Luminescence properties of (Lu, Y)2SiO5: Ce and Gd2SiO5: Ce single crystal scintillators under X-ray excitation for use in medical imaging systems

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science

Volumn 54, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 11-18

  Valais, Ioannis G ^a,b   Kandarakis, Ioannis S ^b   Nikolopoulos, Dimitris N ^b   Michail, Christos M ^a   David, Stratos L ^a   Loudos, George K ^c   Cavouras, Dionisis A ^b   Panayiotakis, George S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PATRAS   (Greece)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WEST ATTICA   (Greece)

^c NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS   (Greece)

Author keywords

Inorganic scintillators; Luminescence efficiency; LYSO:Ce; Matching factor; Radiation detectors

Indexed keywords

CERIUM COMPOUNDS; LIGHT EMISSION; LUMINESCENCE; PATTERN MATCHING; PHOSPHORS; RADIATION DETECTORS; SINGLE CRYSTALS;

INORGANIC SCINTILLATORS; LIGHT EMISSION SPECTRUM; LUMINESCENCE EFFICIENCY (LE); X RAY EXCITATION; X RAY IMAGING;

MEDICAL IMAGING;

EID: 33847752607     PISSN: 00189499     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2006.888813     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. C. W. E. van Eijk, "Inorganic scintillators in medical imaging," Phys. Med. Biol., vol. 47, pp. R85-R106, 2002.
2. J. A. Mares, A. Beitlerova, M. Nikl, N. Solovieva, C. D'Ambrosio, K. Blazek, P. Maly, K. Nejezchleb, and F. de Notaristefani, "Scintillation response of Ce-doped or intrinsic scintillating crystals in the range up to 1 MeV," Radiat. Meas., vol. 38, pp. 353-357, 2004.
3. C. W. E. van Eijk, "Inorganic-scintillator development," Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, vol. A460, pp. 1-14, 2001.
4. Scintillation Crystals and Its General Characteristics [Online]. Available: http://www.mt-berlin.com/frames_cryst/descriptions/ scintillators_gen%20.htm
5. P. Dorenbos, J. T. M. de Haas, and C. W. E. van Eijk, "Non-proportionality in the scintillation response and the energy resolution obtainable with scintillation crystals," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 2190-2202, Dec. 1995.
6. J. S. Karp, S. Surti, M. E. Daube-Witherspoon, R. Freifelder, C. A. Cardi, L. E. Adam, K. Bilger, and G. Muehllehner, "Performance of a brain PET camera based on anger-logic gadolinium oxyorthosilicate detectors," J. Nucl. Med, vol. 44, pp. 1340-1349, 2003.
7. LYSO Product Specifications Photonic Materials Ltd. Scotland [On-line]. Available: http://www.photonicmaterials.com
8. C. M. Pepin, P. Berard, A. L. Perrot, C. Pepin, D. Houde, R. Lecomte, C. L. Melcher, and H. Dautet, "Properties of LYSO and recent LSO scintillators for phoswich PET detectors," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 789-795, Jun 2004.
9. G. W. Ludwig, "X-ray efficiency of powder phosphors," J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 118, pp. 1152-1159, 1971.
10. 2S : Tb for medical imaging applications," Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, vol. A417, pp. 86-94, 1998.
11. 2S : Tb screens," Phys. Med. Biol., vol. 42, pp. 1351-1373, 1997.
12. 3+ activated yttrium based materials," Technol. Health Care, vol. 7, pp. 53-61, 1999.
13. J. M. Boone, "X-ray production, interaction, and detection in diagnostic imaging," in Handbook of Medical Imaging, J. Beutel, H. L. Kundel, and R. L. Van Metter, Eds. Bellingham, WA: SPIE, 2000, vol. 1, pp. 67-68.
14. 5 : Ce scintillator under x-ray excitation," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 1830-1835, Oct. 2005.
