Development of next generation medical countermeasures to nerve agent poisoning

Toxicology

Volumn 233, Issue 1-3 SPEC. ISS., 2007, Pages 120-127

  Wetherell, Janet ^a   Price, Matthew ^a   Mumford, Helen ^a   Armstrong, Stuart ^a   Scott, Leah ^a  

^a DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LABORATORY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Guinea pig; Incapacitation; Intussusception; Lethality; Nerve agent; Therapy

Indexed keywords

1 (4 CARBAMOYLPYRIDINIO) 1' (2 HYDROXYIMINOMETHYLPYRIDINIO)DIMETHYL ETHER; ATROPINE; AVIZAFONE; HYOSCINE METHYL NITRATE; NERVE GAS; PHYSOSTIGMINE; SCOPOLAMINE BROMIDE; SCOPOLAMINE DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; ASPIRATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; DRUG SUBSTITUTION; EXPOSURE; GUINEA PIG; INCIDENCE; INTOXICATION; INTUSSUSCEPTION; LETHALITY; MALE; MONITORING; NONHUMAN; POLICY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SINGLE DRUG DOSE; SURVIVAL; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNITED KINGDOM;

ANIMALS; ANTIDOTES; ATROPINE; CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS; DIPEPTIDES; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; GUINEA PIGS; ILEAL DISEASES; INTUSSUSCEPTION; LETHAL DOSE 50; MALE; NEUROTOXICITY SYNDROMES; PHYSOSTIGMINE; PYRIDINIUM COMPOUNDS; SCOPOLAMINE DERIVATIVES; SOMAN; TIME FACTORS;

ANIMALIA; CAVIA; PRIMATES;

