메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 35, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 707-715

Levosimendan improves right ventriculovascular coupling in a porcine model of right ventricular dysfunction

Author keywords

Hemodynamic processes; Levosimendan; Myocardial contraction; Myocardial ischemia; Pulmonary hypertension; Right ventricular dysfunction

Indexed keywords

LEVOSIMENDAN; PLACEBO;

EID: 33947137368     PISSN: 00903493     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.CCM.0000257326.96342.57     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (88)

References (49)
  • 1
    • 0028882286 scopus 로고
    • Right ventricular dysfunction in low output syndrome after cardiac operations: Assessment by transesophageal echocardiography
    • Davila-Roman VG, Waggoner AD, Hopkins WE, et al: Right ventricular dysfunction in low output syndrome after cardiac operations: Assessment by transesophageal echocardiography. Ann Thorac Surg 1995; 60:1081-1086
    • (1995) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.60 , pp. 1081-1086
    • Davila-Roman, V.G.1    Waggoner, A.D.2    Hopkins, W.E.3
  • 2
    • 1342310815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute right ventricular failure - From pathophysiology to new treatments
    • Mebazaa A, Karpati P, Renaud E, et al: Acute right ventricular failure - From pathophysiology to new treatments. Intensive Care Med 2004; 30:185-196
    • (2004) Intensive Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 185-196
    • Mebazaa, A.1    Karpati, P.2    Renaud, E.3
  • 3
    • 0031976338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a new calcium sensitizer, levosimendan, on haemodynamics, coronary blood flow and myocardial substrate utilization early after coronary artery bypass grafting
    • Lilleberg J, Nieminen MS, Akkila J, et al: Effects of a new calcium sensitizer, levosimendan, on haemodynamics, coronary blood flow and myocardial substrate utilization early after coronary artery bypass grafting. Eur Heart J 1998; 19:660-668
    • (1998) Eur Heart J , vol.19 , pp. 660-668
    • Lilleberg, J.1    Nieminen, M.S.2    Akkila, J.3
  • 4
    • 0141621300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional role of potassium channels in the vasodilating mechanism of levosimendan in porcine isolated coronary artery
    • Pataricza J, Krassoi I, Hohn J, et al: Functional role of potassium channels in the vasodilating mechanism of levosimendan in porcine isolated coronary artery. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2003; 17:115-121
    • (2003) Cardiovasc Drugs Ther , vol.17 , pp. 115-121
    • Pataricza, J.1    Krassoi, I.2    Hohn, J.3
  • 5
    • 0035174034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of levosimendan, a novel inotropic calcium-sensitizing drug, in experimental septic shock
    • Oldner A, Konrad D, Weitzberg E, et al: Effects of levosimendan, a novel inotropic calcium-sensitizing drug, in experimental septic shock. Crit Care Med 2001; 29:2185-2193
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 2185-2193
    • Oldner, A.1    Konrad, D.2    Weitzberg, E.3
  • 6
    • 0036258593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of responses to levosimendan in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat
    • De Witt BJ, Ibrahim IN, Bayer E, et al: An analysis of responses to levosimendan in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat. Anesth Analg 2002; 94:1427-1433
    • (2002) Anesth Analg , vol.94 , pp. 1427-1433
    • De Witt, B.J.1    Ibrahim, I.N.2    Bayer, E.3
  • 7
    • 0041639573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of levosimendan on right ventricular function and ventriculovascular coupling in open chest pigs
    • Leather HA, Ver EK, Segers P, et al: Effects of levosimendan on right ventricular function and ventriculovascular coupling in open chest pigs. Crit Care Med 2003; 31: 2339-2343
    • (2003) Crit Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 2339-2343
    • Leather, H.A.1    Ver, E.K.2    Segers, P.3
  • 8
    • 21044443575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of levosimendan on systemic and regional hemodynamics in septic myocardial depression
    • Morelli A, De Castro S, Teboul JL, et al: Effects of levosimendan on systemic and regional hemodynamics in septic myocardial depression. Intensive Care Med 2005; 31: 638-644
    • (2005) Intensive Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 638-644
    • Morelli, A.1    De Castro, S.2    Teboul, J.L.3
  • 9
    • 33747456675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of levosimendan on right ventricular afterload in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: A pilot study
    • Morelli A, Teboul JL, Maggiore SM, et al: Effects of levosimendan on right ventricular afterload in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: A pilot study. Crit Care Med 2006; 34:2287-2293
    • (2006) Crit Care Med , vol.34 , pp. 2287-2293
    • Morelli, A.1    Teboul, J.L.2    Maggiore, S.M.3
  • 10
    • 33645498542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levosimendan, a new inotropic and vasodilator agent
    • Toller WG, Stranz C: Levosimendan, a new inotropic and vasodilator agent. Anesthesiology 2006; 104:556-569
    • (2006) Anesthesiology , vol.104 , pp. 556-569
    • Toller, W.G.1    Stranz, C.2
  • 11
