메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 278-288

Premorbid (early life) IQ and Later Mortality Risk: Systematic Review

Author keywords

Child; IQ; Mortality

Indexed keywords

ASSOCIATION; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DATA BASE; EMBASE; HUMAN; INFORMATION PROCESSING; INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT; MEASUREMENT; MEDLINE; MORTALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCINFO; QUALITY CONTROL; REFERENCE DATABASE; REVIEW; SOCIOECONOMICS;

EID: 33947394839     PISSN: 10472797     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2006.07.010     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (377)

References (84)
  • 1
    • 33947400855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deary IJ, Batty GD. Cognitive epidemiology: A glossary of terms. J Epidemiol Community Health. (in press).
  • 2
    • 0037442005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation between cognitive function and mortality in middle-aged adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
    • Pavlik V.N., de Moraes S.A., Szklo M., Knopman D.S., Mosley Jr. T.H., and Hyman D.J. Relation between cognitive function and mortality in middle-aged adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Am J Epidemiol 157 (2003) 327-334
    • (2003) Am J Epidemiol , vol.157 , pp. 327-334
    • Pavlik, V.N.1    de Moraes, S.A.2    Szklo, M.3    Knopman, D.S.4    Mosley Jr., T.H.5    Hyman, D.J.6
  • 3
    • 12944255682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reaction time explains IQ's association with death
    • Deary I.J., and Der G. Reaction time explains IQ's association with death. Psychol Sci 16 (2005) 64-69
    • (2005) Psychol Sci , vol.16 , pp. 64-69
    • Deary, I.J.1    Der, G.2
  • 4
    • 0034174367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive impairment and mortality in the community-dwelling elderly
    • Bassuk S.S., Wypij D., and Berkman L.F. Cognitive impairment and mortality in the community-dwelling elderly. Am J Epidemiol 151 (2000) 676-688
    • (2000) Am J Epidemiol , vol.151 , pp. 676-688
    • Bassuk, S.S.1    Wypij, D.2    Berkman, L.F.3
  • 5
  • 6
    • 0028102621 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive impairment and mortality in older community residents
    • Kelman H.R., Thomas C., Kennedy G.J., and Cheng J. Cognitive impairment and mortality in older community residents. Am J Public Health 84 (1994) 1255-1260
    • (1994) Am J Public Health , vol.84 , pp. 1255-1260
    • Kelman, H.R.1    Thomas, C.2    Kennedy, G.J.3    Cheng, J.4
  • 7
    • 0031013781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early cognitive markers of the incidence of dementia and mortality: A longitudinal population-based study of the oldest old
    • Johansson B., and Zarit S.H. Early cognitive markers of the incidence of dementia and mortality: A longitudinal population-based study of the oldest old. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 12 (1997) 53-59
    • (1997) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.12 , pp. 53-59
    • Johansson, B.1    Zarit, S.H.2
  • 9
    • 1642578151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intelligence: Is it the epidemiologists' elusive "fundamental cause" of social class inequalities in health?
    • Gottfredson L.S. Intelligence: Is it the epidemiologists' elusive "fundamental cause" of social class inequalities in health?. J Pers Soc Psychol 86 (2004) 174-199
    • (2004) J Pers Soc Psychol , vol.86 , pp. 174-199
    • Gottfredson, L.S.1
  • 10
    • 0141688134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertension and cognitive function: Pathophysiologic effects of hypertension on the brain
    • Manolio T.A., Olson J., and Longstreth W.T. Hypertension and cognitive function: Pathophysiologic effects of hypertension on the brain. Curr Hypertens Rep 5 (2003) 255-261
    • (2003) Curr Hypertens Rep , vol.5 , pp. 255-261
    • Manolio, T.A.1    Olson, J.2    Longstreth, W.T.3
  • 11
    • 9644291424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes, and cognitive function
    • Awad N., Gagnon M., and Messier C. The relationship between impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes, and cognitive function. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 26 (2004) 1044-1080
    • (2004) J Clin Exp Neuropsychol , vol.26 , pp. 1044-1080
    • Awad, N.1    Gagnon, M.2    Messier, C.3
  • 12
