Quantifying climate and glacier mass balance in north Norway during the Younger Dryas

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

Volumn 246, Issue 2-4, 2007, Pages 307-330

  Rea, Brice R ^a   Evans, David J A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN   (United Kingdom)

^b DURHAM UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Accumulation area ratio; Balance ratio; ELA; Equilibrium line altitude; Mass balance; Mass balance gradient; Palaeoclimate; Plateau icefield; Scandinavian Ice Sheet; Younger Dryas

Indexed keywords

EQUILIBRIUM LINE; GLACIER MASS BALANCE; ICE FIELD; MORAINE; PALEOCLIMATE; PRECIPITATION (CLIMATOLOGY); RADIOCARBON DATING; RECONSTRUCTION; SCANDINAVIAN ICE SHEET; YOUNGER DRYAS;

EURASIA; EUROPE; FINNMARK; NORTHERN EUROPE; NORWAY; SCANDINAVIA; SORFJORDDALEN GLACIER; TROMS;

EID: 33947173656     PISSN: 00310182     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.10.010     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Alm T. Øvre Æråsvatnet - palynostratigraphy of a 22 000 to 10 000 BP lacustrine record on Andøya, northern Norway. Boreas 22 (1993) 177-188
2. Andersen B.G. Glacial chronology of western Troms, north Norway. In: Wright H.E., and Frey D.G. (Eds). International Studies on the Quaternary, VII INQUA Congress, Boulder, Colorado. Geological Society of AmericaSpecial Paper vol. 84 (1965) 35-54
3. Andersen B.G. Glacial geology of western Troms, North Norway. Norges Geologisk Underskole 256 (1968) 1-160
4. Andrews J.T. Glacier power, mass balances, velocities and erosion potential. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, NF 13 (1972) 1-17
5. Augustinus P.C. The influence of rock mass strength on glacial valley cross-profile morphometry: a case study from the Southern Alps, New Zealand. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 17 (1992) 39-51
6. Bakke J., Dahl S.O., Paasche Ø., Løvlie R., and Nesje A. Glacier fluctuations, equilibrium-line altitudes and palaeoclimate in Lyngen, northern Norway, during the late glacial and Holocene. The Holocene 15 (2005) 518-540
7. Ballantyne C.K. The Holocene glacial history of Lyngshalvöya, northern Norway: chronology and climatic implications. Boreas 19 (1990) 93-117
8. Benn D.I., and Gemmell A.M.D. Calculating equilibrium line altitudes of former glaciers by the balance ratio method: a new computer spreadsheet. Glacial Geology and Geomorphology (1997). http://ggg.qub.ac.uk/papers/full/1997/tn011997/tn01.html (http://ggg.qub.ac.uk/papers/full/1997/tn011997/tn01.html)
9. Benn D.I., and Evans D.J.A. Glaciers and Glaciation (1998), Arnold, London
10. Benn D.I., and Lehmkuhl F. Mass balance and equilibrium-line altitudes of glaciers in high-mountain environments. Quaternary International 65/66 (2000) 15-29
11. Benn D.I., and Ballantyne C.K. Palaeoclimatic reconstruction from Loch Lomond Readvance glaciers in the Westy Drumochter Hills, Scotland. Journal of Quaternary Science 20 (2005) 577-592
12. Birks H.H., Paus A., Svendsen J.I., Alm T., Mangerud J., and Landvik J.Y. Late Weichselian environmental change in Norway, including Svalbard. Journal of Quaternary Science 9 (1994) 133-145
13. Brown C.S., Meier M.F., and Post A. Calving speed of Alaskan tidewater glaciers with applications to the Columbia Glacier, Alaska. U.S.Geological Survey Professional Paper 1258-C (1982)
14. Dahl S.O., and Nesje A. Palaeoclimatic implications based on equilibrium-line altitude depressions of reconstructed Younger Dryas and Holocene cirque glaciers in Inner Nordfjord, western Norway. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 94 (1992) 87-97
15. Dahl S.O., and Nesje A. A new approach to calculating equilibrium-line altitudes and pine-tree limits: a case study from, Hardangerjøkelen, central southern Norway. The Holocene 6 (1996) 381-398
16. Evans D.J.A., Rea B.R., Hansom J.D., and Whalley W.B. The geomorphology and style of plateau icefield glaciation in a fjord terrain, Troms-Finnmark, north Norway. Journal of Quaternary Science 17 (2002) 221-239
