Prostate-specific antigen in clinical practice

Cancer Letters

Volumn 249, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 30-39

  Loeb, Stacy ^a   Catalona, William J ^b  

^a GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Biomarkers; Outcomes; Prostate cancer; Prostate specific antigen; Screening

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MARKER; PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN;

AGGRESSIVENESS; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER RISK; CANCER SCREENING; CLINICAL PRACTICE; DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION; HUMAN; METASTASIS; MORTALITY; PATIENT MONITORING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSTATE CANCER; SHORT SURVEY; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TUMOR RECURRENCE;

EID: 33947328259     PISSN: 03043835     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2006.12.022     Document Type: Review

References (56)

1. Oesterling J.E., Suman V.J., Zincke H., and Bostwick D.G. PSA-detected (clinical stage T1c or B0) prostate cancer. Pathologically significant tumors. Urol. Clin. North Am. 20 (1993) 687
2. Ercole C.J., Lange P.H., Mathisen M., Chiou R.K., Reddy P.K., and Vessella R.L. Prostatic specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase in the monitoring and staging of patients with prostatic cancer. J. Urol. 138 (1987) 1181
3. Hara M., Koyanagi Y., Inoue T., and Fukuyama T. Some physico-chemical characteristics of "γ-seminoprotein", an antigenic component specific for human seminal plasma. Forensic immunological study of body fluids and secretion. VII. Nihon Hoigaku Zasshi 25 (1971) 322
4. Wang M.C., Valenzuela L.A., Murphy G.P., and Chu T.M. Purification of a human prostate specific antigen. Invest. Urol. 17 (1979) 159
5. Papsidero L.D., Wang M.C., Valenzuela L.A., Murphy G.P., and Chu T.M. A prostate antigen in sera of prostatic cancer patients. Cancer Res. 40 (1980) 2428
6. Stamey T.A., Yang N., Hay A.R., McNeal J.E., Freiha F.S., and Redwine E. Prostate-specific antigen as a serum marker for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. N. Engl. J. Med. 317 (1987) 909
7. Catalona W.J., Smith D.S., Ratliff T.L., Dodds K.M., Coplen D.E., Yuan J.J., et al. Measurement of prostate-specific antigen in serum as a screening test for prostate cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 324 (1991) 1156
8. Catalona W.J., Richie J.P., Ahmann F.R., Hudson M.A., Scardino P.T., Flanigan R.C., et al. Comparison of digital rectal examination and serum prostate specific antigen in the early detection of prostate cancer: results of a multicenter clinical trial of 6,630 men. J. Urol. 151 (1994) 1283
9. Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (www.seer.cancer.gov) SEER*Stat Database: Incidence - SEER 17 Regs Public-Use, Nov 2005 Sub (1973-2003 varying), National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer Statistics Branch, released April 2006, based on the November 2005 submission. Accessed August 28, 2006.
10. Thompson I.M., Pauler D.K., Goodman P.J., Tangen C.M., Lucia M.S., Parnes H.L., et al. Prevalence of prostate cancer among men with a prostate-specific antigen level < or =4.0 ng per milliliter. N. Engl. J. Med. 350 (2004) 2239
11. Oberaigner W., Horninger W., Klocker H., Schonitzer D., Stuhlinger W., and Bartsch G. Reduction of prostate cancer mortality in Tyrol, Austria, after introduction of prostate-specific antigen testing. Am. J. Epidemiol. 164 (2006) 376
12. Jemal A., Ward E., Wu X., Martin H.J., McLaughlin C.C., and Thun M.J. Geographic patterns of prostate cancer mortality and variations in access to medical care in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 14 (2005) 590
13. Pound C.R., Partin A.W., Eisenberger M.A., Chan D.W., Pearson J.D., and Walsh P.C. Natural history of progression after PSA elevation following radical prostatectomy. JAMA 281 (1999) 1591
14. Roach III M., Hanks G., Thames Jr. H., Schellhammer P., Shipley W.U., Sokol G.H., et al. Defining biochemical failure following radiotherapy with or without hormonal therapy in men with clinically localized prostate cancer: recommendations of the RTOG-ASTRO Phoenix Consensus Conference. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 65 (2006) 965
15. Catalona W.J., Smith D.S., Ratliff T.L., and Basler J.W. Detection of organ-confined prostate cancer is increased through prostate-specific antigen-based screening. JAMA 270 (1993) 948