    • 2342514215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood cognitive ability and deaths up until middle age: A post-war birth cohort study
    • Kuh D., Richards M., Hardy R., Butterworth S., and Wadsworth M.E. Childhood cognitive ability and deaths up until middle age: A post-war birth cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 33 (2004) 408-413
    • (2004) Int J Epidemiol , vol.33 , pp. 408-413
    • Kuh, D.1    Richards, M.2    Hardy, R.3    Butterworth, S.4    Wadsworth, M.E.5
  • 13
    • 0042319112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic position in early life, birth weight, childhood cognitive function, and adult mortality. A longitudinal study of Danish men born in 1953
    • Osler M., Andersen A.M., Due P., Lund R., Damsgaard M.T., and Holstein B.E. Socioeconomic position in early life, birth weight, childhood cognitive function, and adult mortality. A longitudinal study of Danish men born in 1953. J Epidemiol Community Health 57 (2003) 681-686
    • (2003) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.57 , pp. 681-686
    • Osler, M.1    Andersen, A.M.2    Due, P.3    Lund, R.4    Damsgaard, M.T.5    Holstein, B.E.6
  • 14
    • 33745629588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between cognitive ability measured at ages 18-20 and mortality during 30 years of follow-up-A prospective observational study among Swedish males born 1949-51
    • Hemmingsson T., Melin B., Allebeck P., and Lundberg I. The association between cognitive ability measured at ages 18-20 and mortality during 30 years of follow-up-A prospective observational study among Swedish males born 1949-51. Int J Epidemiol 35 (2006) 665-670
    • (2006) Int J Epidemiol , vol.35 , pp. 665-670
    • Hemmingsson, T.1    Melin, B.2    Allebeck, P.3    Lundberg, I.4
  • 15
    • 4544236967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early life intelligence and adult health
    • Batty G.D., and Deary I.J. Early life intelligence and adult health. BMJ 329 (2004) 585-586
    • (2004) BMJ , vol.329 , pp. 585-586
    • Batty, G.D.1    Deary, I.J.2
  • 16
    • 2342561841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commentary: Influence of early life intelligence test performance on later health: Do lower scoring children become less healthy adults?
    • Osler M., and Batty G.D. Commentary: Influence of early life intelligence test performance on later health: Do lower scoring children become less healthy adults?. Int J Epidemiol 33 (2004) 414-415
    • (2004) Int J Epidemiol , vol.33 , pp. 414-415
    • Osler, M.1    Batty, G.D.2
  • 17
    • 1642340113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intelligence predicts health and longevity, but why?
    • Gottfredson L.S., and Deary I.J. Intelligence predicts health and longevity, but why?. Curr Dir Psychol Sci 13 (2004) 1-5
    • (2004) Curr Dir Psychol Sci , vol.13 , pp. 1-5
    • Gottfredson, L.S.1    Deary, I.J.2
  • 18
    • 33745619541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commentary: Pre-morbid IQ and later health: The rapidly evolving field of cognitive epidemiology
    • Deary I.J., and Batty G.D. Commentary: Pre-morbid IQ and later health: The rapidly evolving field of cognitive epidemiology. Int J Epidemiol 35 (2006) 670-672
    • (2006) Int J Epidemiol , vol.35 , pp. 670-672
    • Deary, I.J.1    Batty, G.D.2
  • 20
    • 0037262630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spirituality, religion, and health. An emerging research field
    • Miller W.R., and Thoresen C.E. Spirituality, religion, and health. An emerging research field. Am Psychol 58 (2003) 24-35
    • (2003) Am Psychol , vol.58 , pp. 24-35
    • Miller, W.R.1    Thoresen, C.E.2
  • 22
    • 0024150978 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for mortality in Australian Vietnam-era national servicemen: A case-control study
    • O'Toole B.I., Adena M.A., and Jones M.P. Risk factors for mortality in Australian Vietnam-era national servicemen: A case-control study. Community Health Stud 12 (1988) 408-417
    • (1988) Community Health Stud , vol.12 , pp. 408-417
    • O'Toole, B.I.1    Adena, M.A.2    Jones, M.P.3
  • 23
    • 0002087026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linguistic ability in early life and longevity: Findings from the Nun Study
    • Robine J.-M., Forette B., Franceschi C., and Allard M. (Eds), Springer, New York
