Musculotendon and fascicle strains in anterior and posterior neck muscles during whiplash injury

Spine

Volumn 32, Issue 7, 2007, Pages 756-765

  Vasavada, Anita N ^a   Brault, John R ^b   Siegmund, Gunter P ^c,d  

^a Washington State University   (United States)

^b MEA Forensic Engineers and Scientists   (United States)

^c MEA Forensic Engineers and Scientists   (Canada)

^d UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Biomechanics; Computational model; Human cervical muscles; Rear end impact; Whiplash injury

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; KINEMATICS; MALE; MEDICAL LITERATURE; MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM; NECK MUSCLE; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID MUSCLE; TENDON; TRAPEZIUS MUSCLE; WHIPLASH INJURY;

ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC; ADULT; BIOMECHANICS; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; FASCIA; HEAD MOVEMENTS; HUMANS; MALE; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM; NECK MUSCLES; SPRAINS AND STRAINS; TENDON INJURIES; WHIPLASH INJURIES;

EID: 34147150634     PISSN: 03622436     EISSN: 15281159     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.brs.0000259058.00460.69     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Siegmund GP, Sanderson DJ, Myers BS, et al. Rapid neck muscle adaptation alters the head kinematics of aware and unaware subjects undergoing multiple whiplash-like perturbations. J Biomech 2003;36:473-82.
2. Winkelstein B, McLendon R, Barbir A, et al. An anatomical investigation of the human cervical facet capsule, quantifying muscle insertion area. J Anat 2001;198:455-61.
3. Brault JR, Siegmund GP, Wheeler JB. Cervical muscle response during whiplash: evidence of a lengthening muscle contraction. Clin Biomech 2000;15:426-35.
4. McConnell W, Howard R, Van Poppel J, et al. Human head and neck kinematics after low velocity rear-end impacts: understanding 'whiplash.' 39th Stapp Car Crash Conference, San Diego, CA, November 8-15, 1995:215-38.
5. Severy DM, Mathewson DM, Bechtol CO. Controlled automobile rearend collisions, an investigation of related engineering and medical phenomena. Can Serv Med J 1955;11:727-59.
6. Griffiths RI. Shortening of muscle fibres during stretch of the active cat medial gastrocnemius muscle: the role of tendon compliance. J Physiol 1991;436:219-36.
7. Fukunaga T, Kubo K, Kawakami Y, et al. In vivo behaviour of human muscle tendon during walking. Proc R Soc Lond Biol 2001;268:229-33.
8. McCully KK, Faulkner JA. Injury to skeletal muscle fibers of mice following lengthening contractions. J Appl Physiol 1985;59:119-26.
9. Siegmund G, King D, Lawrence J, et al. Head/neck kinematic response of human subjects in low-speed rear-end collisions. Proceedings of the 41st Stapp Car Crash Conference, Warrendale, PA, 1997:357-85.
10. NASA. Anthropometric Source Book, vol. 1: Anthropometry for Designers [Reference Publication 1024]. Hanover, MD: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Office, 1978.
11. Harms-Ringdahl K, Ekholm J, Schüldt K, et al. Load moments and myoelectric activity when the cervical spine is held in full flexion and extension. Ergonomics 1986;29:1539-52.
12. Queisser F, Blüthner R, Seidel H. Control of positioning the cervical spine and its application to measuring extensor strength. Clin Biomech 1994;9:157-61.
13. Vasavada A, Li S, Delp S. Influence of muscle morphometry and moment arms on the moment-generating capacity of human neck muscles. Spine 1998;23:412-21.
14. Lasher R, Meyer T, Gavin P, et al. MRI-based geometry of neck muscles for biomechanical models. American Society of Biomechanics, Portland, OR, September 2004:8-11.
