Enhancing U.S. engagement with North Korea

Washington Quarterly

Volumn 30, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 53-69

  Wit, Joel S ^a  

^a U S DEPARTMENT OF STATE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33947398404     PISSN: 0163660X     EISSN: 15309177     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/wash.2007.30.2.53     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. "North Korea Is a Regional Problem While Iran Is a Global Issue," Straits Times, November 29, 2006.
2. Mitchell Reiss, "A Nuclear-Armed North Korea: Accepting the 'Unacceptable'?" Survival 48, no. 4 (Winter 2006-07): 97-109.
3. David S. Cloud and Jay Solomon, "North Korea Says It Is Developing Nuclear Weapons," Wall Street Journal, October 17, 2002, p. A3;
4. George Gedda, "North Korea Has Illegal Nuclear Arms Program; Nation Acknowledges Secret Work That Violates Treaty, U.S. Says," St. Louis Post-Dispatch, October 17, 2002, p. A1.
5. David Albright and Paul Brannan, "The North Korean Plutonium Stock Mid-2006," June 26, 2006, p. 10, http://www.isis-online.org/ publications/dprk/dprkplutonium.pdf
6. "Joint Statement of the Fourth Round of the Six-Party Talks," September 19, 2005, http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2005/53490.htm.
7. Chinese official, interview with author, Beijing, October 2005.
8. See Dianne E. Rennack, "North Korea: Economic Sanctions," CRS Report for Congress, RL31696, October 17, 2006.
9. U.S. official, interview with author, Washington, D.C., November 2005.
10. Ibid.
11. Arnold Kanter, "North Korean Missile Launches and Implications for U.S. Policy," PacNet, no. 35A (July 21, 2006), http://www.csis.org/ media/csis/pubs/pac0635a.pdf.
12. Robert Carlin, presentation, "North Korea: 2007 and Beyond," Washington, D.C., September 14, 2006.
13. Participant in six-party talks, interview with author, Beijing, December 2006.
14. Bob Woodward, Bush At War (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2002), p. 340;
15. Warren Strobel, "U.S. Acting Tough With N. Korea," Philadelphia Inquirer, December 21, 2003, p. A2;
16. Glenn Kessler, "Cheney Wields Power With Few Fingerprints," Washington Post, October 5, 2004, p. A1.
17. Kim Kook-shin, "U.S. Mid-term Election Results and Prospects for North Korean Policy," Korean Institute for National Unification Online Series, no. CO 06-14 (E) (November 2006), http://www.kinu.or.kr/ eng/kinu/module/common/download.asp?file_dir=/eng/KINU/doc/ kinu_data_01/&file_name=CO%2006-14[E][1].pdf.
18. Ralph C. Hassig and Kongdan Oh, "Prospects for Ending North Korea's Nuclear Weapons Program," October 19, 2006, http://www.fpri.org/ enotes/20061017.asia.hassigoh.endingnorthkoreasnuclearprogram.html.
19. Reiss, "Nuclear-Armed North Korea," p. 101.
20. Office of the Spokesman, U.S. Department of State, "U.S.-D.P.R.K. Joint Communique," October 12, 2000, http://www.armscontrol.org/ Events/commique.asp (hereinafter "U.S.-D.P.R.K. Joint Communique").
21. "Joint Statement of the Fourth Round of the Six-Party Talks."
22. Ibid.
23. "U.S.-D.P.R.K. Joint Communique."
24. Participant in six-party talks, interview with author, Beijing, December 20, 2006.
25. Mari Yamaguchi, "U.S., North Korea Financial Experts Meet," Associated Press, December 19, 2006, http://abcnews.go.com/International/ wireStory?id=2736591&CMP=OTC-RSSFeeds0312.
26. See Joel S. Wit, Dan Poneman, and Robert L. Gallucci, Going Critical: The First North Korean Nuclear Crisis (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2004).
27. Ibid., p. 258.
28. Reiss, "Nuclear-Armed North Korea," p. 102.
29. "Roh: U.S. Wrecked Hopes of Nuclear Deal With North Korea," ABS-CBN Interactive, December 26, 2006, http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/ storypage.aspx?StoryId=60253.
30. U.S. expert, interview with author, New York City, December 2006.
31. See Lee V. Sigal, "Building a Peace Regime in Korea: An American View," International Journal of Korean Unification Studies 15, no. 1 (2006): 30-52.
32. Wit, Poneman, and Gallucci, Going Critical, p. 340.
33. "U.S. Senator Seeks 10 Billion Dollars for North Korean Human Crisis," Agence France-Presse, November 15, 2006.
34. Brad Babson, e-mail exchange with author, December 2006.
35. See Joel S. Wit, Jon Wolfsthal, and Choong-suk oh, "The Six Party Talks and Beyond: Cooperative Threat Reduction and North Korea," December 16, 2005, http://www.csis.org/media/csis/pubs/051216_ctr.pdf.
36. Emma Chanlett-Avery, "North Korea's Nuclear Test: Motivations, Implications, and U.S. Options," CRS Report for Congress, RL33709, October 24, 2006, p. 2.
37. Brent Scowcroft and Daniel Poneman, "Confront North Korea," Wall Street Journal, May 26, 2006, p. A12;
38. Heejin Koo, "U.S. Should Hold Talks With N. Korea, Armitage Says," Bloomberg.com, December 22, 2006, http://www.bloomberg.com/ apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=aC5tNlhvn8bo&refer=home.
39. Henry Kissinger, "The Next Steps With Iran; Negotiations Must Go Beyond Nuclear Threats to Broader Issues," Washington Post, July 31, 2006, p. A15.
40. "Americans Believe U.S. International Strategy Has Backfired," Worldpublicopinion.org, December 6, 2006, http://www.worldpublicopinion.org/pipa/articles/home_page/ 284.php?nid=&id=&pnt=284&1b=hmpgl.
41. Cable News Network Poll, Opinion Research Corporation, October 13-15, 2006;
42. Princeton Survey Research Associates International/Newsweek Poll, October 2006;
43. Washington Post-ABC News Poll: Social Security and Iraq, March 15, 2005 (data provided by the Roper Center for Public Opinion Research, University of Connecticut).