    • Snowdon D.A., Greiner L., Kemper S., Nanayakkara N., and Mortimer J. Linguistic ability in early life and longevity: Findings from the Nun Study. In: Robine J.-M., Forette B., Franceschi C., and Allard M. (Eds). The Paradoxes of Longevity (1999), Springer, New York 103-113
    • (1999) The Paradoxes of Longevity , pp. 103-113
    • Snowdon, D.A.1    Greiner, L.2    Kemper, S.3    Nanayakkara, N.4    Mortimer, J.5
  • 24
    • 0035820373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal cohort study of childhood IQ and survival up to age 76
    • Whalley L.J., and Deary I.J. Longitudinal cohort study of childhood IQ and survival up to age 76. BMJ 322 (2001) 1-5
    • (2001) BMJ , vol.322 , pp. 1-5
    • Whalley, L.J.1    Deary, I.J.2
  • 25
    • 0141634200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood IQ, social class, deprivation, and their relationships with mortality and morbidity risk in later life: Prospective observational study linking the Scottish Mental Survey 1932 and the Midspan studies
    • Hart C.L., Taylor M.D., Davey Smith G., Whalley L.J., Starr J.M., Hole D.J., et al. Childhood IQ, social class, deprivation, and their relationships with mortality and morbidity risk in later life: Prospective observational study linking the Scottish Mental Survey 1932 and the Midspan studies. Psychosom Med 65 (2003) 877-883
    • (2003) Psychosom Med , vol.65 , pp. 877-883
    • Hart, C.L.1    Taylor, M.D.2    Davey Smith, G.3    Whalley, L.J.4    Starr, J.M.5    Hole, D.J.6
  • 26
    • 1642455817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of childhood intelligence on later life: Following up the Scottish Mental Surveys of 1932 and 1947
    • Deary I.J., Whiteman M.C., Starr J.M., Whalley L.J., and Fox H.C. The impact of childhood intelligence on later life: Following up the Scottish Mental Surveys of 1932 and 1947. J Pers Soc Psychol 86 (2004) 130-147
    • (2004) J Pers Soc Psychol , vol.86 , pp. 130-147
    • Deary, I.J.1    Whiteman, M.C.2    Starr, J.M.3    Whalley, L.J.4    Fox, H.C.5
  • 27
    • 38249013248 scopus 로고
    • Ultimate validity of psychological tests
    • O'Toole B., and Stankov L. Ultimate validity of psychological tests. Person Individ Diff 13 (1992) 699-716
    • (1992) Person Individ Diff , vol.13 , pp. 699-716
    • O'Toole, B.1    Stankov, L.2
  • 28
    • 18744409367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood IQ and all-cause mortality before and after age 65: Prospective observational study linking the Scottish Mental Survey 1932 and the Midspan studies
    • Hart C.L., Taylor M.D., Smith G.D., Whalley L.J., Starr J.M., Hole D.J., et al. Childhood IQ and all-cause mortality before and after age 65: Prospective observational study linking the Scottish Mental Survey 1932 and the Midspan studies. Br J Health Psychol 10 (2005) 153-165
    • (2005) Br J Health Psychol , vol.10 , pp. 153-165
    • Hart, C.L.1    Taylor, M.D.2    Smith, G.D.3    Whalley, L.J.4    Starr, J.M.5    Hole, D.J.6
  • 29
    • 4444293993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood IQ and cardiovascular disease in adulthood: Prospective observational study linking the Scottish Mental Survey 1932 and the Midspan studies
    • Hart C.L., Taylor M.D., Davey Smith G., Whalley L.J., Starr J.M., Hole D.J., et al. Childhood IQ and cardiovascular disease in adulthood: Prospective observational study linking the Scottish Mental Survey 1932 and the Midspan studies. Soc Sci Med 59 (2004) 2131-2138
    • (2004) Soc Sci Med , vol.59 , pp. 2131-2138
    • Hart, C.L.1    Taylor, M.D.2    Davey Smith, G.3    Whalley, L.J.4    Starr, J.M.5    Hole, D.J.6
  • 30
    • 3543004796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive performance in childhood and early adult illness: A prospective cohort study
    • Martin L.T., Fitzmaurice G.M., Kindlon D.J., and Buka S.L. Cognitive performance in childhood and early adult illness: A prospective cohort study. J Epidemiol Community Health 58 (2004) 674-679
    • (2004) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.58 , pp. 674-679
    • Martin, L.T.1    Fitzmaurice, G.M.2    Kindlon, D.J.3    Buka, S.L.4
  • 31
    • 2342488298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intelligence in childhood and mortality, migration, questionnaire response rate, and self-reported morbidity and risk factor levels in adulthood-Preliminary findings from the Aberdeen 'Children of the 1950s' study
    • [abstract] S1A