    • 0000225006 scopus 로고
    • The absence of conspicuous increments of venous pressure after severe damage to the right ventricle of the dog, with a discussion of the relation between clinical congestive failure and heart disease
    • Starr I, Jeffers WA, Meade RH: The absence of conspicuous increments of venous pressure after severe damage to the right ventricle of the dog, with a discussion of the relation between clinical congestive failure and heart disease. Am Heart J 1943; 26:291-301
    • (1943) Am Heart J , vol.26 , pp. 291-301
    • Starr, I.1    Jeffers, W.A.2    Meade, R.H.3
  • 12
    • 1642303777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Right ventricular adaptation to pulmonary hypertension: An interspecies comparison
    • Wauthy P, Pagnamenta A, Vassalli F, et al: Right ventricular adaptation to pulmonary hypertension: An interspecies comparison. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2004; 286: H1441-H1447
    • (2004) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.286
    • Wauthy, P.1    Pagnamenta, A.2    Vassalli, F.3
  • 13
    • 24944445038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The acutely decompensated right ventricle: Pathways for diagnosis and management
    • Piazza G, Goldhaber SZ: The acutely decompensated right ventricle: Pathways for diagnosis and management. Chest 2005; 128: 1836-1852
    • (2005) Chest , vol.128 , pp. 1836-1852
    • Piazza, G.1    Goldhaber, S.Z.2
  • 14
    • 23744500968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of systolic and diastolic ventricular properties via pressure-volume analysis: A guide for clinical, translational, and basic researchers
    • Burkhoff D, Mirsky I, Suga H: Assessment of systolic and diastolic ventricular properties via pressure-volume analysis: A guide for clinical, translational, and basic researchers. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2005; 289:H501-H512
    • (2005) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.289
    • Burkhoff, D.1    Mirsky, I.2    Suga, H.3
  • 15
    • 0026579282 scopus 로고
    • Right ventricular preload recruitable stroke work, end-systolic pressure-volume, and dP/dtmax-end-diastolic volume relations compared as indexes of right ventricular contractile performance in conscious dogs
    • Karunanithi MK, Michniewicz J, Copeland SE, et al: Right ventricular preload recruitable stroke work, end-systolic pressure-volume, and dP/dtmax-end-diastolic volume relations compared as indexes of right ventricular contractile performance in conscious dogs. Circ Res 1992; 70:1169-1179
    • (1992) Circ Res , vol.70 , pp. 1169-1179
    • Karunanithi, M.K.1    Michniewicz, J.2    Copeland, S.E.3
  • 16
    • 0035665408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biventricular systolic function in young lambs subject to chronic systemic right ventricular pressure overload
    • Leeuwenburgh BP, Helbing WA, Steendijk P, et al: Biventricular systolic function in young lambs subject to chronic systemic right ventricular pressure overload. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2001; 281:H2697-H2704
    • (2001) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.281
    • Leeuwenburgh, B.P.1    Helbing, W.A.2    Steendijk, P.3
  • 17
    • 0029019383 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of right ventricular contractile state with the conductance catheter technique in the pig
    • Dickstein ML, Yano O, Spotnitz HM, et al: Assessment of right ventricular contractile state with the conductance catheter technique in the pig. Cardiovasc Res 1995; 29:820-826
    • (1995) Cardiovasc Res , vol.29 , pp. 820-826
    • Dickstein, M.L.1    Yano, O.2    Spotnitz, H.M.3
  • 18
    • 0035018247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced systolic function of the right ventricle during respiratory distress syndrome in newborn lambs
    • de Vroomen M, Steendijk P, Lopes Cardozo RH, et al: Enhanced systolic function of the right ventricle during respiratory distress syndrome in newborn lambs. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2001; 280:H392-H400
    • (2001) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.280
    • de Vroomen, M.1    Steendijk, P.2    Lopes Cardozo, R.H.3
  • 19
    • 0029125309 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of isoflurane and halothane on aortic input impedance quantified using a three-element Windkessel model
    • Hettrick DA, Pagel PS, Warltier DC: Differential effects of isoflurane and halothane on aortic input impedance quantified using a three-element Windkessel model. Anesthesiology 1995; 83:361-373
    • (1995) Anesthesiology , vol.83 , pp. 361-373
    • Hettrick, D.A.1    Pagel, P.S.2    Warltier, D.C.3
  • 20
    • 0033161724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulse pressure method and the area method for the estimation of total arterial compliance in dogs: Sensitivity to wave reflection intensity
    • Segers P, Verdonck P, Deryck Y, et al: Pulse pressure method and the area method for the estimation of total arterial compliance in dogs: Sensitivity to wave reflection intensity. Ann Biomed Eng 1999; 27:480-485
    • (1999) Ann Biomed Eng , vol.27 , pp. 480-485
    • Segers, P.1    Verdonck, P.2    Deryck, Y.3
  • 21
    • 0037399196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary vascular resistance. A meaningless variable?