17. Furbish D.J., and Andrews J.T. The use of hypsometry to indicate long-term stability and response of valley glaciers to changes in mass transfer. Journal of Glaciology 30 (1984) 199-211
18. Gellatly A.F., Whalley W.B., Gordon J.E., and Hansom J.D. Thermal regime and geomorphology of plateau ice caps of northern Norway: observations and implications. Geology 16 (1988) 983-986
19. Gellatly A.F., Whalley W.B., Gordon J.E., Hansom J.D., and Twigg D.R. Recent glacial history and climate change, Bergsfjord, Troms-Finnmark, Norway. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift 43 (1989) 19-30
20. Green F.H.W., and Harding R.J. The altitudinal gradients of air temperature in southern Norway. Geografiska Annaler 62 (A) (1980) 29-36
21. Hagen J.O., Lefauconnier B., and Liestøl O. Glacier mass balance in Svalbard since 1912. In: Kotlyakov V.M., Ushakov A., and Glazovsky A. (Eds). Glaciers-Ocean-Atmospheric Interactions. IAHS Publication vol. 208 (1991), Great Yarmouth, United Kingdom 313-328
22. Hagen J.O., Melvold K., Pinglot F., and Dowdeswell J.A. On the net mass balance of the glaciers and ice caps in Svalbard, Norwegian Arctic. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 35 (2003) 264-270
23. Johannesson T., Raymond C., and Waddington E. Timescale for adjustment of glaciers to changes in mass balance. Journal of Glaciology 35 (1989) 355-369
24. Kaser G., and Osmaston H. Tropical Glaciers (2002), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
25. Koc N., Jansen E., and Haflidason H. Paleoceanographic reconstructions of surface ocean conditions in the Greenland, Iceland and Norwegian Seas, through the last 14-ka based on diatoms. Quaternary Science Reviews 12 (1993) 115-140
26. Kotlyakov V.M., and Krenke A.N. Investigation of the hydrological conditions of alpine regions by glaciological methods. In: Glen J.W. (Ed). Hydrological Aspects of Alpine and High-Mountain Areas. IAHS Publication vol. 138 (1982) 31-42
27. Kovanen D.J., and Slaymaker O. Fluctuations of the Deming Glacier and theoretical equilibrium line altitudes during the Later Pleistocene and Early Holocene on Mount Baker, Washington, USA. Boreas 34 (2005) 157-175
28. Kuhn M. Mass budget imbalances as a criterion for a climatic classification of glaciers. Geografiska Annaler 66A (1984) 229-238
29. Kuhn M. The response of the equilibrium line to climate fluctuations: theory and observations. In: Oerlemans J. (Ed). Glacier Fluctuations and Climate Change (1989), Kluwer, Dordrecht 407-417
30. Laaksonen K. The dependence of mean air temperatures upon latitude and altitude in Fennoscandia (1921-1950). Annales Academiae scientiarum Fennicae. Series A 3, Geologica - Geographica (1976) 119
31. Lie Ø., Dahl S.O., and Nesje A. A theoretical approach to glacier equilibrium-line altitudes using meterological data and glacier mass-balance records from southern Norway. The Holocene 13 (2003) 365-372
32. Locke W.W. Modelling of icecap glaciation of the northern Rocky Mountains of Montana. Geomorphology 14 (1995) 123-130
33. Loewe F. Considerations on the origin of the Quaternary ice sheet of North America. Arctic and Alpine Research 3 (1971) 331-344
34. Marthinussen M. Coast and fjord area of Finnmark. In: Holtedahl O. (Ed). Geology of Norway. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse vol. 208 (1960) 416-429
35. 14C datings referring to shorelines, transgressions, and glacial substages in northern Norway. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse 215 (1962) 37-67
36. Meier M.F., and Tangborn W.V. Net budget and flow of South Cascade Glacier, Washington. Journal of Glaciology 5 (1965) 547-566
37. Meier M.F., Tangborn W.V., Mayo L.R., and Post A. Combined ice and water balances lf Gulkana and Wolverine glaciers, Alaska, and South Cascade Glacier, Washington, 1965 and 1966 Hydrologic Years. USGS Prof. Paper 715-A (1971)
38. Mitchell W.A. Significance of snowblow in the generation of Loch Lomond Stadial (Younger Dryas) glaciers in the western Pennines, northern England. Journal of Quaternary Science 11 (1996) 233-248