    • Batty G.D., Clark H., Morton S.M.B., Macintyre S., and Leon D.A. Intelligence in childhood and mortality, migration, questionnaire response rate, and self-reported morbidity and risk factor levels in adulthood-Preliminary findings from the Aberdeen 'Children of the 1950s' study. [abstract]. J Epidemiol Community Health 56 Suppl II (2002) S1A
    • (2002) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.56 , Issue.SUPPL. II
    • Batty, G.D.1    Clark, H.2    Morton, S.M.B.3    Macintyre, S.4    Leon, D.A.5
  • 32
    • 27544436961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood cognitive performance and risk of mortality: A prospective cohort study of gifted individuals
    • Martin L.T., and Kubzansky L.D. Childhood cognitive performance and risk of mortality: A prospective cohort study of gifted individuals. Am J Epidemiol 162 (2005) 887-890
    • (2005) Am J Epidemiol , vol.162 , pp. 887-890
    • Martin, L.T.1    Kubzansky, L.D.2
  • 35
    • 0035956731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birth weight and cognitive function in the British 1946 birth cohort: Longitudinal population based study
    • Richards M., Hardy R., Kuh D., and Wadsworth M.E. Birth weight and cognitive function in the British 1946 birth cohort: Longitudinal population based study. BMJ 322 (2001) 199-203
    • (2001) BMJ , vol.322 , pp. 199-203
    • Richards, M.1    Hardy, R.2    Kuh, D.3    Wadsworth, M.E.4
  • 36
    • 0036100111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birthweight, postnatal growth and cognitive function in a national UK birth cohort
    • Richards M., Hardy R., Kuh D., and Wadsworth M.E. Birthweight, postnatal growth and cognitive function in a national UK birth cohort. Int J Epidemiol 31 (2002) 342-348
    • (2002) Int J Epidemiol , vol.31 , pp. 342-348
    • Richards, M.1    Hardy, R.2    Kuh, D.3    Wadsworth, M.E.4
  • 38
    • 0033510838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intellectual and physical performance and morbidity in relation to height in a cohort of 18-year-old Swedish conscripts
    • Tuvemo T., Jonsson B., and Persson I. Intellectual and physical performance and morbidity in relation to height in a cohort of 18-year-old Swedish conscripts. Horm Res 52 (1999) 186-191
    • (1999) Horm Res , vol.52 , pp. 186-191
    • Tuvemo, T.1    Jonsson, B.2    Persson, I.3
  • 41
    • 3042726904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood socioeconomic circumstances and cause-specific mortality in adulthood: Systematic review and interpretation
    • Galobardes B., Lynch J.W., and Davey Smith G. Childhood socioeconomic circumstances and cause-specific mortality in adulthood: Systematic review and interpretation. Epidemiol Rev 26 (2004) 7-21
    • (2004) Epidemiol Rev , vol.26 , pp. 7-21
    • Galobardes, B.1    Lynch, J.W.2    Davey Smith, G.3
  • 42
    • 32044441235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review of the influence of childhood socioeconomic circumstances on risk for cardiovascular disease in adulthood
    • Galobardes B., Smith G.D., and Lynch J.W. Systematic review of the influence of childhood socioeconomic circumstances on risk for cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Ann Epidemiol 16 (2006) 91-104
    • (2006) Ann Epidemiol , vol.16 , pp. 91-104
    • Galobardes, B.1    Smith, G.D.2    Lynch, J.W.3
  • 43
    • 8644227623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birth weight and cognitive ability in childhood: A systematic review
    • Shenkin S.D., Starr J.M., and Deary I.J. Birth weight and cognitive ability in childhood: A systematic review. Psychol Bull 130 (2004) 989-1013
    • (2004) Psychol Bull , vol.130 , pp. 989-1013
    • Shenkin, S.D.1    Starr, J.M.2    Deary, I.J.3
  • 48
    • 33644957089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does IQ explain socioeconomic inequalities in health? Evidence from a population based cohort study in the west of Scotland
    • Batty G.D., Der G., Macintyre S., and Deary I.J. Does IQ explain socioeconomic inequalities in health? Evidence from a population based cohort study in the west of Scotland. BMJ 332 (2006) 580-584
    • (2006) BMJ , vol.332 , pp. 580-584
    • Batty, G.D.1    Der, G.2    Macintyre, S.3    Deary, I.J.4
  • 49
    • 33947365799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Batty GD, Deary I, Macintyre S. Childhood IQ in relation to physiological and behavioural risk factors for premature mortality in middle-aged persons: The Aberdeen Children of the 1950s Study. J Epidemiol Community Health. (in press).