    • Naeije R: Pulmonary vascular resistance. A meaningless variable? Intensive Care Med 2003; 29:526-529
    • (2003) Intensive Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 526-529
    • Naeije, R.1
  • 22
    • 0032944544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of low flow on pulmonary vascular flow-pressure curves and pulmonary vascular impedance
    • Brimioulle S, Maggiorini M, Stephanazzi J, et al: Effects of low flow on pulmonary vascular flow-pressure curves and pulmonary vascular impedance. Cardiovasc Res 1999; 42:183-192
    • (1999) Cardiovasc Res , vol.42 , pp. 183-192
    • Brimioulle, S.1    Maggiorini, M.2    Stephanazzi, J.3
  • 23
    • 25444484083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Right and left ventricular adaptation to hypoxia: A tissue Doppler imaging study
    • Huez S, Retailleau K, Unger P, et al: Right and left ventricular adaptation to hypoxia: A tissue Doppler imaging study. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2005; 289:H1391-H1398
    • (2005) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.289
    • Huez, S.1    Retailleau, K.2    Unger, P.3
  • 24
    • 0036081499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indexes of diastolic RV function: Load dependence and changes after chronic RV pressure overload in lambs
    • Leeuwenburgh BP, Steendijk P, Helbing WA, et al: Indexes of diastolic RV function: Load dependence and changes after chronic RV pressure overload in lambs. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2002; 282:H1350-H1358
    • (2002) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.282
    • Leeuwenburgh, B.P.1    Steendijk, P.2    Helbing, W.A.3
  • 25
    • 33746663881 scopus 로고
    • Repeated measurements and multiple comparisons in cardiovascular research
    • Ludbrook J: Repeated measurements and multiple comparisons in cardiovascular research. Cardiovasc Res 1994; 28:303-311
    • (1994) Cardiovasc Res , vol.28 , pp. 303-311
    • Ludbrook, J.1
  • 26
    • 0032437922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple comparison procedures updated
    • Ludbrook J: Multiple comparison procedures updated. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1998; 25:1032-1037
    • (1998) Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol , vol.25 , pp. 1032-1037
    • Ludbrook, J.1
  • 27
    • 0036852964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amplification of the pulmonary vasodilatory response to inhaled iloprost by subthreshold phosphodiesterase types 3 and 4 inhibition in severe pulmonary hypertension
    • Ghofrani HA, Rose F, Schermuly RT, et al: Amplification of the pulmonary vasodilatory response to inhaled iloprost by subthreshold phosphodiesterase types 3 and 4 inhibition in severe pulmonary hypertension. Crit Care Med 2002; 30:2489-2492
    • (2002) Crit Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 2489-2492
    • Ghofrani, H.A.1    Rose, F.2    Schermuly, R.T.3
  • 28
    • 31844456967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levosimendan in severe right ventricular failure following mitral valve replacement
    • Morais RJ: Levosimendan in severe right ventricular failure following mitral valve replacement. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2006; 20:82-84
    • (2006) J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth , vol.20 , pp. 82-84
    • Morais, R.J.1
  • 29
    • 0033696857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial efficiency during levosimendan infusion in congestive heart failure
    • Ukkonen H, Saraste M, Akkila J, et al: Myocardial efficiency during levosimendan infusion in congestive heart failure. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2000; 68:522-531
    • (2000) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.68 , pp. 522-531
    • Ukkonen, H.1    Saraste, M.2    Akkila, J.3
  • 30
    • 0031795209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early predictive factors of survival in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. A multivariate analysis
    • Monchi M, Bellenfant F, Cariou A, et al: Early predictive factors of survival in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. A multivariate analysis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 158:1076-1081
    • (1998) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.158 , pp. 1076-1081
    • Monchi, M.1    Bellenfant, F.2    Cariou, A.3
  • 31
    • 10244246551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATP-dependent potassium channels as a key target for the treatment of myocardial and vascular dysfunction
    • Pollesello P, Mebazaa A: ATP-dependent potassium channels as a key target for the treatment of myocardial and vascular dysfunction. Curr Opin Crit Care 2004; 10:436-441
