메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 242, Issue 2-3, 2007, Pages 477-486

Potential lateral expansion of Polylepis forest fragments in central Ecuador

Author keywords

Edge effect; Grazing; Polylepis; Reproduction; Treeline

Indexed keywords

CONSERVATION; SEED; VEGETATION;

EID: 34047174520     PISSN: 03781127     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.01.082     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (39)

References (71)
  • 1
    • 0036669252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of Sasa and canopy gap formation on tree regeneration in an old beech forest
    • Abe M., Izaki J., Miguchi H., Masaki T., Makita A., and Nakashizuka T. The effects of Sasa and canopy gap formation on tree regeneration in an old beech forest. J. Veg. Sci. 13 (2002) 565-574
    • (2002) J. Veg. Sci. , vol.13 , pp. 565-574
    • Abe, M.1    Izaki, J.2    Miguchi, H.3    Masaki, T.4    Makita, A.5    Nakashizuka, T.6
  • 2
    • 0002013247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire effects on landscape fragmentation in Interior West forests
    • Rochelle J.A., Lehmann L.A., and Wisniewski J. (Eds), Brill Leiden, The Netherlands
    • Agee J.K. Fire effects on landscape fragmentation in Interior West forests. In: Rochelle J.A., Lehmann L.A., and Wisniewski J. (Eds). Forest Fragmentation, Wildlife and Management Implications (1999), Brill Leiden, The Netherlands 43-60
    • (1999) Forest Fragmentation, Wildlife and Management Implications , pp. 43-60
    • Agee, J.K.1
  • 4
    • 0030294731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of ungulates on structure and dynamics of natural regeneration of mixed mountain forests in the Bavarian Alps
    • Ammer C. Impacts of ungulates on structure and dynamics of natural regeneration of mixed mountain forests in the Bavarian Alps. For. Ecol. Manage. 88 (1996) 43-53
    • (1996) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.88 , pp. 43-53
    • Ammer, C.1
  • 5
    • 13544275774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forest edges benefit adults, but not seedlings, of the mistletoe Alepis flavida (Loranthaceae)
    • Bach C.E., Kelly D., and Hazlett B.A. Forest edges benefit adults, but not seedlings, of the mistletoe Alepis flavida (Loranthaceae). J. Ecol. 93 (2005) 79-86
    • (2005) J. Ecol. , vol.93 , pp. 79-86
    • Bach, C.E.1    Kelly, D.2    Hazlett, B.A.3
  • 6
    • 17644447371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies on the thermal conditions of soil at the upper tree-line in the Páramo de Papallacta (Eastern Cordillera of Ecuador)
    • Bendix J., and Rafiqpoor M.D. Studies on the thermal conditions of soil at the upper tree-line in the Páramo de Papallacta (Eastern Cordillera of Ecuador). Erdkunde 55 (2001) 257-276
    • (2001) Erdkunde , vol.55 , pp. 257-276
    • Bendix, J.1    Rafiqpoor, M.D.2
  • 7
    • 0031922512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of forest fragmentation on seedling abundance in a tropical rainforest
    • Benítez-Malvido J. Impact of forest fragmentation on seedling abundance in a tropical rainforest. Conserv. Biol. 12 (1998) 380-389
    • (1998) Conserv. Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 380-389
    • Benítez-Malvido, J.1
  • 9
    • 0036094354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of clearcut edges on trees in the sub-boreal spruce zone of Northwest-central British Colombia
    • Burton P.J. Effects of clearcut edges on trees in the sub-boreal spruce zone of Northwest-central British Colombia. Silva Fennica 36 (2002) 329-352
    • (2002) Silva Fennica , vol.36 , pp. 329-352
    • Burton, P.J.1
  • 10
    • 0003128612 scopus 로고
    • Estudio fitosociológico en bosques de Polylepis australis Bitt. ("Tabaquillo") en las Sierras de Córdoba