  • 50
    • 0038173763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood mental ability and smoking cessation in adulthood: Prospective observational study linking the Scottish Mental Survey 1932 and the Midspan studies
    • Taylor M.D., Hart C.L., Davey Smith G., Starr J.M., Hole D.J., Whalley L.J., et al. Childhood mental ability and smoking cessation in adulthood: Prospective observational study linking the Scottish Mental Survey 1932 and the Midspan studies. J Epidemiol Community Health 57 (2003) 464-465
    • (2003) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.57 , pp. 464-465
    • Taylor, M.D.1    Hart, C.L.2    Davey Smith, G.3    Starr, J.M.4    Hole, D.J.5    Whalley, L.J.6
  • 51
    • 33749241532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Batty GD, Deary I, Macintyre S. Childhood IQ and life course socioeconomic position in relation to alcohol induced hangovers in adulthood: the Aberdeen children of the 1950s study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2006 Oct;60(10):872-874.
  • 52
    • 33745963266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood IQ in relation to obesity and weight gain in adult life: The National Child Development (1958) Study
    • Chandola T., Deary I.J., Blane D., and Batty G.D. Childhood IQ in relation to obesity and weight gain in adult life: The National Child Development (1958) Study. Int J Obes (Lond) 30 (2006) 1422-1432
    • (2006) Int J Obes (Lond) , vol.30 , pp. 1422-1432
    • Chandola, T.1    Deary, I.J.2    Blane, D.3    Batty, G.D.4
  • 53
    • 0021971327 scopus 로고
    • Intelligence test performance in obesity in relation to educational attainment and parental social class
    • Sorensen T.I., and Sonne-Holm S. Intelligence test performance in obesity in relation to educational attainment and parental social class. J Biosoc Sci 17 (1985) 379-387
    • (1985) J Biosoc Sci , vol.17 , pp. 379-387
    • Sorensen, T.I.1    Sonne-Holm, S.2
  • 54
    • 33947373790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deary I, Whalley L, Batty G, Starr J. Physical fitness and lifetime cognitive change. Neurology. (in press).
  • 55
    • 0036750633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bicycle helmet-wearing variation and associated factors in Ontario teenagers and adults
    • Irvine A., Rowe B.H., and Sahai V. Bicycle helmet-wearing variation and associated factors in Ontario teenagers and adults. Can J Public Health 93 (2002) 368-373
    • (2002) Can J Public Health , vol.93 , pp. 368-373
    • Irvine, A.1    Rowe, B.H.2    Sahai, V.3
  • 57
    • 0031985505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of functional health literacy to patients' knowledge of their chronic disease. A study of patients with hypertension and diabetes
    • Williams M.V., Baker D.W., Parker R.M., and Nurss J.R. Relationship of functional health literacy to patients' knowledge of their chronic disease. A study of patients with hypertension and diabetes. Arch Intern Med 158 (1998) 166-172
    • (1998) Arch Intern Med , vol.158 , pp. 166-172
    • Williams, M.V.1    Baker, D.W.2    Parker, R.M.3    Nurss, J.R.4
  • 58
    • 0028840955 scopus 로고
    • Inadequate functional health literacy among patients at two public hospitals
    • Williams M.V., Parker R.M., Baker D.W., Parikh N.S., Pitkin K., Coates W.C., et al. Inadequate functional health literacy among patients at two public hospitals. JAMA 274 (1995) 1677-1682
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 1677-1682
    • Williams, M.V.1    Parker, R.M.2    Baker, D.W.3    Parikh, N.S.4    Pitkin, K.5    Coates, W.C.6
  • 59
    • 0034959855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of socioeconomic position to the case fatality, prognosis and treatment of myocardial infarction events; The FINMONICA MI Register Study
    • Salomaa V., Miettinen H., Niemela M., Ketonen M., Mahonen M., Immonen-Raiha P., et al. Relation of socioeconomic position to the case fatality, prognosis and treatment of myocardial infarction events; The FINMONICA MI Register Study. J Epidemiol Community Health 55 (2001) 475-482
    • (2001) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.55 , pp. 475-482