    • (2004) Curr Opin Crit Care , vol.10 , pp. 436-441
    • Pollesello, P.1    Mebazaa, A.2
  • 32
    • 1642441317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of levosimendan and OR-1896 on isolated hearts, myocyte-sized preparations and phosphodiesterase enzymes of the guinea pig
    • Szilagyi S, Pollesello P, Levijoki J, et al: The effects of levosimendan and OR-1896 on isolated hearts, myocyte-sized preparations and phosphodiesterase enzymes of the guinea pig. Eur J Pharmacol 2004; 486:67-74
    • (2004) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.486 , pp. 67-74
    • Szilagyi, S.1    Pollesello, P.2    Levijoki, J.3
  • 33
    • 0037001566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of the calcium sensitizer levosimendan on the performance of ischaemic myocardium in anaesthetised pigs
    • Tassani P, Schad H, Heimisch W, et al: Effect of the calcium sensitizer levosimendan on the performance of ischaemic myocardium in anaesthetised pigs. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2002; 16:435-441
    • (2002) Cardiovasc Drugs Ther , vol.16 , pp. 435-441
    • Tassani, P.1    Schad, H.2    Heimisch, W.3
  • 34
    • 0029098682 scopus 로고
    • Cardiac troponin C as a target protein for a novel calcium sensitizing drug, levosimendan
    • Haikala H, Kaivola J, Nissinen E, et al: Cardiac troponin C as a target protein for a novel calcium sensitizing drug, levosimendan. J Mol Cell Cardiol 1995; 27:1859-1866
    • (1995) J Mol Cell Cardiol , vol.27 , pp. 1859-1866
    • Haikala, H.1    Kaivola, J.2    Nissinen, E.3
  • 35
    • 0028922806 scopus 로고
    • Troponin C-mediated calcium sensitization induced by levosimendan does not impair relaxation
    • Haikala H, Nissinen E, Etemadzadeh E, et al: Troponin C-mediated calcium sensitization induced by levosimendan does not impair relaxation. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1995; 25: 794-801
    • (1995) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.25 , pp. 794-801
    • Haikala, H.1    Nissinen, E.2    Etemadzadeh, E.3
  • 36
    • 2942574937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The calcium sensitizer levosimendan improves the function of stunned myocardium after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in acute myocardial ischemia
    • Sonntag S, Sundberg S, Lehtonen LA, et al: The calcium sensitizer levosimendan improves the function of stunned myocardium after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in acute myocardial ischemia. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 43:2177-2182
    • (2004) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.43 , pp. 2177-2182
    • Sonntag, S.1    Sundberg, S.2    Lehtonen, L.A.3
  • 37
    • 23044500417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of levosimendan on markers of left ventricular diastolic function and neurohormonal activation in patients with advanced heart failure
    • Parissis JT, Panou F, Farmakis D, et al: Effects of levosimendan on markers of left ventricular diastolic function and neurohormonal activation in patients with advanced heart failure. Am J Cardiol 2005; 96:423-426
    • (2005) Am J Cardiol , vol.96 , pp. 423-426
    • Parissis, J.T.1    Panou, F.2    Farmakis, D.3
  • 38
    • 27144485340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of levosimendan on restrictive left ventricular filling in severe heart failure: A combined hemodynamic and Doppler echocardiographic study
    • Dernellis J, Panaretou M: Effects of levosimendan on restrictive left ventricular filling in severe heart failure: A combined hemodynamic and Doppler echocardiographic study. Chest 2005; 128:2633-2639
    • (2005) Chest , vol.128 , pp. 2633-2639
    • Dernellis, J.1    Panaretou, M.2
  • 39
    • 31944443341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of levosimendan on left ventricular diastolic function after primary angioplasty for acute anterior myocardial infarction: A Doppler echocardiographic study
    • De Luca L, Sardella G, Proietti P, et al: Effects of levosimendan on left ventricular diastolic function after primary angioplasty for acute anterior myocardial infarction: A Doppler echocardiographic study. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2006; 19:172-177
    • (2006) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.19 , pp. 172-177
    • De Luca, L.1    Sardella, G.2    Proietti, P.3
  • 40
    • 1842788828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of norepinephrine and dobutamine on pressure load-induced right ventricular failure
    • Kerbaul F, Rondelet B, Motte S, et al: Effects of norepinephrine and dobutamine on pressure load-induced right ventricular failure. Crit Care Med 2004; 32:1035-1040
    • (2004) Crit Care Med , vol.32 , pp. 1035-1040