    • Cabido M., and Acosta A. Estudio fitosociológico en bosques de Polylepis australis Bitt. ("Tabaquillo") en las Sierras de Córdoba. Argentina. Documents Phytosociologiques N. S. 9 (1985) 385-400
    • (1985) Argentina. Documents Phytosociologiques N. S. , vol.9 , pp. 385-400
    • Cabido, M.1    Acosta, A.2
  • 11
    • 0027086004 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation responses to edge environments in old-growth Douglas-fir forests
    • Chen J., Franklin J.F., and Spies T.A. Vegetation responses to edge environments in old-growth Douglas-fir forests. Ecol. Appl. 2 (1992) 387-396
    • (1992) Ecol. Appl. , vol.2 , pp. 387-396
    • Chen, J.1    Franklin, J.F.2    Spies, T.A.3
  • 12
    • 0028824581 scopus 로고
    • Growing-season microclimatic gradients from clearcut edges into old-growth Douglas-fir forests
    • Chen J., Franklin J.F., and Spies T.A. Growing-season microclimatic gradients from clearcut edges into old-growth Douglas-fir forests. Ecol. Appl. 5 (1995) 74-86
    • (1995) Ecol. Appl. , vol.5 , pp. 74-86
    • Chen, J.1    Franklin, J.F.2    Spies, T.A.3
  • 13
    • 3042762480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation of stand structure and regeneration of Mediterranean holm oak along a grazing intensity gradient
    • Cierjacks A., and Hensen I. Variation of stand structure and regeneration of Mediterranean holm oak along a grazing intensity gradient. Plant Ecol. 173 (2004) 215-223
    • (2004) Plant Ecol. , vol.173 , pp. 215-223
    • Cierjacks, A.1    Hensen, I.2
  • 14
    • 34047107548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cierjacks, A., Rühr, N.K., Wesche, K., Hensen, I., in press. Effects of altitude and livestock on the regeneration of two treeline forming Polylepis species in Ecuador. Plant Ecol.
  • 15
    • 0036215473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire as large-scale edge effect in Amazonian forests
    • Cochrane M.A., and Laurance W.F. Fire as large-scale edge effect in Amazonian forests. J. Trop. Ecol. 18 (2002) 311-325
    • (2002) J. Trop. Ecol. , vol.18 , pp. 311-325
    • Cochrane, M.A.1    Laurance, W.F.2
  • 17
    • 0033761909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree recruitment at the Nothofagus pumilio alpine treeline in Tierra del Fuego, Chile
    • Cuevas J.G. Tree recruitment at the Nothofagus pumilio alpine treeline in Tierra del Fuego, Chile. J. Ecol. 88 (2000) 840-855
    • (2000) J. Ecol. , vol.88 , pp. 840-855
    • Cuevas, J.G.1
  • 18
    • 27644573112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between litter and water availability affect seedling emergence in four familial pairs of floodplain species
    • Eckstein R.L., and Donath T.W. Interactions between litter and water availability affect seedling emergence in four familial pairs of floodplain species. J. Ecol. 93 (2005) 807-816
    • (2005) J. Ecol. , vol.93 , pp. 807-816
    • Eckstein, R.L.1    Donath, T.W.2
  • 19
    • 0030426928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Páramos und Punas der Hochanden Südamerikas heute großenteils als potentielle Wälder anerkannt
    • Ellenberg H. Páramos und Punas der Hochanden Südamerikas heute großenteils als potentielle Wälder anerkannt. Verh. Ges. Ökol. 25 (1996) 17-23
    • (1996) Verh. Ges. Ökol. , vol.25 , pp. 17-23
    • Ellenberg, H.1
  • 20
    • 1542321494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regeneration of Polylepis australis Bitt. in the mountains of central Argentina
    • Enrico L., Funes G., and Cabido M. Regeneration of Polylepis australis Bitt. in the mountains of central Argentina. For. Ecol. Manage. 190 (2003) 301-309
    • (2003) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.190 , pp. 301-309
    • Enrico, L.1    Funes, G.2    Cabido, M.3
  • 21
    • 0026268827 scopus 로고
    • Plant litter: its dynamics and effects on plant community structure