39. Murray D.R., and Locke W.W. Dynamics of the Late Pleistocene Big Timber Glacier, Crazy Mountains, Montana, USA. Journal of Glaciology 35 (1989) 183-190
40. Nesje A. Younger Dryas and Holocene glacier fluctuations and equilibrium-line altitude variations in the Jostedalsbre region, western Norway. Climate Dynamics 6 (1992) 221-227
41. Nesje A., and Dahl S.O. Glaciers and Environmental Change (2000), Arnold, London
42. Nye J.F. The mechanics of glacier flow. Journal of Glaciology 2 (1952) 82-93
43. Nye J.F. The flow of a glacier in a channel of rectangular elliptic or parabolic cross-section. Journal of Glaciology 5 (1965) 661-690
44. Ohmura A., Kasser P., and Funk M. Climate at the equilibrium line of glaciers. Journal of Glaciology 38 (1992) 397-411
45. Osmaston H. Estimates, of glacier equilibrium line altitudes by the area × altitude, the area × altitude balance ratio and the area × altitude balance index methods and their validation. Quaternary International 138-139 (2005) 22-31
46. Paterson W.S.B. The Physics of Glaciers. 3rd edition (1994), Pergammon, Oxford
47. Porter S.C. Equilibrium line altitudes of Quaternary glaciers in the Southern Alps, New Zealand. Quaternary Research 5 (1975) 27-47
48. Porter S.C. Present and past glaciation threshold in the Cascade Range, Washington State, USE: constraints provided by palaeo-environmental reconstructions. The Holocene 11 (1977) 607-611
49. Raymond C.F. Temperate valley glaciers. In: Colbeck S.C. (Ed). Dynamics of Snow and Ice Masses (1980), Academic Press, New York 79-139
50. Rea B.R., and Whalley W.B. Subglacial observations from Oksfjordjokelen, North Norway. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 19 (1994) 659-673
51. Rea B.R., and Evans D.J.A. Plateau icefield landsystems. In: Evans D.J.A. (Ed). Glacial Landsystems (2003), Arnold 407-431
52. Rea B.R., Whalley W.B., Rainey M.M., and Gordon J.E. Blockfields, old or new? Evidence and implications from some plateaus in northern Norway. Geomorphology 15 (1996) 109-121
53. Rea B.R., Whalley W.B., Evans D.J.A., Gordon J.E., and McDougall D.A. Plateau icefields: Geomorphology and dynamics. Journal of Quaternary Science 13 (1998) 35-54
54. Rea B.R., Whalley W.B., Dixon T., and Gordon J.E. Plateau icefields as contributing areas to valley glaciers and the potential impact on reconstructed ELAs: a case study from the Lyngen Alps, North Norway. Annals of Glaciology 28 (1999) 97-102
55. Rea B.R., Evans D.J.A., Dixon T.S., and Whalley W.B. Contemporaneous, localized, basal ice-flow variations: implications for bedrock erosion and the origin of p-forms. Journal of Glaciology 46 (2000) 470-476
56. Schilling D.H., and Hollin J.T. Numerical reconstructions of valley glaciers and small ice caps. In: Denton G.H., and Hughes T.J. (Eds). The Last Great Ice Sheets (1981), Wiley & Sons, New York 207-220
57. Sollid J.L., Andersen S., Hamre N., Kjeldsen O., Salvigsen O., Sturod S., Tveita T., and Wilhelmsen A. Deglaciation of Finnmark, North Norway. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift 27 (1973) 233-325
58. Sutherland D.G. Modern glacier characteristics as a basis for inferring former climates with particular reference to the Loch Lomond Stadial. Quaternary Science Reviews 3 (1984) 291-309
59. Van der Veen C.J. Calving glaciers. Progress in Physical Geography 26 (2002) 96-122
60. Warren C.R., Greene D.R., and Glasser N.F. Glaciar Upsala, Patagonia: rapid calving retreat in fresh water. Annals of Glaciology 21 (1995) 311-316
61. Whalley W.B., Gordon J.E., and Thompson D.L. Periglacial features on the margins of a receding plateau ice cap, Lyngen, North Norway. Journal of Glaciology 27 (1981) 492-496
62. Whalley W.B., Gordon J.E., Gellatly A.F., and Hansom J.D. Plateau and valley glaciers in north Norway: responses to climate change over the last 100 years. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie 31 (1995) 115-124