    • Kerbaul, F.1    Rondelet, B.2    Motte, S.3
  • 41
    • 0028816976 scopus 로고
    • Late preconditioning against myocardial stunning. An endogenous protective mechanism that confers resistance to postischemic dysfunction 24 h after brief ischemia in conscious pigs
    • Sun JZ, Tang XL, Knowlton AA, et al: Late preconditioning against myocardial stunning. An endogenous protective mechanism that confers resistance to postischemic dysfunction 24 h after brief ischemia in conscious pigs. J Clin Invest 1995; 95:388-403
    • (1995) J Clin Invest , vol.95 , pp. 388-403
    • Sun, J.Z.1    Tang, X.L.2    Knowlton, A.A.3
  • 42
    • 0026541776 scopus 로고
    • Myocardial "?stunning"? in man
    • Bolli R: Myocardial "?stunning"? in man. Circulation 1992; 86:1671-1691
    • (1992) Circulation , vol.86 , pp. 1671-1691
    • Bolli, R.1
  • 43
    • 18844388165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility of levosimendan, a new calcium sensitizing agent, in the treatment of cardiogenic shock due to myocardial stunning in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: A series of cases
    • Garcia-Gonzalez MJ, Dominguez-Rodriguez A, Ferrer-Hita JJ: Utility of levosimendan, a new calcium sensitizing agent, in the treatment of cardiogenic shock due to myocardial stunning in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: A series of cases. J Clin Pharmacol 2005; 45:704-708
    • (2005) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.45 , pp. 704-708
    • Garcia-Gonzalez, M.J.1    Dominguez-Rodriguez, A.2    Ferrer-Hita, J.J.3
  • 44
    • 33645222594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacologic treatment of heart failure due to ventricular dysfunction by myocardial stunning: Potential role of levosimendan
    • Garcia Gonzalez MJ, Dominguez RA: Pharmacologic treatment of heart failure due to ventricular dysfunction by myocardial stunning: Potential role of levosimendan. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2006; 6:69-75
    • (2006) Am J Cardiovasc Drugs , vol.6 , pp. 69-75
    • Garcia Gonzalez, M.J.1    Dominguez, R.A.2
  • 45
    • 0034669441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of continuous infusion of levosimendan in patients with congestive heart failure
    • Nieminen MS, Akkila J, Hasenfuss G, et al: Hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of continuous infusion of levosimendan in patients with congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 36:1903-1912
    • (2000) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.36 , pp. 1903-1912
    • Nieminen, M.S.1    Akkila, J.2    Hasenfuss, G.3
  • 46
    • 0029585067 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of levosimendan in healthy volunteers and patients with congestive heart failure
    • Sandell EP, Hayha M, Antila S, et al: Pharmacokinetics of levosimendan in healthy volunteers and patients with congestive heart failure. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1995; 26(Suppl 1):S57-S62
    • (1995) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.26 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Sandell, E.P.1    Hayha, M.2    Antila, S.3
  • 47
    • 5644302941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of levosimendan and its active metabolite OR-1896 in rapid and slow acetylators
    • Antila S, Pesonen U, Lehtonen L, et al: Pharmacokinetics of levosimendan and its active metabolite OR-1896 in rapid and slow acetylators. Eur J Pharm Sci 2004; 23:213-222
    • (2004) Eur J Pharm Sci , vol.23 , pp. 213-222
    • Antila, S.1    Pesonen, U.2    Lehtonen, L.3
  • 48
    • 0036137181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamics and safety of a new calcium sensitizer, levosimendan, and its metabolites during an extended infusion in patients with severe heart failure
    • Kivikko M, Antila S, Eha J, et al: Pharmacodynamics and safety of a new calcium sensitizer, levosimendan, and its metabolites during an extended infusion in patients with severe heart failure. J Clin Pharmacol 2002; 42:43-51
    • (2002) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.42 , pp. 43-51
    • Kivikko, M.1    Antila, S.2    Eha, J.3
  • 49
    • 0037142946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of intravenous levosimendan compared with dobutamine in severe low-output heart failure (the LIDO study): A randomised double-blind trial
    • Follath F, Cleland JG, Just H, et al: Efficacy and safety of intravenous levosimendan compared with dobutamine in severe low-output heart failure (the LIDO study): A randomised double-blind trial. Lancet 2002; 360:196-202
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.360 , pp. 196-202
    • Follath, F.1    Cleland, J.G.2    Just, H.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.