    • Facelli J.M., and Pickett S.T.A. Plant litter: its dynamics and effects on plant community structure. Bot. Rev. 57 (1991) 1-33
    • (1991) Bot. Rev. , vol.57 , pp. 1-33
    • Facelli, J.M.1    Pickett, S.T.A.2
  • 23
    • 0028162742 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation responses along edge-to-interior gradients in the mixed hardwood forests of the Roanoke River basin, North Carolina
    • Fraver S. Vegetation responses along edge-to-interior gradients in the mixed hardwood forests of the Roanoke River basin, North Carolina. Conserv. Biol. 8 (1994) 822-832
    • (1994) Conserv. Biol. , vol.8 , pp. 822-832
    • Fraver, S.1
  • 24
    • 0034061738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetation and microclimatic edge effects in two mixed-mesophytic forest fragments
    • Gehlhausen S.M., Schwartz M.W., and Augspurger C.K. Vegetation and microclimatic edge effects in two mixed-mesophytic forest fragments. Plant Ecol. 147 (2000) 21-35
    • (2000) Plant Ecol. , vol.147 , pp. 21-35
    • Gehlhausen, S.M.1    Schwartz, M.W.2    Augspurger, C.K.3
  • 25
    • 0036034245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conifer seedling distribution and survival in an alpine treeline ecotone
    • Germino M.J., and Smith W.K. Conifer seedling distribution and survival in an alpine treeline ecotone. Plant Ecol. 162 (2002) 157-168
    • (2002) Plant Ecol. , vol.162 , pp. 157-168
    • Germino, M.J.1    Smith, W.K.2
  • 26
    • 0002089455 scopus 로고
    • Environmental biology of a tropical treeline species Polylepis sericea
    • Rundel P.W., Smith A.P., and Meinzer F.C. (Eds), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Goldstein G., Meinzer F.C., and Rada F. Environmental biology of a tropical treeline species Polylepis sericea. In: Rundel P.W., Smith A.P., and Meinzer F.C. (Eds). Tropical Alpine Environments: Plant Form and Function (1994), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 129-151
    • (1994) Tropical Alpine Environments: Plant Form and Function , pp. 129-151
    • Goldstein, G.1    Meinzer, F.C.2    Rada, F.3
  • 27
    • 0036669764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure and composition of edges next to regenerating clearcuts in the mixed wood boreal forest
    • Harper K.A., and Macdonald S.E. Structure and composition of edges next to regenerating clearcuts in the mixed wood boreal forest. J. Veg. Sci. 13 (2002) 535-564
    • (2002) J. Veg. Sci. , vol.13 , pp. 535-564
    • Harper, K.A.1    Macdonald, S.E.2
  • 29
    • 0242640602 scopus 로고
    • Die Vegetation von Polylepis-Wäldern der Ostkordillere Boliviens
    • Hensen I. Die Vegetation von Polylepis-Wäldern der Ostkordillere Boliviens. Phytocoenologia 25 (1995) 235-277
    • (1995) Phytocoenologia , vol.25 , pp. 235-277
    • Hensen, I.1
  • 30
    • 2342629661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of anthropogenic activity on the vegetation of Polylepis woodlands in the region of Cochabamba, Bolivia
    • Hensen I. Impacts of anthropogenic activity on the vegetation of Polylepis woodlands in the region of Cochabamba, Bolivia. Ecotropica 8 (2002) 183-203
    • (2002) Ecotropica , vol.8 , pp. 183-203
    • Hensen, I.1
  • 31
    • 1542681307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing tree colonization in fragmented forests: an experimental study of introduced seeds and seedlings
    • Hewitt N., and Kellman M. Factors influencing tree colonization in fragmented forests: an experimental study of introduced seeds and seedlings. For. Ecol. Manage. 187 (2004) 39-59
    • (2004) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.187 , pp. 39-59
    • Hewitt, N.1    Kellman, M.2
  • 32
    • 34047125633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hofstede, R.G.M., 1995. Effects of burning and grazing on a Colombian páramo ecosystem. Diss. Univ. Amsterdam.