EID: 34047099192     PISSN: 0300483X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2006.07.028     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Aas P. Future considerations for the medical management of nerve-agent intoxication. Spec. Rep. Prehosp. Disaster Med. 18 3 (2004) 208-216
2. Berry W.K., and Davies D.R. The use of carbamates and atropine in the protection of animals against poisoning by 1,2,-trimethylpropylmethylphosphonofluoridate. Biochem. Pharmacol. 19 (1970) 927-934
3. Bernsteen L., Gregory C.R., Kyles A.E., Griffey S.M., and Patz J. Microemulsified cyclosporine-based immunosuppression for the prevention of acute renal allograft rejection in unrelated dogs: Preliminary experimental study. Vet. Surg. 32 3 (2003) 213-219
4. Dirnhuber P., French M.C., Green D.M., Leadbeater L., and Stratton J.A. The protection of primates against soman poisoning by pretreatment with pyridostigmine. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 31 (1979) 295-299
5. Dawson R.M. Review of oximes available for treatment of nerve agent poisoning. J. Appl. Toxicol. 14 5 (1994) 317-331
6. Erkert R.S., Crowson C.L., Moll H.D., Bentz B.G., Confer A.W., and Blaik M.A. Obstruction of the cecolic orifice by ileocecolic intussusception following jejunocecostomy in a horse. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 222 12 (2003) 1743
7. FDA. FDA Guidelines in Guidance for Industry. Estimating the Maximum Safe Starting Dose in Initial Clinical Trials for Therapeutics in Adult Healthy Volunteers (2005), FDA
8. Fosbraey P., Wetherell J.R., and French M.C. Effect of acute physostigmine-hyoscine pre-treatment on the neurochemical changes produced by soman in the guinea-pig. Neurochem. Int. 18 2 (1990) 265-273
9. Gordon J.J., and Leadbeater L. The prophylactic use of 1-methyl,2-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium methanesulphonate (P2S) in the treatment of organophosphate poisoning. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 40 (1977) 109-114
10. Gordon J.J., Leadbeater L., and Maidment M.P. The protection of animals against organophosphate poisoning by pretreatment with a carbamate. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 43 (1978) 207-216
11. Hainisch E.K., and Singer E.R. Subtotal colon resection for intussusception of the left dorsal colon in an eleven years old Highland gelding. Wien. Tierarztl. Monatsschr. 90 3 (2003) 54-57
12. Harrison P.K., Tattersall J.E., and Gosden E. The presence of atropinesterase activity in human plasma. Naunyn. Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. 373 3 (2006) 230-236
13. Inns R.H., and Leadbeater L. The efficacy of bispyridinium derivatives in the treatment of organophosphonate poisoning in the guinea-pig. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 35 (1983) 427-433
14. Kapikian A.Z. Reappraisal of the association of intussusception with the licensed live rotavirus vaccine challenges initial conclusions. J. Infect. Dis. 187 8 (2003) 1301-1308
15. Kassa J. Review of oximes in the antidotal treatment of poisoning by organophosphorus nerve agents. J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. 40 6 (2002) 803-816
16. Kluwe W.M., Page J.G., Toft J.D., Ridder W.E., and Chung H. Pharmacological and toxicological evaluation of orally administered pyridostigmine in dogs. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 14 1 (1990) 40-53
17. Koster R. Synergisms and antagonisms between physostigmine and di-isopropyl fluorophosphates in cats. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 88 (1946) 39-46
18. Leadbeater L., Inns R.H., and Rylands J.M. Treatment of poisoning by soman. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 5 (1985) S225-S231
19. Kyles A.E., Gregory C.R., Griffey S.M., Bernsteen L., and Morris R.E. Modified noble placation for the prevention of intestinal intussusception after renal transplantation in dogs. J. Invest. Surg. 16 3 (2003) 161-166
20. McDonough J.H., Zoeffel L.D., McMonagle J., Copeland T.L., Smith C.D., and Shih T.M. Anticonvulsant treatment of nerve agent seizures: anticholinergics versus diazepam in soman-intoxicated guinea-pigs. Epilepsy Res. 38 (2000) 1-14
21. Murphy B.R., Morens D.M., Simonsen L., Chanock R.M., La Montagne J.R., and Kapikian A.Z. Reappraisal of the association of intussusception with the licensed live rotavirus vaccine challenges initial conclusions. J. Infect. Dis. 187 8 (2003) 1301-1308
22. Murphy T.V., Smith P.J., Gargiullo P.M., and Schwartz B. The first rotavirus vaccine and intussusception: epidemiological studies and policy decisions. J. Infect. Dis. 187 8 (2003) 1309-1313
23. Oldiges H., and Schoene K. Pyridinium and imidazolium salts as antidotes for soman and paraxon poisoning in rats. Arch. Toxicol. 26 4 (1970) 293-305
24. Perez-Schael I., Escalona M., Salinas B., Materan M., Perez M.E., and Gonzalez G. Intussusception-associated hospitalization among Venezuelan infants during 1998 through 2001: anticipating rotavirus vaccines. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 22 3 (2003) 234-239
25. Scott E.A.M., Hollands R.N., and Wetherell J.R. The current UK medical countermeasures for nerve agent poisoning; physostigmine and hyoscine as an alternative to pyridostigmine. Proceedings of the CB Medical Treatment Symposium. vol. 1, NC Labs, Spiez, Switzerland, 5-8 December (1994)
26. Sheridan R.D., Beeson D., and Tattersall J.E.H. Non-competitive block of the human muscle adult nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ion channel by the bispyridinium compounds, SAD-128 (SAD), toxogonin (TOX) and HI-6. Eur. J. Neurosci. 12 Suppl. S (2000) 36
27. Tattersall J.E.H. Ion channel blockade by oximes and recovery of diaphragm muscle from soman poisoning in vitro. Br. J. Pharmacol. 108 (1983) 1006-1015
28. Wada S., Yoshimitsu T., Koga N., Yamada H., Oguri K., and Yoshimura H. Metabolism in vivo of the tropans alkaloid, scopolamine, in several mammalian species. Xenobiotica 21 10 (1991) 1289-1300
29. Wetherell J.R. Continuous administration of low dose rates of physostigmine and hyoscine to guinea-pigs prevents the toxicity and reduces the incapacitation produced by soman poisoning. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46 (1994) 1023-1038
30. Wetherell J.R., Hall T., and Passingham S. Physostigmine and hyoscine improves protection against the lethal and incapacitating effects of nerve agent poisoning in the guinea-pig. Neurotoxicology 23 (2002) 341-349
31. Wetherell J.R., Price M., and Mumford H. A novel approach for medical countermeasures to nerve agent poisoning in the guinea-pig. Neurotoxicology 27 (2006) 485-491