A comparison of laser-assisted drug delivery at two output energies for enhancing the delivery of topically applied LMX-4® cream prior to venipuncture

Anesthesia and Analgesia

Volumn 104, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 847-849

  Koh, Jeffrey L ^a,b   Harrison, Dale ^b   Swanson, Veronica ^a,b   Norvell, Daniel C ^c   Coomber, Darren C ^d  

^a OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c Olympic Research   (United States)

^d Norwood Abbey Limited   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANESTHETIC AGENT; LMX 4; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM; DRUG MECHANISM; ENERGY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LASER; LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PAIN; PAIN ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SCORING SYSTEM; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; VEIN PUNCTURE; VISUAL ANALOG SCALE;

ADMINISTRATION, TOPICAL; ADULT; ANESTHETICS, LOCAL; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; LASERS; LIDOCAINE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OINTMENTS; PAIN; PAIN MEASUREMENT; PHLEBOTOMY; REFERENCE VALUES; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 34047271615     PISSN: 00032999     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000257925.36641.9e     Document Type: Article

References (7)

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