Biodiesel and FAME synthesis assisted by microwaves: Homogeneous batch and flow processes

Fuel

Volumn 86, Issue 10-11, 2007, Pages 1641-1644

  Hernando, J ^a   Leton, P ^a   Matia, M P ^a   Novella, J L ^a   Alvarez Builla, J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALCALÁ   (Spain)

Author keywords

Biodiesel; FAME; Microwaves

Indexed keywords

CATALYSIS; ESTERS; FATTY ACIDS; METHANOL; MICROWAVE DEVICES; MICROWAVE IRRADIATION;

FATTY ACIDS METHYL ESTERS (FAME); FLOW PROCESSES; FLOW SYSTEMS; HOMOGENEOUS BATCH;

BIODIESEL;

EID: 34147118449     PISSN: 00162361     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2006.11.003     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Loupy A., Petit A., Ramdani M., Yvanaeff C., Majdoub M., Labiad B., et al. Can J Chem 71 (1993) 90
2. Silver RS, Hasenhuettl GL. US Pat. 5,596,085.
3. Granbreg EP, Schafermeyer RG, Letton JA. PCT/US Pat. 96/07799.
4. Ahn E., Koncar M., Mittelbach M., and Marr R. Separ Sci Tech 30 (1982) 2021
5. Vicente G., Martinez M., and Aracil J. Bioresour Technol 92 (2004) 297 and literature cited therein
6. Boehman A.L. Fuel Process Technol 86 (2005) 1057
7. Knothe G., Sharp C.A., and Ryan T.V. Energ Fuel 20 (2006) 403
8. Szybist J.P., Kirby S.R., and Boheman A.L. Energ Fuel 19 (2005) 1484
9. Vicente G., Martinez M., and Aracil J. J Am Oil Chem Soc 86 (2005) 1057
10. Eerée T., Peter S., and Weidner E. Ind Eng Chem Res 44 (2005) 9535
11. Serio M.D., Ledda M., Cozzolino M., Minutillo G., Tesser R., and Santacesaria E. Ind Eng Chem Res 45 (2006) 3009
12. Mazzocchia C., Modica G., Nannicini R., and Kaddouri A. CR Chimie 7 (2004) 601
13. Saiffudin N., and Chua K.H. Malaysian J Chem 6 (2004) 77
14. Silva F.C., Ferreira V.F., and Souza M.C.B.V. Quim Nova 29 (2006) 376
15. Leadbeater N.E., and Stencel L.M. Energ Fuel 20 (2006) 2281
16. Breccia FA WO2003014272 A3. Chem Abs 138:172236.
17. Portnoff MA, Purta DA, Nasta MA, Zhang J, Pourarian F. US 2005/0274065 A1. Chem Abs 144:24718.
18. Microwave CEM Explorer (batch) and CEM Voyager (flow) reactors were used in the project. The temperature was fixed at 60 °C, so the irradiation energy was limited by the temperature control. The flow system works in stop-flow regime, thus facilitating the reproduction of the optimal batch conditions in the flow system.
19. Norms EN14214 and EN14103 describe biodiesel requirements and official tests.