Halogen emissions from a small volcanic eruption: Modeling the peak concentrations, dispersion, and volcanically induced ozone loss in the stratosphere

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 33, Issue 19, 2006, Pages

  Millard, G A ^a   Mather, T A ^a,b   Pyle, D M ^a,b   Rose, W I ^c   Thornton, B ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^c Michigan Technological University   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIRCRAFT; HALOGEN COMPOUNDS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; OZONE; THREE DIMENSIONAL; UPPER ATMOSPHERE;

CHEMICAL TRANSPORT MODEL; HALOGEN EMISSIONS;

VOLCANOES;

AIRBORNE SURVEY; ATMOSPHERIC PLUME; ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); DISPERSION; HALIDE; HALOGEN; MODELING; OZONE; STRATOSPHERE; VOLCANIC ERUPTION;

ARCTIC; HEKLA; ICELAND;

EID: 34047225290     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2006GL026959     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Afe, O. T., A. Richter, B. Sierk, F. Wittrock, and J. P. Burrows (2004), BrO emission from volcanoes: A survey using GOME and SCHIAMACHY measurements, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L24113, doi:10.1029/2004GL020994.
2. Aiuppa, A., et al. (2005), Emission of bromine and iodine from Mount Etna volcano, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 6, Q08008, doi:10.1029/ 2005GC000965.
3. 2O, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 913-916.
4. Bureau, H., H. Keppler, and N. Métrich (2000), Volcanic degassing of bromine and iodine: Experimental fluid/melt partitioning data and applications to stratospheric chemistry, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 183, 51-60.
5. Chipperfield, M. P. (1999), Multiannual simulations with a three-dimensional chemical transport model, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 1781-1805.
6. Gerlach, T. (2004), Volcanic sources of tropospheric ozone-depleting trace gases, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 5, Q09007, doi:10.1029/ 2004GC000747.
7. Graf, H.-E, J. Feichter, and B. Langmann (1997), Volcanic sulfur emissions: Estimates of source strength and its contribution to the global sulfate distribution, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 10,727-10,738.
8. Hunton, D. E., et al. (2005), In-situ aircraft observations of the 2000 Mt. Hekla volcanic cloud: Composition and chemical evolution in the Arctic lower stratosphere, J. Volcanol. Geothcrm. Res., 145, 23-34.
9. Lacasse, C., S. Karlsdóttir, G. Larsen, H. Soosalu, W. I. Rose, and G. G. J. Ernst (2004), Weather radar observations of the Hekla 2000 eruption cloud, Iceland, Bull. Volcanol., 66, 457-473.
10. Manney, G. L., and J. L. Sabutis (2000), Development of the polar vortex in the 1999-2000 Arctic winter stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 2589-2592.
11. Mather, T. A., A. G. Allen, B. M. Davison, D. M. Pyle, C. Oppenheimer, and A. J. S. McGonigle (2004), Nitric acid from volcanoes, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 218, 17-30.
12. Moune, S., P.-J. Gauthier, S. R. Gislason, and O. Sigmarsson (2006), Trace element degassing and enrichment in the eruptive plume of the 2000 eruption of Hekla volcano, Iceland, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 70, 461-479.
13. Oskarsson, N. (1980), The interaction between volcanic gases and tephra: Fluorine adhering to tephra of the 1970 Hekla eruption, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 8, 251-266.
14. Pyle, D. M. (1995), Mass and energy budgets of explosive volcanic eruptions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 563-566.
15. Pyle, D. M., P. D. Beattie, and G. J. S. Bluth (1996), Sulphur emissions to the stratosphere from explosive volcanic eruptions, Bull. Volcanol., 57, 663-671.
16. Robock, A. (2000), Volcanic eruptions and climate, Rev. Geophys., 38, 191-219.
17. Roscoe, H. K. (2001), The risk of large volcanic eruptions and the impact of this risk on future ozone depletion, Nat. Hazards, 23, 231-246.
18. Rose, W. I., et al. (2003), The February-March 2000 eruption of Hekla, Iceland from a satellite perspective, in Volcanism and the Earth's Atmosphere, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 139, edited by A. Robock and C. Oppenheimer, pp. 107-132, AGU, Washington, D. C.
19. Rose, W. I., et al. (2006), The atmospheric chemistry of a 33-34 hour old volcanic cloud from Hekla Volcano (Iceland): Insights from direct sampling and the application of chemical box modelins, J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/2005JD006872, in press.
20. Rosenfield, J. E., D. B. Considine, P. E. Meade, J. T. Bacmeister, C. H. Jackman, and M. R. Schoeberl (1997), Stratospheric effects of Mount Pinatubo aerosol studied with a coupled two-dimensional model, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 3649-3670.
21. Sander, S. P., et al. (2003), Chemical kinetics and photochemical data for use in atmospheric studies: Evaluation 15, JPL Publ., 06-2, 522 pp. (Available at http://jpldataeval.jpl.nasa.gov)
22. Symonds, R. B., W. I. Rose, G. J. S. Bluth, and T. M. Gerlach (1994), Volcanic gas studies: Methods, results and applications, in Volatiles in Magmas, Rev. Miner., vol. 30, edited by M. R. Carroll and J. R. Hollaway, pp. 1-66, Miner. Soc. of Am., Washington, D. C.
23. Tabazadeh, A., and R. P. Turco (1993), Stratospheric chlorine injection by volcanic eruptions: HCl scavenaing and implications for ozone, Science, 260, 1082-1086.
24. Thordarson, T., S. Self, N. Óskarsson, and T. Hulsebosch (1996), Sulfur, chlorine, and fluorine degassing and atmospheric loading by the 1783-1784 AD Laki (Skaftár Fires) eruption in Iceland, Bull. Volcanol., 58, 205-225.
25. Thornton, B. F., et al. (2003), In situ observations of ClO near the Winter Polar Tropopause, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D8), 8333, doi:10.1029/2002JD002839.
26. Tie, X., and G. Brasseur (1995), The response of stratospheric ozone to volcanic eruptions: Sensitivity to atmospheric chlorine loading, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 3035-3038.
27. World Meteorological Organization (2003), Scientific assessment of ozone depletion: 2002, Rep. 47, 478 pp., Global Ozone Res. and Monit. Project, Geneva.