16. Smith D.S., Catalona W.J., and Herschman J.D. Longitudinal screening for prostate cancer with prostate-specific antigen. JAMA 276 (1996) 1309
17. Catalona W.J., Smith D.S., and Ornstein D.K. Prostate cancer detection in men with serum PSA concentrations of 2.6 to 4.0 ng/mL and benign prostate examination. Enhancement of specificity with free PSA measurements. JAMA 277 (1997) 1452
18. Antenor J.A., Roehl K.A., Eggener S.E., Kundu S.D., Han M., and Catalona W.J. Preoperative PSA and progression-free survival after radical prostatectomy for Stage T1c disease. Urology 66 (2005) 156
19. Pelzer A.E., Tewari A., Bektic J., Berger A.P., Frauscher F., Bartsch G., et al. Detection rates and biologic significance of prostate cancer with PSA less than 4.0 ng/mL: observation and clinical implications from Tyrol screening project. Urology 66 (2005) 1029
20. Ohori M., Wheeler T.M., Dunn J.K., Stamey T.A., and Scardino P.T. The pathological features and prognosis of prostate cancer detectable with current diagnostic tests. J. Urol. 152 (1994) 1714
21. Loeb S., Gonzalez C.M., Roehl K.A., Han M., Antenor J.A., Yap R.L., et al. Pathological characteristics of prostate cancer detected through prostate specific antigen based screening. J. Urol. 175 (2006) 902
22. Welch H.G., Schwartz L.M., and Woloshin S. Prostate-specific antigen levels in the United States: implications of various definitions for abnormal. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 97 (2005) 1132
23. Loeb S., Roehl K.A., Antenor J.A., Catalona W.J., Suarez B.K., and Nadler R.B. Baseline prostate-specific antigen compared with median prostate-specific antigen for age group as predictor of prostate cancer risk in men younger than 60 years old. Urology 67 (2006) 316
24. Gann P.H., Hennekens C.H., and Stampfer M.J. A prospective evaluation of plasma prostate-specific antigen for detection of prostatic cancer. JAMA 273 (1995) 289
25. Thompson I.M., Chi C., Ankerst D.P., Goodman P.J., Tangen C.M., Lippman S.M., et al. Effect of finasteride on the sensitivity of PSA for detecting prostate cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 98 (2006) 1128
26. D'Amico A.V., Chen M.H., Roehl K.A., and Catalona W.J. Preoperative PSA velocity and the risk of death from prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. N. Engl. J. Med. 351 (2004) 125
27. Stenman U.H., Leinonen J., Alfthan H., Rannikko S., Tuhkanen K., and Alfthan O. A complex between prostate-specific antigen and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin is the major form of prostate-specific antigen in serum of patients with prostatic cancer: assay of the complex improves clinical sensitivity for cancer. Cancer Res. 51 (1991) 222
28. Lilja H., Christensson A., Dahlen U., Matikainen M.T., Nilsson O., Pettersson K., et al. Prostate-specific antigen in serum occurs predominantly in complex with alpha 1-antichymotrypsin. Clin. Chem. 37 (1991) 1618
29. Catalona W.J., Southwick P.C., Slawin K.M., Partin A.W., Brawer M.K., Flanigan R.C., et al. Comparison of percent free PSA, PSA density, and age-specific PSA cutoffs for prostate cancer detection and staging. Urology 56 (2000) 255
30. Brawer M.K., Cheli C.D., Neaman I.E., Goldblatt J., Smith C., Schwartz M.K., et al. Complexed prostate specific antigen provides significant enhancement of specificity compared with total prostate specific antigen for detecting prostate cancer. J. Urol. 163 (2000) 1476
31. Diamandis E.P., and Yousef G.M. Human tissue kallikreins: a family of new cancer biomarkers. Clin. Chem. 48 (2002) 1198
32. Magklara A., Scorilas A., Catalona W.J., and Diamandis E.P. The combination of human glandular kallikrein and free prostate-specific antigen (PSA) enhances discrimination between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients with moderately increased total PSA. Clin. Chem. 45 (1999) 1960
33. Mikolajczyk S.D., Millar L.S., Wang T.J., Rittenhouse H.G., Wolfert R.L., Marks L.S., et al. "BPSA," a specific molecular form of free prostate-specific antigen, is found predominantly in the transition zone of patients with nodular benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 55 (2000) 41
34. Catalona W.J., Bartsch G., Rittenhouse H.G., Evans C.L., Linton H.J., Amirkhan A., et al. Serum pro prostate specific antigen improves cancer detection compared to free and complexed prostate specific antigen in men with prostate specific antigen 2 to 4.0 ng/ml. J. Urol. 170 (2003) 2181