  • 33
    • 2942629937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • El impacto de las actividades humanas sobre el páramo
    • Mena Vásconez P., Medina G., and Hofstede R. (Eds), Abya Yala/Proyecto Páramo, Quito, Ecuador
    • Hofstede R.G.M. El impacto de las actividades humanas sobre el páramo. In: Mena Vásconez P., Medina G., and Hofstede R. (Eds). Los páramos del Ecuador. Particularidades, problemas y perspectivas (2001), Abya Yala/Proyecto Páramo, Quito, Ecuador
    • (2001) Los páramos del Ecuador. Particularidades, problemas y perspectivas
    • Hofstede, R.G.M.1
  • 34
    • 0031448366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of distance from forest edge on regeneration of red spruce and balsam fir in clearcuts
    • Hughes J.W., and Bechtel D.A. Effect of distance from forest edge on regeneration of red spruce and balsam fir in clearcuts. Can. J. For. Res. 27 (1997) 2088-2096
    • (1997) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.27 , pp. 2088-2096
    • Hughes, J.W.1    Bechtel, D.A.2
  • 35
    • 0032767238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of reduced Trillium recruitment along edges of old-growth forests
    • Jules E.S., and Rathke B.J. Mechanisms of reduced Trillium recruitment along edges of old-growth forests. Conserv. Biol. 13 (1999) 784-793
    • (1999) Conserv. Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 784-793
    • Jules, E.S.1    Rathke, B.J.2
  • 36
    • 34047112032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kessler, M., 1995. Polylepis-Wälder Boliviens: Taxa, Ökologie, Verbreitung und Geschichte. Dissertationes Botanicae J. Cramer Band 246, Berlin, Stuttgart.
  • 37
    • 0003053959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations on a human-induced fire event at a humid timberline in the Bolivian Andes
    • Kessler M. Observations on a human-induced fire event at a humid timberline in the Bolivian Andes. Ecotropica 6 (2000) 89-93
    • (2000) Ecotropica , vol.6 , pp. 89-93
    • Kessler, M.1
  • 38
    • 2342449703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Polylepis problem: where do we stand?
    • Kessler M. The Polylepis problem: where do we stand?. Ecotropica 8 (2002) 97-110
    • (2002) Ecotropica , vol.8 , pp. 97-110
    • Kessler, M.1
  • 39
    • 0001971480 scopus 로고
    • Causas e historia de la destrucción de bosques Altoandinos en Bolivia
    • Kessler M., and Driesch P. Causas e historia de la destrucción de bosques Altoandinos en Bolivia. Ecología en Bolivia 21 (1993) 1-18
    • (1993) Ecología en Bolivia , vol.21 , pp. 1-18
    • Kessler, M.1    Driesch, P.2
  • 41
    • 0002307928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Edge effects: theory, evidence and implication to management of western North American forests
    • Rochelle J.A., Lehmann L.A., and Wisniewski J. (Eds), Brill Leiden, The Netherlands
    • Kremsater L., and Bunnell F.L. Edge effects: theory, evidence and implication to management of western North American forests. In: Rochelle J.A., Lehmann L.A., and Wisniewski J. (Eds). Forest Fragmentation, Wildlife and Management Implications (1999), Brill Leiden, The Netherlands 117-139
    • (1999) Forest Fragmentation, Wildlife and Management Implications , pp. 117-139
    • Kremsater, L.1    Bunnell, F.L.2
  • 42
    • 0027011496 scopus 로고
    • Influence of fire in the grass páramo vegetation of Ecuador
    • Balslev H., and Luteyn J.L. (Eds), Academic Press, London
    • Lægaard S. Influence of fire in the grass páramo vegetation of Ecuador. In: Balslev H., and Luteyn J.L. (Eds). Páramo. An Andean Ecosystem under Human Influence (1992), Academic Press, London 151-170
    • (1992) Páramo. An Andean Ecosystem under Human Influence , pp. 151-170
    • Lægaard, S.1
  • 45
    • 0029152625 scopus 로고
    • Seedling distribution and potential persistence of the exotic shrub Lonicera maackii in fragmented forests
    • Luken J.O., and Goessling N. Seedling distribution and potential persistence of the exotic shrub Lonicera maackii in fragmented forests. Am. Midl. Natur. 133 (1995) 124-130
    • (1995) Am. Midl. Natur. , vol.133 , pp. 124-130
    • Luken, J.O.1    Goessling, N.2
  • 46
    • 0036203238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probability of tree seedling establishment changes across a forest-old field edge gradient
    • Meiners S.J., Pickett S.T.A., and Handel S.N. Probability of tree seedling establishment changes across a forest-old field edge gradient. Am. J. Bot. 89 (2002) 466-471
