Sol - Gel reaction in acrylic polymer emulsions: The effect of particle surface charge

Langmuir

Volumn 23, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 3062-3066

  Watanabe, Mitsuru ^a   Tamai, Toshiyuki ^a  

^a OSAKA MUNICIPAL TECHNICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACRYLICS; EMULSIONS; GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS; POSITIVE IONS; REACTION KINETICS; SILICA; SURFACE CHARGE; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;

ACRYLIC POLYMER EMULSIONS; ANIONIC POLYMER PARTICLES; CATIONIC POLYMER PARTICLE SURFACE; HYBRID EMULSIONS;

SOL-GELS;

ANION; CATION; POLYMER; SILICON; SOLVENT;

ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; ELECTRICITY; GEL; HEAT; METHODOLOGY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; PARTICLE SIZE; PHASE TRANSITION; PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY; SURFACE PROPERTY; TEMPERATURE; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;

ANIONS; CATIONS; CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL; ELECTROSTATICS; GELS; HEAT; MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON, TRANSMISSION; PARTICLE SIZE; PHASE TRANSITION; POLYMERS; SILICON; SOLVENTS; SURFACE PROPERTIES; TEMPERATURE;

EID: 33947412758     PISSN: 07437463     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/la062999v     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. (a) Innocenzi, P.; Brusatin, G.; Licoccia, S.; Di Vona, M. L.; Babonneau, F.; Alonso, B. Chem. Mater. 2003, 15, 4790.
2. (b) Schottner, G. Chem. Mater. 2001, 13, 3422.
3. (c) Corriu, R. J. P.; Leclercq, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 1420.
4. Lovell, P. A.; Et-Aasser, M. S. Emulsion Polymerization and Emulsion Polymers; John Wiley and Sons: New York, 1997.
5. Yang, J.; Hu, D.; Fnag, Y.; Bai, C.; Wang, H. Chem. Mater. 2006, 18, 4902.
6. Lu, Y.; McLellan, J.; Xia, Y. Langmuir 2004, 20, 3464.
7. Sertchook, H.; Avnir, D. Chem. Mater. 2003, 15, 1690.
8. (a) Tissot, I.; Reymond, J. P.; Lefebvre, F.; Bourgeat-Lami, E. Chem. Mater. 2002, 14, 1325.
9. (b) Tissot, I.; Novat, C.; Lefebvre, F.; Bourgeat-Lami. E. Macromolecules 2001, 34, 5737.
10. (a) Zhang, M.; Gao, G.; Li, C.-Q.; Liu, F.-Q. Langmuir 2004, 20, 1420.
11. (b) Imhof, A. Langmuir 2001, 17, 3579.
12. (a) Watanabe, M.; Tamai, T. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2006, 44, 4763.
13. (b) Tamai, T.; Watanabe, M. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2006, 44, 273.
14. (a) Tong, X.; Tang, T.; Feng, Z.; Huang, B. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2002, 86, 3532.
15. (b) Tong, X.; Tang, T.; Zhang, Q.; Feng, Z.; Huang, B. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2002, 83, 446.
16. Ran, C. Y.; Liu, D. S.; Kong, X. Z.; Zhu, X. L. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2001, 82, 3194.
17. Stöber, W.; Fink, A.; Bohn, E. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1968, 26, 62.
18. (a) Caruso, F.; Lichtenfeld, H.;Donath, E.; Möhwald, H. Macromolecules 1999, 32, 2317.
19. (b) Donath, E.; Sukhorukov, G. B.; Caruso, F.; Davis, S. A.; Möhwald, H. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1998, 37, 2202.
20. (a) Lawrie, G.; Groøndahl, L.; Battersby, B.; Keen, I.; Lorentzen, M.; Surawski, P.; Trau, M. Langmuir 2006, 22, 497.
21. (b) Cho, Y.-S.; Yi, G.-R.; Lim, J.-M.; Kim, S.-H.; Manoharan, V. N.; Pine, D. J.; Yang, S.-M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 15968.
22. (a) Frasch, J.; Lebeau, B.; Soulard, M.; Patarin, J.; Zana, R. Langmuir 2000, 16, 9049.
23. (b) Kresge, C. T.; Leonowicz, M. E.; Roth, W. J.; Vartuli, J. C.; Beck, J. S. Nature 1992, 359, 710.
24. (c) Beck, J. S.; Vartuli, J. C.; Roth, W. J.; Leonowicz, M. E.; Kresge, C. T.; Schmitt, K. D.; Chu, C. T.-W.; Olson, D. H.; Sheppard, E. W.; McCullen, S. B.; Higgins, J. B.; Schlenker, J. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 10834.
25. Hentze, H.-P.; Raghavan, S. R.; McKelvey, C. A.; Kaler, E. W. Langmuir 2003, 19, 1069.
26. (a) Ni, K. F.; Shan, G. R.; Weng, Z. X.; Sheibat-Othman, N.; Fevotte, G.; Lefebvre, F.; Bourgeat-Lami, E. Macromolecules 2005, 38, 7321.
27. (b) Ni, K. F.; Sheibat-Othman, N.; Shan, G. R.; Fevotte, G.; Bourgeat-Lami, E. Macromolecules 2005, 38, 9100.
28. Marcu, I.; Daniels, E. S.; Dimonie, V. L.; Hagiopol, C.; Roberts, J. E.; El-Aasser, M. S. Macromolecules 2003, 36, 328.
29. Immersion of the film from 2a to 1,4-dioxane caused many small clacks on the film. Some pieces from the film were dispersed into the solvent, and some amount of the solvent remained between the clacks when the weight of the swelled film was measured. This might be because of underestimation of the gel content and overestimation of the swelling ratio. Although this result did not mean that the film from 2a was soluble in the solvent, the film was easily affected by the solvent. Thus, the film from 2a was less solvent resistant.
30. Rejection molecular weight of the cellulose tube used was 12 000 to 14 000. The degree of polymerization was calculated to be about 200mer for the MW 12 000 to 14 000 polymerized silicate.
31. 3 silicon indicated a full conversion of silicate to silica.
32. Observations of la and 2a were not successful. High silica content was needed to achieve good contrast. However, such high silica content hybrid emulsions were not stable and caused gelation for several days.
33. (a) Pérez, E.; Lang, J. Langmuir 2000, 16, 1874.
34. (b) Tamai, T.; Pinenq, P.; Winnik, M. A. Macromolecules 1999, 32, 6102.
35. (a) Aradian, A.; Raphaël, E.; de Gennes, P.-G. Macromolecules 2002, 35, 4036.
36. (b) Aradian, A.; Raphaël, E.; de Gennes, P.-G. Macromolecules 2000, 33, 9444.