35. Sokoll L.J., Chan D.W., Mikolajczyk S.D., Rittenhouse H.G., Evans C.L., Linton H.J., et al. Proenzyme psa for the early detection of prostate cancer in the 2.5-4.0 ng/ml total psa range: preliminary analysis. Urology 61 (2003) 274
36. Catalona W.J., Bartsch G., Rittenhouse H.G., Evans C.L., Linton H.J., Horninger W., et al. Serum pro-prostate specific antigen preferentially detects aggressive prostate cancers in men with 2 to 4.0 ng/ml prostate specific antigen. J. Urol. 171 (2004) 2239
37. Veneziano S., Pavlica P., Querze R., Nanni G., Lalanne M.G., and Vecchi F. Correlation between prostate-specific antigen and prostate volume, evaluated by transrectal ultrasonography: usefulness in diagnosis of prostate cancer. Eur. Urol. 18 (1990) 112
38. Benson M.C., Whang I.S., Pantuck A., Ring K., Kaplan S.A., Olsson C.A., et al. Prostate specific antigen density: a means of distinguishing benign prostatic hypertrophy and prostate cancer. J. Urol. 147 (1992) 815
39. Loeb S., Han M., Roehl K.A., Antenor J.A., and Catalona W.J. Accuracy of prostate weight estimation by digital rectal examination versus transrectal ultrasonography. J. Urol. 173 (2005) 63
40. Carter H.B., Pearson J.D., Metter E.J., Brant L.J., Chan D.W., Andres R., et al. Longitudinal evaluation of prostate-specific antigen levels in men with and without prostate disease. JAMA 267 (1992) 2215
41. Smith D.S., and Catalona W.J. Rate of change in serum prostate specific antigen levels as a method for prostate cancer detection. J. Urol. 152 (1994) 1163
42. X. Yu, S. Loeb, M. Han, B.K. Suarez, K.A. Roehl, W.J. Catalona, The association between total PSA and PSA velocity, J Urol, in press.
43. S. Loeb, K.A. Roehl, W.J. Catalona, R.B. Nadler. PSA velocity threshold for predicting prostate cancer in young men. J. Urol., in press.
44. National Comprehensive Cancer Network Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Prostate Cancer Early Detection. http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/PDF/prostate_detection. pdf. Accessed October 1, 2006.
45. Patel D.A., Presti Jr. J.C., McNeal J.E., Gill H., Brooks J.D., and King C.R. Preoperative PSA velocity is an independent prognostic factor for relapse after radical prostatectomy. J. Clin. Oncol. 23 (2005) 6157
46. D'Amico A.V., Renshaw A.A., Sussman B., and Chen M.H. Pretreatment PSA velocity and risk of death from prostate cancer following external beam radiation therapy. JAMA 294 (2005) 440
47. Roehrborn C.G., Pickens G.J., and Carmody III T. Variability of repeated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurements within less than 90 days in a well-defined patient population. Urology 47 (1996) 59
48. Link R.E., Shariat S.F., Nguyen C.V., Farr A., Weinberg A.D., Morton R.A., et al. Variation in prostate specific antigen results from 2 different assay platforms: clinical impact on 2304 patients undergoing prostate cancer screening. J. Urol. 171 (2004) 2234
49. Stephan C., Klaas M., Muller C., Schnorr D., Loening S.A., and Jung K. Interchangeability of measurements of total and free prostate-specific antigen in serum with 5 frequently used assay combinations: an update. Clin. Chem. 52 (2006) 59
50. D'Amico A.V., Kantoff P., Loffredo M., Renshaw A.A., Loffredo B., and Chen M.H. Predictors of mortality after prostate-specific antigen failure. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 65 (2006) 656
51. Sengupta S., Myers R.P., Slezak J.M., Bergstralh E.J., Zincke H., and Blute M.L. Preoperative prostate specific antigen doubling time and velocity are strong and independent predictors of outcomes following radical prostatectomy. J. Urol. 174 (2005) 2191
52. Screening for prostate cancer, American College of Physicians, Ann. Intern. Med. 126 (1997) 480.
53. Smith R.A., Cokkinides V., and Eyre H.J. American Cancer Society guidelines for the early detection of cancer, 2003. CA Cancer J. Clin. 53 (2003) 27
54. Carroll P., Coley C., McLeod D., Schellhammer P., Sweat G., Wasson J., et al. Prostate-specific antigen best practice policy-part I: early detection and diagnosis of prostate cancer. Urology 57 (2001) 217
55. Brawer M.K., Meyer G.E., Letran J.L., Bankson D.D., Morris D.L., Yeung K.K., et al. Measurement of complexed PSA improves specificity for early detection of prostate cancer. Urology 52 (1998) 372
56. Riffenburgh R.H., and Amling C.L. Use of early PSA velocity to predict eventual abnormal PSA values in men at risk for prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 6 (2003) 39