    • Salomaa, V.1    Miettinen, H.2    Niemela, M.3    Ketonen, M.4    Mahonen, M.5    Immonen-Raiha, P.6
  • 60
    • 23744490112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood IQ in relation to later psychiatric disorder: Evidence from a Danish birth cohort study
    • Batty G.D., Mortensen E.L., and Osler M. Childhood IQ in relation to later psychiatric disorder: Evidence from a Danish birth cohort study. Br J Psychiatry 187 (2005) 180-181
    • (2005) Br J Psychiatry , vol.187 , pp. 180-181
    • Batty, G.D.1    Mortensen, E.L.2    Osler, M.3
  • 61
    • 0036239584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood mental ability and lifetime psychiatric contact a 66-year follow-up study of the 1932 Scottish Mental Ability Survey
    • Walker N., McConville P.M., Hunter D., Deary I.J., and Whalley L.J. Childhood mental ability and lifetime psychiatric contact a 66-year follow-up study of the 1932 Scottish Mental Ability Survey. Intelligence 30 (2002) 233-245
    • (2002) Intelligence , vol.30 , pp. 233-245
    • Walker, N.1    McConville, P.M.2    Hunter, D.3    Deary, I.J.4    Whalley, L.J.5
  • 62
    • 1842476128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study of premorbid IQ score and risk of developing schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, severe depression, and other nonaffective psychoses
    • Zammit S., Allebeck P., David A.S., Dalman C., Hemmingsson T., Lundberg I., et al. A longitudinal study of premorbid IQ score and risk of developing schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, severe depression, and other nonaffective psychoses. Arch Gen Psychiatry 61 (2004) 354-360
    • (2004) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.61 , pp. 354-360
    • Zammit, S.1    Allebeck, P.2    David, A.S.3    Dalman, C.4    Hemmingsson, T.5    Lundberg, I.6
  • 63
    • 0030694189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excess mortality of schizophrenia. A meta-analysis
    • Brown S. Excess mortality of schizophrenia. A meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 171 (1997) 502-508
    • (1997) Br J Psychiatry , vol.171 , pp. 502-508
    • Brown, S.1
  • 64
    • 0034840095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dementia, cognitive impairment and mortality in persons aged 65 and over living in the community: A systematic review of the literature
    • Dewey M.E., and Saz P. Dementia, cognitive impairment and mortality in persons aged 65 and over living in the community: A systematic review of the literature. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 16 (2001) 751-761
    • (2001) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.16 , pp. 751-761
    • Dewey, M.E.1    Saz, P.2
  • 65
    • 0031808877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excess mortality of mental disorder
    • Harris E.C., and Barraclough B. Excess mortality of mental disorder. Br J Psychiatry 173 (1998) 11-53
    • (1998) Br J Psychiatry , vol.173 , pp. 11-53
    • Harris, E.C.1    Barraclough, B.2
  • 66
    • 0001752931 scopus 로고
    • A study of fluctuating asymmetry
    • Van Valen L. A study of fluctuating asymmetry. Evolution 16 (1962) 125-142
    • (1962) Evolution , vol.16 , pp. 125-142
    • Van Valen, L.1
  • 68
    • 33747758296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental instability and the neural dynamics of the speed-intelligence relationship
    • Thoma R.J., Yeo R.A., Gangestad S., Halgren E., Davis J., Paulson K.M., et al. Developmental instability and the neural dynamics of the speed-intelligence relationship. Neuroimage 32 (2006) 1456-1464
    • (2006) Neuroimage , vol.32 , pp. 1456-1464
    • Thoma, R.J.1    Yeo, R.A.2    Gangestad, S.3    Halgren, E.4    Davis, J.5    Paulson, K.M.6
  • 71
    • 11144285031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early learning and school readiness: Can early intervention make a difference? Merrill-Palmer
    • Ramey C.T., and Ramey S.L. Early learning and school readiness: Can early intervention make a difference? Merrill-Palmer. Q J Developmental Psychol 50 (2004) 471-491
    • (2004) Q J Developmental Psychol , vol.50 , pp. 471-491
    • Ramey, C.T.1    Ramey, S.L.2
