Overdiagnosis and overtreatment of early detected prostate cancer

World Journal of Urology

Volumn 25, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 3-9

  Bangma, C H ^a   Roemeling, S ^a   Schroder F H ^a  

^a ERASMUS MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Active surveillance; Overdiagnosis; Overtreatment; Prostate cancer; Rationale for screening

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; MALE; PROSTATE TUMOR; RISK FACTOR; UNNECESSARY PROCEDURE;

EARLY DIAGNOSIS; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS; RISK FACTORS; UNNECESSARY PROCEDURES;

EID: 33947397957     PISSN: 07244983     EISSN: 14338726     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00345-007-0145-z     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. de Koning HJ, Auvinen A, Berenguer Sanchez A et al (2002) Large-scale randomized prostate cancer screening trials: Program performances in the European randomized screening for prostate cancer trial and the prostate, lung, colorectal and ovary cancer trial. Int J Cancer 97(2):237-244
2. Lowe JB, Ball J, Lynch BM et al (2004) Acceptability and feasibility of a community-based screening programme for melanoma in Australia. Health Promot Int 19(4):437-444
3. Van Iersel CA, de Koning HJ, Draisma G et al (2006) Risk-based selection from the general population in a screening trial: Selection criteria, recruitment and power for the Dutch-Belgian randomised lung cancer multi-slice CT screening trial (NELSON). Int J Cancer (in press)
4. Henschke CI, Yankelevitz DF, Libby DM, Pasmantier MW, Smith JP, Miettinen OS (2006). Survival of patients with stage I lung cancer detected on CT screening. N Engl J Med 355(17):1763-1771
5. O'Brien B, Nichaman L, Browne JE, Levin DL, Prorok PC, Gohagan JK (2000) Prostate, lung, colorectal and ovarian cancer screening trial project team. coordination and management of a large multicenter screening trial: The prostate, lung, colorectal and ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial. Control Clin Trials 21(Suppl 6):310S-328S
6. Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Ratliff TL et al (1991) Measurement of prostate-specific antigen in serum as a screening test for prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 324(17):1156-1161
7. Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P (2005) Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin 55(2):74-108
8. Sakr WA, Grignon DJ, Crissman JD et al (1994) High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and prostatic adenocarcinoma between the ages of 20-69: An autopsy study of 249 cases. In Vivo 8(3):439-443
9. Nadler RB, Loeb S, Roehl KA, Antenor JA, Eggener S, Catalona WJ (2005) Use of 2.6 ng/ml prostate specific antigen prompt for biopsy in men older than 60 years. J Urol 174(6):2154-2157
10. Aus G, Abbou CC, Bolla M et al (2005) EAU guidelines on prostate cancer. Eur Urol 48(4):546-551
11. Welch HG, Schwartz LM, Woloshin S (2005) Prostate-specific antigen levels in the United States: Implications of various definitions for abnormal. J Natl Cancer Inst 97(15):1132-1137
12. Kopec JA, Goel V, Bunting PS et al (2005) Screening with prostate specific antigen and metastatic prostate cancer risk: A population based case-control study. J Urol 174(2):495-499; discussion 499
13. Concato J, Wells CK, Horwitz RI et al (2006) The effectiveness of screening for prostate cancer: A nested case-control study. Arch Intern Med 166(1):38-43
14. Weinmann S, Richert-Boe K, Glass AG, Weiss NS (2004) Prostate cancer screening and mortality: A case-control study (United States). Cancer Causes Control 15(2):133-138
15. Postma R, van Leenders AG, Roobol MJ, Schroder FH, van der Kwast TH (2006) Tumor features in the control and screening arm of a randomized trial of prostate cancer. Eur Urol 50(1):70-5 Epub 2005 Dec 19
16. Gosselaar C, Roobol MJ, Schroder FH (2005) Prevalence and characteristics of screen-detected prostate carcinomas at low prostate-specific antigen levels: Aggressive or insignificant? BJU Int 95(2):231-7 Review
17. Epstein JI, Walsh PC, Carmichael M, Brendler CB (1994) Pathologic and clinical findings to predict tumor extent of nonpalpable (stage T1c) prostate cancer. JAMA 271(5):368-374
18. Auvin A, Maattanen L, Stenman UH et al (2002) Lead-time in prostate cancer screening (Finland). Cancer Causes Control 13(3):279-285
19. Draisma G, Boer R, Otto SJ et al (2003) Lead times and overdetection due to prostate-specific antigen screening: Estimates from the European randomized study of screening for prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 95(12):868-878