15. Richmond FJR, MacGillis DRR, Scott DA. Muscle-fiber compartmentalization in cat splenius muscles. J Neurophysiol 1985;53:868-85.
16. Armstrong JB, Rose PK, Vanner S, et al. Compartmentalization of motor units in the cat neck muscle, biventer cervicis. J Neurophysiol 1988;60:30-45.
17. Zajac F. Muscle and tendon: properties, models, scaling, and application to biomechanics and motor control. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1989.
18. Kamibayashi LK, Richmond FJR. Morphometry of human neck muscles. Spine 1998;23:1314-23.
19. Daru KR. Computer simulation and static analysis of the human head, neck and upper torso [MS thesis]. AZ State University, 1989.
20. Ryan GA, Taylor GW, Moore VM, et al. Neck strain in car occupants: the influence of crash-related factors on initial severity. Med J Aust 1993;159:651-6.
21. Viano DC, Gargan MF. Headrest position during normal driving: implication to neck injury risk in rear crashes. Accid Anal Prev 1996;28:665-74.
22. Brault JR, Wheeler JB, Siegmund GP, et al. Clinical response of human subjects to rear-end automobile collisions. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1998;79:72-80.
23. Evans GFF, Haller RG, Wyrick PS, et al. Submaximal delayed-onset muscle soreness: correlations between MR imaging findings and clinical measures. Radiology 1998;208:815-20.
24. Macpherson PCK, Schork MA, Faulkner JA. Contraction-induced injury in single fiber segments from fast and slow muscles of rats by single stretches. Am J Physiol 1996;271:C1438-46.
25. Blouin JS, Inglis JT, Siegmund GP. Auditory startle alters the response of human subjects exposed to a single whiplash-like perturbation. Spine 2006;31:146-54.
26. Siegmund GP, Sanderson DJ, Myers BS, et al. Awareness affects the response of human subjects exposed to a single whiplash-like perturbation. Spine 2003;28:671-9.
27. Pappas GP, Asakawa DS, Delp SL, et al. Nonuniform shortening in the biceps brachii during elbow flexion. J Appl Physiol 2002;92:2381-9.
28. Blemker SS, Pinsky PM, Delp SL. A 3D model of muscle reveals the causes of nonuniform strains in the biceps brachii. J Biomech 2005;38:657-65.
29. Blemker SS, Delp SL. Rectus femoris and vastus intermedius fiber excursions predicted by three-dimensional muscle models. J Biomech 2006;39:1383-91.
30. Spector SA, Gardiner PF, Zernicke RF, et al. Muscle architecture and force-velocity characteristics of cat soleus and medial gastrocnemius: implications for motor control. J Neurophysiol 1980;44:951-60.
31. McCully KK, Faulkner JA. Characteristics of lengthening contractions associated with injury to skeletal muscle fibers. J Appl Physiol 1986;61:293-9.
32. Lieber R, Friden J. Muscle damage is not a function of muscle force but active muscle strain. J Appl Physiol 1993;74:520-6.
33. Brooks SV, Faulkner JA. Severity of contraction-induced injury is affected by velocity only during stretches of large strain. J Appl Physiol 2001;91:661-6.
34. Hunter KD, Faulkner JA. Pliometric contraction-induced injury of mouse skeletal muscle: effect of initial length. J Appl Physiol 1997;82:278-83.
35. Paschalis V, Koutedakis Y, Baltzopoulos V, et al. Short vs. long length of rectus femoris during eccentric exercise in relation to muscle damage in healthy males. Clin Biomech 2005;20:617-22.
36. Nosaka K, Sakamoto K. Effect of elbow joint angle on the magnitude of muscle damage to the elbow flexors. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001;33:22-9.
37. Lovering RM, Hakim M, Moorman CT, et al. The contribution of contractile pre-activation to loss of function after a single lengthening contraction. J Biomech 2005;38:1501-7.
38. Newham DJ, Jones DA, Ghosh G, et al. Muscle fatigue and pain after eccentric contractions at long and short length. Clin Sci 1988;74:553-7.