesive finite element modeling of age-related toughness loss in human cortical bone. Journal of Biomechanics, in press.
49. Vashishth D., Behiri J.C., and Bonfield W. Crack growth resistance in cortical bone: concept of microcrack toughening. Journal of Biomechanics 30 (1997) 763-769
50. Vashishth D., Tanner K.E., and Bonfield W. Contribution, development and morphology of microcracking in cortical bone during crack propagation. Journal of Biomechanics 33 (2000) 1169-1174
51. Vashishth D. Rising crack-growth-resistance behavior in cortical bone: implications for toughness measurements. Journal of Biomechanics 37 (2004) 943-946
52. Vashishth, D., Wu, P., Gibson G.J., 2004. Age-related loss in bone: Toughness is explained by non-enzymatic glycation of collagen. In: Transactions of the 50th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society, {music sharp sign}497, San Francisco, CA.
53. Vashishth D. Age-dependent biomechanical modifications of bone. Critical Reviews in Eukaryotic Gene Expression 15 (2005) 343-35815
54. Wang X.D., Masilamani N.S., Mabrey J.D., Alder M.E., and Agrawal C.M. Changes in the fracture toughness of bone may not be reflected in its mineral density, porosity, and tensile properties. Bone 23 (1998) 67-72
55. Williams M., Laredo J.-D., Setbon S., Belange G., Timsit M.-A., Karneff A., and Pertuiset E. Unusual longitudinal stress fractures of the femoral diaphysis: Report of five cases. Skeletal Radiology 27 (1999) 81-85
56. Wright T.M., and Hayes W.C. Fracture mechanics parameters for compact bone effects of density and specimen thickness. Journal of Biomechanics 10 (1977) 419-430
57. Yeni Y.N., Brown C.U., Wang Z., and Norman T.L. The influence of bone morphology on fracture toughness of the human femur and tibia. Bone 21 (1997) 453-459
58. Yeni Y.N., Brown C.U., and Norman T.L. The influence of bone composition and apparent density on fracture toughness of the human femur and tibia. Bone 22 (1998) 79-84
59. Yeni Y.N., and Norman T.L. Calculation of porosity and osteonal cement line effects on the effective fracture toughness of cortical bone in longitudinal crack growth. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 51 (2000) 504-509
60. Zioupos P., and Currey J.D. Changes in the stiffness, strength, and toughness of human cortical bone with age. Bone 22 (1998) 57-66
61. Zysset P.K., Guo X.E., Hoffler C.E., Moore K.E., and Goldstein S.A. Elastic modulus and hardness of cortical and trabecular bone lamellae measured by nanoindentation in the human femur. Journal of Biomechanics 32 (1999) 1005-1012