The effects of goal involvement on moral behavior in an experimentally manipulated competitive setting

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology

Volumn 29, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 190-207

  Sage, Luke ^a   Kavussanu, Maria ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Antisocial behavior; Competition; Ego involvement; Prosocial behavior; Task involvement

Indexed keywords

EID: 34247132978     PISSN: 08952779     EISSN: 15432904     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1123/jsep.29.2.190     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Ajzen, L. & Fishbein, M. (1977). Attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research. Psychological Bulletin, 84, 888-918.
2. Ames, C. (1992). Achievement goals, motivational climate, and motivational processes. In G.C. Roberts (Ed.), Motivation in sport and exercise (pp. 161-176). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
3. Ames, C., & Archer, J. (1988). Achievement goals in the classroom: Students' learning strategies and motivation processes. Journal of Educational Psychology, 80, 260-267.
4. Bandura, A. (1991). Social cognitive theory of moral thought and action. In W.M. Kurtines & J.L. Gewirtz (Eds.), Handbook of moral behavior and development: Theory, research, and applications (Vol. 1, pp. 71-129). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
5. Bandura, A. (1999). Moral disengagement in the perpetration of inhumanities. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3, 193-209.
6. Boixadós, M., Cruz, J., Torregrosa, M., & Valiente, L. (2004). Relationships among motivational climate, satisfaction, perceived ability, and fair play attitudes in young soccer players. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 16, 301-317.
7. Bredemeier, B.J. (1983). Athletic aggression: A moral concern. In J. Goldstein (Ed.), Sports violence (pp. 47-82). New York: Springer-Verlag.
8. Bredemeier, B.J.L. (1994). Children's moral reasoning and their assertive, aggressive, and submissive tendencies in sport and daily life. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 16, 1-14.
9. Bredemeier, B.J.L., & Shields, D.L. (1986). Athletic aggression: An issue of contextual morality. Sociology of Sport Journal, 3, 15-28.
10. Bredemeier, B.J.L., Weiss, M.R., Shields, D.L., & Cooper, B. (1986). The relationship of sport involvement with children's moral reasoning and aggression tendencies. Journal of Sport Psychology, 8, 304-318.
11. Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155-159.
12. Covington, M.V., & Mueller, K.J. (2001). Intrinsic versus extrinsic motivation: An approach/ avoidance reformulation. Educational Psychology Review, 13, 157-176.
13. Duda, J.L., Olson, L.K., & Templin, T.J. (1991). The relationship of task and ego orientation to sportsmanship attitudes and the perceived legitimacy of injurious acts. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 62, 79-87.
14. Dunn, J.G.H., & Causgrove Dunn, J.C. (1999). Goal orientations, perceptions of aggression, and sportspersonship in elite male ice hockey players. The Sport Psychologist, 13, 183-200.
15. Eisenberg, N., & Fabes, R.A. (1998). Prosocial development. In N. Eisenberg (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology. Vol 3: Social, emotional, and personality development (pp. 701-778). New York: Wiiey.
16. Elliot, A.J. (2005). A conceptual history of the achievement goal construct. In A.J. Elliot & C.S. Dweck (Eds.), Handbook of competence and motivation. New York: The Guilford Press.
17. Gano-Overway, L.A., Guivernau, M., Magyar, M., Waldron, J.J., & Ewing, M.E. (2005). Achievement goal perspectives, perceptions of the motivational climate, and sportspersonship: individual and team effects. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 6, 215-232.
18. Gibbons, S.L., & Ebbeck, V. (1997). The effect of different teaching strategies on the moral development of physical education students. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 17, 85-98.
19. Gibbons, S.L., Ebbeck, V., & Weiss, M.R. (1995). Fair play for kids: Effects on the moral development of children in physical education. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 66, 247-255.
20. Jones, E.E., & Pittman, T.S. (1982). Toward a general theory of strategic self-presentation. In J. Suis (Ed.), Psychological perspectives on the self (pp. 231-262). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
21. Jones, M.V., Bray, S.R., & Olivier, S. (2005). Game location and aggression in rugby league. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23, 387-393.
22. Kavussanu, M. (2006). Motivational predictors of prosocial and antisocial behaviour in football. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24, 575-588.
23. Kavussanu, M., & Ntoumanis, N. (2003). Participation in sport and moral functioning: Does ego orientation mediate their relationship? Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 25, 501-518.
24. Kavussanu, M., & Roberts, G.C. (2001). Moral functioning in sport: An achievement goal perspective. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 23, 37-54.
25. Kavussanu, M., Roberts, G.C., & Ntoumanis, N. (2002). Contextual influences on moral functioning of college basketball players. The Sport Psychologist, 16, 347-367.
26. Kavussanu, M., Seal, A.R., & Phillips, D.R. (2006). Observed prosocial and antisocial behaviors in male soccer teams: Age differences across adolescence and the role of motivational variables. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 18, 326-344.
27. Kavussanu, M., & Spray, C.M. (2006). Contextual influences on moral functioning of male youth footballers. The Sport Psychologist, 20, 1-23.
28. Kirker, B., Tenenbaum, G., & Mattson, J. (2000). An investigation of the dynamics of aggression: Direct observations in ice hockey and basketball. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 71, 373-386.
29. Kleiber, D.A., & Roberts, G.C. (1981). The effects of sport experience in the development of social character: An exploratory investigation. Journal of Sport Psychology, 3, 114-122.
30. Knight, G.P., & Kagen, S. (1977). Development of prosocial and competitive behaviors in Anglo-American and Mexican-American children. Child Development, 6, 1385-1394.
31. Lemyre, P.N., Roberts, G.C., & Ommundsen, Y. (2002). Achievement goal orientations, perceived ability, and sportspersonship in youth soccer. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14, 120-136.
32. Miller, B.W., Roberts, G.C., & Ommundsen, Y. (2004). Effect of motivational climate on sportspersonship among competitive youth male and female football players. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 14, 193-202.
33. Newton, M., Duda, J.L., & Yin, Z.N. (2000). Examination of the psychometric properties of the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2 in a sample of female athletes. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18, 275-290.
34. Nicholls, J.G. (1989). The competitive ethos and democratic education. Cambridge. MA: Harvard University Press.
35. Ommundsen, Y., Roberts, G.C., Lemyre, P.N., & Treasure, D. (2003). Perceived motivational climate in male youth soccer Relations to social-moral functioning, sportspersonship and team norm perceptions. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 4, 397-413.
36. Roberts, G.C., Treasure, D.C., & Balague, G. (1998). Achievement goals in sport: The development and validation of the Perception of Success Questionnaire. Journal of Sports Sciences, 16, 337-347.
37. Sage, L.D., Kavussanu, M., & Duda, J.L. (2006). Goal orientations and moral identity as predictors of prosocial and antisocial functioning in male association football players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24, 455-466.
38. Sheldon, J.P., & Aimar, C.M. (2001). The role aggression plays in successful and unsuccessful ice hockey behaviors. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 72, 304-309.
39. Standage, M., Duda, J.L., & Pensgaard, A.M. (2005). The effect of competitive outcome and task-involving, ego-involving, and co-operative structures on the psychological well-being of individuals engaged in a co-ordination task. Motivation and Emotion, 29, 41-68.
40. Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (2001a). Using multivariate statistics (4th ed.). NY: HarperCollins.
41. Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (2001b). Computer-assisted research design and analysis. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
42. Vallerand, R.J. (1997). Toward a hierarchical model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 29, 271-360.