  • 72
    • 85071089144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compensatory preschool education, cognitive development, and "race"
    • Fish J.M. (Ed), Erlbaum, London
    • Barnett W.S., and Camilli G. Compensatory preschool education, cognitive development, and "race". In: Fish J.M. (Ed). Race and Intelligence. Separating Science From Myth (2002), Erlbaum, London 369-406
    • (2002) Race and Intelligence. Separating Science From Myth , pp. 369-406
    • Barnett, W.S.1    Camilli, G.2
  • 73
    • 3142660635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual- and area-level socioeconomic status variables as predictors of mortality in a cohort of 179,383 persons
    • Steenland K., Henley J., Calle E., and Thun M. Individual- and area-level socioeconomic status variables as predictors of mortality in a cohort of 179,383 persons. Am J Epidemiol 159 (2004) 1047-1056
    • (2004) Am J Epidemiol , vol.159 , pp. 1047-1056
    • Steenland, K.1    Henley, J.2    Calle, E.3    Thun, M.4
  • 74
    • 20944434597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Four indicators of socioeconomic position: Relative ranking across causes of death
    • Naess O., Claussen B., Thelle D.S., and Smith G.D. Four indicators of socioeconomic position: Relative ranking across causes of death. Scand J Public Health 33 (2005) 215-221
    • (2005) Scand J Public Health , vol.33 , pp. 215-221
    • Naess, O.1    Claussen, B.2    Thelle, D.S.3    Smith, G.D.4
  • 75
    • 0031057571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association among health habits, risk factors, and all-cause mortality in a black California population
    • Fraser G.E., Sumbureru D., Pribis P., Neil R.L., and Frankson M.A. Association among health habits, risk factors, and all-cause mortality in a black California population. Epidemiology 8 (1997) 168-174
    • (1997) Epidemiology , vol.8 , pp. 168-174
    • Fraser, G.E.1    Sumbureru, D.2    Pribis, P.3    Neil, R.L.4    Frankson, M.A.5
  • 76
    • 28044447421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood intelligence in relation to adult coronary heart disease and stroke risk: Evidence from a Danish birth cohort study
    • Batty G.D., Mortensen E.L., Nybo Andersen A.M., and Osler M. Childhood intelligence in relation to adult coronary heart disease and stroke risk: Evidence from a Danish birth cohort study. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 19 (2005) 452-459
    • (2005) Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol , vol.19 , pp. 452-459
    • Batty, G.D.1    Mortensen, E.L.2    Nybo Andersen, A.M.3    Osler, M.4
  • 77
    • 0141449274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IQ at age 11 and longevity: Results from a follow-up of the Scottish Mental Survey 1932
    • Christen Y. (Ed), Springer, Berlin
    • Deary I.J., Whalley L.J., and Starr J. IQ at age 11 and longevity: Results from a follow-up of the Scottish Mental Survey 1932. In: Christen Y. (Ed). Brain and Longevity: Perspectives in Longevity (2003), Springer, Berlin
    • (2003) Brain and Longevity: Perspectives in Longevity
    • Deary, I.J.1    Whalley, L.J.2    Starr, J.3
  • 80
    • 0033029649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Half of the variation in susceptibility to mortality is genetic: Findings from Swedish twin survival data
    • Yashin A.I., Iachine I.A., and Harris J.R. Half of the variation in susceptibility to mortality is genetic: Findings from Swedish twin survival data. Behav Genet 29 (1999) 11-19
    • (1999) Behav Genet , vol.29 , pp. 11-19
    • Yashin, A.I.1    Iachine, I.A.2    Harris, J.R.3
  • 81
    • 33947364620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Osler M, Petersen L, Prescott E, Teasdale TW, Sorensen TI. Genetic and environmental influences on the relation between parental social class and mortality. Int J Epidemiol. (in press).
  • 83
    • 0014242895 scopus 로고
    • Relative changes in intelligence from 13 to 18
    • Härnqvist K. Relative changes in intelligence from 13 to 18. Scand J Psychol 9 (1968) 50-82
    • (1968) Scand J Psychol , vol.9 , pp. 50-82
    • Härnqvist, K.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.