20. Rietbergen JB, Hoedemaeker RF, Kruger AE, Kirkels WJ, Schroder FH (1999) The changing pattern of prostate cancer at the time of diagnosis: characteristics of screen detected prostate cancer in a population based screening study. J Urol 161(4):1192-1198
21. Bill-Axelson A, Holmberg L, Ruutu M et al (2005) Radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting in early prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 352(19):1977-1984
22. Draisma G, Postma R, Schroder FH, van der Kwast TH, de Koning HJ (2006) Gleason score, age and screening: Modeling dedifferentiation in prostate cancer. Int J Cancer 119(10):2366-2371
23. Albertsen PC, Hanley JA, Fine J (2005) 20-year outcomes following conservative management of clinically localized prostate cancer. JAMA 293(17):2095-2101
24. Johansson JE, Andren O, Andersson SO et al (2004) Natural history of early, localized prostate cancer. JAMA 291(22):2713-2719
25. Klotz L (2006) Active surveillance versus radical treatment for favorable-risk localized prostate cancer. Curr Treat Options Oncol 7(5):355-362
26. Bangma CH, Rietbergen JB, Kranse R, Blijenberg BG, Petterson K, Schroder FH (1997) The free-to-total prostate specific antigen ratio improves the specificity of prostate specific antigen in screening for prostate cancer in the general population. J Urol 157(6):2191-2196
27. Raaijmakers R, de Vries SH, Blijenberg BG, Wildhagen MF, Postma R, Bangma CH, Darte C, Schröder FH (2007) HK2 and free PSA, a powerful prognostic combination in predicting minimal prostate cancer in screen-detected men within the PSA range 4-10 ng/mL. Eur Urol (submitted)
28. Yurdakul G, Bangma CH, Blijenberg BG, van Zelst BD, Wildhagen MF, van der Kwast TH, Schroder FH (2002) Different PSA assays lead to detection of prostate cancers with identical histological features. Eur Urol 42(2):154-158
29. Roobol MJ, Roobol DW, Schroder FH (2005) Is additional testing necessary in men with prostate-specific antigen levels of 1.0 ng/mL or less in a population-based screening setting? (ERSPC, section Rotterdam). Urology 65(2):343-346
30. Crawford ED, Pinsky PF, Chia D, Kramer BS, Fagerstrom RM, Andriole G, Reding D, Gelmann EP, Levin DL, Gohagan JK (2006) Prostate specific antigen changes as related to the initial prostate specific antigen: data from the prostate, lung, colorectal and ovarian cancer screening trial. J Urol 175(4):1199-2000
31. Sokoloff MH, Brendler CB (2000) Radical retropubic prostatectomy. Principles and Practice of Oncology Updates 14:1
32. Stanford JL, Feng Z, Hamilton AS et al (2000) Urinary and sexual function after radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer: The Prostate Cancer Outcomes Study. JAMA 283(3):354-360
33. Benoit RM, Naslund MJ, Cohen JK (2000) Complications after radical retropubic prostatectomy in the medicare population. Urology 56(1):116-120
34. Hamilton AS, Stanford JL, Gilliland FD et al (2001) Health outcomes after external-beam radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer: Results from the prostate cancer outcomes study. J Clin Oncol 19(9):2517-2526
35. Gelblum DY, Potters L (2000) Rectal complications associated with transperineal interstitial brachytherapy for prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 48(1):119-124
36. Kleinberg L, Wallner K, Roy J et al (1994) Treatment-related symptoms during the first year following transperineal 125I prostate implantation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 28(4):985-990
37. Theodorescu D, Gillenwater JY, Koutrouvelis PG (2000) Prostatourethral-rectal fistula after prostate brachytherapy. Cancer 89(10):2085-2091
38. Klotz LH (2005) Active surveillance for good risk prostate cancer: rationale, method, and results. Can J Urol 12(Suppl 2):21-24
39. Goto Y, Ohori M, Arakawa A, Kattan MW, Wheeler TM, Scardino PT (1996) Distinguishing clinically important from unimportant prostate cancers before treatment: Value of systematic biopsies. J Urol 156(3):1059-1063
40. Kattan MW, Eastham JA, Wheeler TM et al (2003) Counseling men with prostate cancer: A nomogram for predicting the presence of small, moderately differentiated, confined tumors. J Urol 170(5):1792-1797
41. Steyerberg EW, Roobol MJ, Kattan MW, van der Kwast TH, de Koning HJ, Schröder FH (2007). Prediction of indolent prostate cancer: validation and updating of a prognostic nomogram. J Urol 177:107-112
42. Van Gils MPMQ, Stenman UH, Schalken JA, Schröder FH, Luider TM, Lilja H, Bjartell A, Hemdy FC, Petterson KSI, Bischoff R, Takalo H, Nilsson O, Mulders PFA, Bangma CH (2005) Innovations in serum and urine markers in prostate cancer. Current European research in the P-Mark project. Eur Urol 48:1031-1041