Statins and cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal failure

American Heart Journal

Volumn 153, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 471-477

  Baber, Usman ^a   Toto, Robert D ^a   de Lemos, James A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATORVASTATIN; FLUINDOSTATIN; HOMOCYSTEINE; PRAVASTATIN; SIMVASTATIN;

AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DEATH; EVALUATION; HEART INFARCTION; HEMODIALYSIS; HUMAN; KIDNEY FAILURE; LIVER INJURY; MINERAL METABOLISM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; REVIEW; RHABDOMYOLYSIS; SIDE EFFECT; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STROKE; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

CHRONIC DISEASE; CORONARY ARTERIOSCLEROSIS; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; KIDNEY DISEASES; KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC;

EID: 33947305508     PISSN: 00028703     EISSN: 10976744     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2006.10.042     Document Type: Review

References (51)

1. Foley R.N., Parfrey P.S., and Sarnak M.J. Clinical epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in chronic renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis 32 Suppl 3 (1998) S112-S119
2. Tonelli M., Bohm C., Pandeya S., et al. Cardiac risk factors and the use of cardioprotective medications in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. Am J Kidney Dis 37 (2001) 484-489
3. Manjunath G., Tighiouart H., Coresh J., et al. Level of kidney function as a risk factor for cardiovascular outcomes in the elderly. Kidney Int 63 (2003) 1121-1129
4. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 360 (2002) 7-22
5. Sever P.S., Dahlof B., Poulter N.R., et al. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 361 (2003) 1149-1158
6. Holdaas H., Fellstrom B., Jardine A.G., et al. Effect of fluvastatin on cardiac outcomes in renal transplant recipients: a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 361 (2003) 2024-2031
7. Tonelli M., Isles C., Curhan G.C., et al. Effect of pravastatin on cardiovascular events in people with chronic kidney disease. Circulation 110 (2004) 1557-1563
8. Lin J., Knight E., Hogan M.L., et al. A comparison of prediction equations for estimating glomerular filtration rate in adults without kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol (2003) 2573-2580
9. Rule A.D., Larson T.S., Bergstralh E.J., et al. Using serum creatinine to estimate glomerular filtration rate: accuracy in good health and in chronic kidney disease. Ann Intern Med (2004) 929-937
10. Chang J.W., Yang W.S., Min W.K., et al. Effects of Simvastatin on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and serum albumin in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 39 (2002) 1213-1217
11. Diepeveen S.H., Verhoeven G.W., Van Der Palen J., et al. Effects of atorvastatin and vitamin E on lipoproteins and oxidative stress in dialysis patients: a randomised-controlled trial. J Intern Med 257 (2005) 438-445
12. Ikejiri A., Hirano T., Murayama S., et al. Effects of atorvastatin on triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, low-density lipoprotein subclass, and C-reactive protein in hemodialysis patients. Metabolism 53 (2004) 1113-1117
13. Nishikawa O., Mune M., Miyano M., et al. Effect of simvastatin on the lipid profile of hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 56 (1999) S-219-S-221
14. Nishizawa Y., Shoji T., Emoto M., et al. Reduction of intermediate density lipoprotein by pravastatin in hemo- and peritoneal dialysis patients. Clin Nephrol 43 (1995) 268-277
15. Saltissi D., Morgan C., Rigby R.J., et al. Safety and efficacy of simvastatin in hypercholesterolemic patients undergoing chronic renal dialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 39 (2002) 283-290
16. Fathi R., Isbel N., Short L., et al. The effect of long-term aggressive lipid lowering on ischemic and atherosclerotic burden in patients with chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 43 (2004) 45-52
17. Seliger S.L., Weiss N.S., Gillen D.L., et al. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are associated with reduced mortality in ESRD patients. Kidney Int 61 (2002) 297-304
18. Mason N.A., Bailie G.R., Satayathum S., et al. HMG-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor use is associated with mortality reduction in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 45 (2005) 119-126
19. Wanner C., Krane V., Marz W., et al. Atorvastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing hemodialysis. N Engl J Med 353 (2005) 238-248
20. The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 339 (1998) 1349-1357
21. US Renal Data System. USRDS 1995 Annual Data Report (1995), The National Institute of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda
22. Tonelli M., Moye L., Sacks F.M., et al. Pravastatin for secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in persons with mild chronic renal insufficiency. Ann Intern Med 138 (2003) 98-104
23. Baigent C., and Landry M. Study of heart and renal protection. Kidney Int Suppl 84 (2003) S207-S210
24. Fellstrom B., Zannand F., Schmieder R., et al. Effect of rosuvastatin on outcomes in chronic haemodialysis patients-design and rationale of the AURORA Study. Curr Control Trials Cardiovasc Med 6 (2005) 9