    • (2002) Am. J. Bot. , vol.89 , pp. 466-471
    • Meiners, S.J.1    Pickett, S.T.A.2    Handel, S.N.3
  • 47
    • 0003138778 scopus 로고
    • Zur oberen Waldgrenze in tropischen Gebirgen
    • Miehe G., and Miehe S. Zur oberen Waldgrenze in tropischen Gebirgen. Phytocoenologia 24 (1994) 53-110
    • (1994) Phytocoenologia , vol.24 , pp. 53-110
    • Miehe, G.1    Miehe, S.2
  • 48
    • 0031838465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of environment and grazing disturbance on tree establishment in meadows of the central Cascade Range, Oregon, USA
    • Miller E.A., and Halpern C.B. Effect of environment and grazing disturbance on tree establishment in meadows of the central Cascade Range, Oregon, USA. J. Veg. Sci. 9 (1998) 265-282
    • (1998) J. Veg. Sci. , vol.9 , pp. 265-282
    • Miller, E.A.1    Halpern, C.B.2
  • 49
    • 0035729758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seed size, seed germination, and seedling survival of Brazilian tropical tree species differing in successional status
    • Pereira de Souza R.P., and Válio I.F.M. Seed size, seed germination, and seedling survival of Brazilian tropical tree species differing in successional status. Biotropica 33 (2001) 447-457
    • (2001) Biotropica , vol.33 , pp. 447-457
    • Pereira de Souza, R.P.1    Válio, I.F.M.2
  • 50
    • 34047104791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reassessing the causes of decline of Polylepis, a tropical subalpine forest
    • Purcell J., and Brelsford A. Reassessing the causes of decline of Polylepis, a tropical subalpine forest. Ecotropica 10 (2004) 155-158
    • (2004) Ecotropica , vol.10 , pp. 155-158
    • Purcell, J.1    Brelsford, A.2
  • 52
    • 0029848382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon and water balance in Polylepis sericea, a tropical treeline species
    • Rada F., Azocar A., Broceno B., Gonzalez J., and Garcia-Nunez C. Carbon and water balance in Polylepis sericea, a tropical treeline species. Trees 10 (1996) 218-222
    • (1996) Trees , vol.10 , pp. 218-222
    • Rada, F.1    Azocar, A.2    Broceno, B.3    Gonzalez, J.4    Garcia-Nunez, C.5
  • 53
    • 17044453358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efectos del fuego sobre un bosquecillo de Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) en las montañas de Córdoba, Argentina
    • Renison D., Cingolani A.M., and Suarez R. Efectos del fuego sobre un bosquecillo de Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) en las montañas de Córdoba, Argentina. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 75 (2002) 719-727
    • (2002) Revista Chilena de Historia Natural , vol.75 , pp. 719-727
    • Renison, D.1    Cingolani, A.M.2    Suarez, R.3
  • 54
    • 3042720624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anthropogenic soil degradation affects seed viability in Polylepis australis mountain forests of central Argentina
    • Renison D., Hensen I., and Cingolani A.M. Anthropogenic soil degradation affects seed viability in Polylepis australis mountain forests of central Argentina. For. Ecol. Manage. 196 (2004) 327-333
    • (2004) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.196 , pp. 327-333
    • Renison, D.1    Hensen, I.2    Cingolani, A.M.3
  • 55
    • 33645962186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cover and growth habit of Polylepis woodlands and shrublands in the mountains of central Argentina: human or environmental influence?
    • Renison D., Hensen I., Suárez R., and Cingolani A.M. Cover and growth habit of Polylepis woodlands and shrublands in the mountains of central Argentina: human or environmental influence?. J. Biogeogr. 33 (2006) 876-887
    • (2006) J. Biogeogr. , vol.33 , pp. 876-887
    • Renison, D.1    Hensen, I.2    Suárez, R.3    Cingolani, A.M.4
  • 57
    • 30644461468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosaceae
    • Harling G., and Sparre B. (Eds), Aarhus University Press, Aarhus
    • Romoleroux K. Rosaceae. In: Harling G., and Sparre B. (Eds). Flora of Ecuador no. 56 (1996), Aarhus University Press, Aarhus 71-89
    • (1996) Flora of Ecuador no. 56 , pp. 71-89
    • Romoleroux, K.1
  • 58
    • 34047148163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sarmiento, F.O., 2002. Impulsores de cambio de paisaje: Dinámica de las líneas de árboles en la montología neotropical. Ecotrópicos 15.