15. J. H. Hubbell and S. M. Seltzer, "Tables of x-ray mass attenuation coefficients and mass energy absorption coefficients 1 keV to 20 MeV for elements Z = 1 to 92 and 48 additional substances of dosimetric interest," U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NISTIR 5632, 1995.
16. cn/ρ Table 3 [Online]. Available: http://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/
17. G. Blasse, "The luminescence efficiency of scintillators for several applications: state of the art," J. Lumin., vol. 68, pp. 225-240, 1994.
18. I. Kandarakis, D. Cavouras, C. D. Nomicos, and G. S. Panayiotakis, "X-ray luminescence of ZnSCdS:Au, Cu phosphor using x-ray beams for medical applications," Nucl. Instmm. Methods Phys. Res. B, vol. B179, pp. 215-224, 2001.
19. D. Cavouras, I. Kandarakis, G. S. Panayiotakis, A. Bakas, D. Triantis, and C. D. Nomicos, "An experimental method to determine the effective efficiency of scintillator-photodetector combinations used in x-ray medical imaging systems," Br. J. Radiol, vol. 71, pp. 766-772, 1998.
20. J. M. Boone, "Normalized glandular dose (DGN) coefficience for arbitrary x-ray spectra in mammography: computer-fit values of Monte Carlo derived data," Med. Phys., vol. 29, pp. 869-875, 2002.
21. T. Holm and R. Moseley, "The conversion factor for image intensifiers," Radiology, pp. 898-903, 1964.
22. J. R. Greening, Fundamentals of Radiation Dosimetry, 2nd ed. London: Institute of Physics, 1985, vol. 15, Medical Physics Handbook, p. 56.
23. M. T. Niatel, A. M. Perroche-Roux, and M. Bouttillon, "Two determinations of W for electrons in dry air," Phys. Med. Biol., vol. 30, pp. 67-75, 1985.
24. J. M. Boone and J. A. Seibert, "An accurate method for computer-generating tungsten anode x-ray spectra from 30 to 140 kV," Med. Phys., vol. 24, pp. 1661-1670, 1997.
25. 3+, a fast and efficient scintillator crystal," J. Phys. Condens. Matter, vol. 15, pp. 2091-2102, 2003.
26. R. H. Bartram and A. Lempicki, "Efficiency of electron-hole pair production in scintillators," J. Lumin, vol. 68, pp. 225-240, 1996.
27. S. Shimizu, H. Ishibashi, A. Ejiri, and S. Kubota, "Luminescence decay of Ce-doped GSO under excitation of VUV photons with energy less than 30 eV at room temperature," Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, vol. A486, pp. 490-495, 2002.
28. +3," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol.41, no.4, pp.735-737, Aug. 1994.
29. A. Nassalski, M. Kapusta, T. Batsch, D. Wolski, D. Möckel, W. Enghardt, and M. Moszyrtski, "Comparative study of scintillators for PET/CT detectors," in Proc. IEEE Nuclear Science Symp. Conf. Rec., Oct. 28-30, 2005, vol. 3, pp. 2823-2829.
30. M. Balcerzyk, M. Moszynski, M. Kapusta, D. Wolski, J. Pawelke, and C. L. Melcher, "YSO, LSO, GSO and LGSO. A study of energy resolution and non-proportionality," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 1319-1323, Aug. 2000.
31. H. Suzuki, T. A. Tombrello, C. L. Melcher, C. A. Peterson, and J. S. Schweitzer, "The role of gadolinium in the scintillation processes of cerium-doped gadolinium Oxyorthosilicate," Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, vol. A346, pp. 512-521, 1994.
32. G. Blasse and B. C. Grabmaier, Luminescent Materials. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1994, ch. 5.
33. 5: Ce) crystals doped with cerium ions," Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, vol. A531, pp. 560-565, 2004.
34. J. Chen, L. Zhang, and R. Y. Zhu, "Large size LYSO crystals for future high energy physics experiments," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 52, no. 6, pp. 3133-3140, Dec. 2005.
35. I. K. Battisha, "Physical properties of nanoparticle silica gel doped with CdS prepared by sol-gel technique," Fizika A, vol. 11, pp. 61-70, 2002.