25. Thompson P.D., Clarkson P., and Karas R.H. Statin-associated myopathy. JAMA 289 (2003) 1681-1690
26. Sica D.A., and Gehr T.W. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors and rhabdomyolysis: considerations in the renal failure patient. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 11 (2002) 123-133
27. Appel-Dingemanse S., Smith T., and Merz M. Pharmacokinetics of fluvastatin in subjects with renal impairment and nephrotic syndrome. J Clin Pharmacol 42 (2002) 312-318
28. Stern R.H., Yang B.B., Horton M., et al. Renal dysfunction does not alter the pharmacokinetics or LDL-cholesterol reduction of atorvastatin. J Clin Pharmacol 37 (1997) 816-819
29. Halstenson C.E., Triscari J., DeVault A., et al. Single-dose pharmacokinetics of pravastatin and metabolites in patients with renal impairment. J Clin Pharmacol 32 (1992) 124-132
30. Leblond F., Guevin C., Demers C., et al. Downregulation of hepatic cytochrome P450 in chronic renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol 12 (2001) 326-332
31. Attman P.O., Samuelsson O., and Alaupovic P. Lipoprotein metabolism and renal failure. Am J Kidney Dis 21 (1993) 573-592
32. Goodman W.G., Goldin J., Kuizon B.D., et al. Coronary-artery calcification in young adults with end-stage renal disease who are undergoing dialysis. N Engl J Med 342 (2000) 1478-1483
33. Braun J., Oldendorf M., Moshage W., et al. Electron beam computed tomography in the evaluation of cardiac calcification in chronic dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 27 (1996) 394-401
34. Schwarz U., Buzello M., Ritz E., et al. Morphology of coronary atherosclerotic lesions in patients with end-stage renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 15 (2000) 218-223
35. Block G.A., Klassen P.S., Lazarus J.M., et al. Mineral metabolism, mortality, and morbidity in maintenance hemodialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 15 (2004) 2208-2218
36. Budoff M.J., Yu D., Nasir K., et al. Diabetes and progression of coronary calcium under the influence of statin therapy. Am Heart J 149 (2005) 695-700
37. Budoff M.J., Lane K.L., Bakhsheshi H., et al. Rates of progression of coronary calcium by electron beam tomography. Am J Cardiol 86 (2000) 8-11
38. Schmermund A., Achenbach S., Budde T., et al. Effect of intensive versus standard lipid-lowering treatment with atorvastatin on the progression of calcified coronary atherosclerosis over 12 months: a multicenter randomized, double-blind trial. Circulation 113 (2006) 427-437
39. Raggi P., Davidson M., Callister T.Q., et al. Aggressive versus moderate lipid-lowering therapy in hyperchlesterolemic postmenopausal women: Beyond Endorsed Lipid Lowering With EBT Scanning (BELLES). Circulation 112 (2005) 563-571
40. Haberland M.E., Fogelman A.M., and Edwards P.A. Specificity of receptor-mediated recognition of malondialdehyde-modified low density lipoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1982) 1712-1716
41. Boaz M., Matas Z., Biro A., et al. Serum malondialdehyde and prevalent cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis. Kidney Int 56 (1999) 1078-1083
42. Deighan C.J., Caslake M.J., McConnell M., et al. Atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype in end-stage renal failure: origin and extent of small dense low-density lipoprotein formation. Am J Kidney Dis 35 (2000) 852-862
43. Nigon F., Lesnik P., Rouis M., et al. Discrete subspecies of human low density lipoproteins are heterogeneous in their interaction with the cellular LDL receptor. J Lipid Res 32 (1991) 1741-1753
44. Toshima S., Hasegawa A., Kurabayashi M., et al. Circulating oxidized low density lipoprotein levels: a biochemical risk marker for coronary heart disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20 (2000) 2243-2247
45. Ndrepepa G., Braun S., von Beckerath N., et al. Oxidized low density lipoproteins, statin therapy and severity of coronary artery disease. Clin Chim Acta 360 (2005) 178-186
46. Palomaki A., Malminiemi K., and Metsa-Ketela T. Enhanced oxidizability of ubiquinol and alpha-tocopherol during lovastatin treatment. FEBS Lett 410 (1997) 254-258
47. Vasankari T., Ahotupa M., Viikari J., et al. Effects of statin therapy on circulating conjugated dienes, a measure of LDL oxidation. (Letter) Atherosclerosis 179 (2005) 207-209
48. Bostom A.G., Shemin D., Lapane K.L., et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperfibrinogenemia, and lipoprotein (a) excess in maintenance dialysis patients: a matched case-control study. Atherosclerosis 125 (1996) 91-101
49. Moustapha A., Naso A., Nahlawi M., et al. Prospective study of hyperhomocysteinemia as an adverse cardiovascular risk factor in end-stage renal disease. Circulation 97 (1998) 138-141
50. Bienvenu T., Ankri A., Chadefaux B., et al. Elevated total plasma homocysteine, a risk factor for thrombosis. Relation to coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters. Thromb Res 70 (1993) 123-129
51. Milionis H.J., Papakostas J., Kakafika A., et al. Comparative effects of atorvastatin, simvastatin, and fenofibrate on serum homocysteine levels in patients with primary hyperlipidemia. J Clin Pharmacol 43 (2003) 825-830