  • 60
    • 0001877817 scopus 로고
    • Ecological features of climate in high tropical mountains
    • Monasterio M., and Vuilleumier F. (Eds), Oxford University Press, New York
    • Sarmiento G. Ecological features of climate in high tropical mountains. In: Monasterio M., and Vuilleumier F. (Eds). High Tropical Biogeography (1986), Oxford University Press, New York 11-45
    • (1986) High Tropical Biogeography , pp. 11-45
    • Sarmiento, G.1
  • 62
    • 26444524692 scopus 로고
    • Establishment of seedlings of Polylepis sericea in the páramo (alpine) zone of the venezuelan Andes
    • Smith A.P. Establishment of seedlings of Polylepis sericea in the páramo (alpine) zone of the venezuelan Andes. Bartonia 45 (1977) 11-14
    • (1977) Bartonia , vol.45 , pp. 11-14
    • Smith, A.P.1
  • 63
    • 34047134296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The R Foundation for Statistical Computing 2006. R version 2.3.1.
  • 64
    • 28544434301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do domestic herbivores retard Polylepis australis woodland recovery in the mountains of Córdoba, Argentina?
    • Teich I., Cingolani A., Renison D., Hensen I., and Giorgis M. Do domestic herbivores retard Polylepis australis woodland recovery in the mountains of Córdoba, Argentina?. For. Ecol. Manage. 219 (2005) 229-241
    • (2005) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.219 , pp. 229-241
    • Teich, I.1    Cingolani, A.2    Renison, D.3    Hensen, I.4    Giorgis, M.5
  • 65
    • 34047137473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UNEP-WCMC 2004. United Nations Environment Programme, World Conservation Monitoring Center. Cited October 1, 2005. http://www.unep-wcmc.org.
  • 66
    • 0034483795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mean annual temperature trends and their vertical structure in the tropical Andes
    • Vuille M., and Bradley R.S. Mean annual temperature trends and their vertical structure in the tropical Andes. Geophys. Res. Lett. 27 (2000) 3885-3888
    • (2000) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.27 , pp. 3885-3888
    • Vuille, M.1    Bradley, R.S.2
  • 67
    • 84989991361 scopus 로고
    • Die Bodentemperatur als ausschlaggebender Faktor für die Gliederung der subalpinen und alpinen Stufe in den Anden Venezuelas
    • Walter H., and Medina E. Die Bodentemperatur als ausschlaggebender Faktor für die Gliederung der subalpinen und alpinen Stufe in den Anden Venezuelas. Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 82 (1969) 275-281
    • (1969) Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft , vol.82 , pp. 275-281
    • Walter, H.1    Medina, E.2
  • 68
    • 0022190189 scopus 로고
    • New Zealand timberlines. 2. A study of forest limits in the Crow Valley near Arthur's Pass, Canterbury
    • Wardle P. New Zealand timberlines. 2. A study of forest limits in the Crow Valley near Arthur's Pass, Canterbury. N. Z. J. Bot. 23 (1985) 235-261
    • (1985) N. Z. J. Bot. , vol.23 , pp. 235-261
    • Wardle, P.1
  • 69
    • 0027045090 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for rising upper limits of four native New Zealand forest trees
    • Wardle P., and Coleman M.C. Evidence for rising upper limits of four native New Zealand forest trees. N. Z. J. Bot. 30 (1992) 303-314
    • (1992) N. Z. J. Bot. , vol.30 , pp. 303-314
    • Wardle, P.1    Coleman, M.C.2
  • 70
    • 3042573777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Logging versus fire: How does disturbance type influence the abundance of Pinus strobus regeneration?
    • Weyenberg S.A., Frelich S.E., and Reich P.B. Logging versus fire: How does disturbance type influence the abundance of Pinus strobus regeneration?. Silva Fennica 38 (2004) 179-194
    • (2004) Silva Fennica , vol.38 , pp. 179-194
    • Weyenberg, S.A.1    Frelich, S.E.2    Reich, P.B.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.