Hungarian travertine: Weathering forms and durability

Proceedings of the International Conference on Heritage, Weathering and Conservation, HWC 2006

Volumn 1, Issue , 2006, Pages 199-204

  Torok A ^a  

^a BUDAPEST UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMICS   (Hungary)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALCITE; CARBONATE MINERALS; DISSOLUTION; DURABILITY; EROSION; GYPSUM; HAMMERS; LEACHING; LIMESTONE; METAL REFINING; PUBLIC WORKS; QUARRIES;

19TH CENTURIES; BLACK CRUSTS; BUDAPEST; GYPSUM CRYSTALS; HUNGARIANS; HUNGARY; IN-SITU TESTS; LABORATORY TESTS; ORNAMENTAL STONES; PUBLIC BUILDINGS; QUARRY STONES; REBOUND VALUES; SCHMIDT HAMMER REBOUND VALUES; SCHMIDT HAMMERS; SURFACE ALTERATIONS; SURFACE DISSOLUTIONS; TEXTURAL ANALYSIS; WEATHERING CRUSTS;

WEATHERING;

EID: 33847733323     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (23)

1. Amoroso, G.G. & Fassina, V 1983. Stone Decay and Conservation. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
2. Bonazza, A., Sabbioni, C., Ghedini, N., Favoni, O. & Zappia, G. 2004. Carbon data in black crusts on European monuments. In: C. Saiz-Jimenez (ed.), Air pollution and Cultural Heritage: 39-47. Lisse: Balkema.
3. Christaras, B. 1991. Weathering of natural stones and physical properties. In: F. Zezza(ed.), Weathering and Air Pollution: 169-174. Bari: Community of Mediterranean Universities.
4. Doehne, E. 2002. Salt weathering: a selective review. In: S. Siegesmund, T.S. Weiss & A. Vollbrecht (eds.), Natural Stones, Weathering Phenomena, Conservation Strategies and Case Studies: 51-64. London: Geological Society, Special Publications 205.
5. Fassina, V., Favaro, M. & Naccari, A. 2002. Principal decay patterns on Venetian Monuments. In: S. Siegesmund, T.S. Weiss & A. Vollbrecht (eds.), Natural Stones, Weathering Phenomena, Conservation Strategies and Case Studies: 381-391. London: Geological Society, Special Publications 205.
6. Goudie, A.S., & Viles, H. 1997. Salt Weathering Hazards. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons.
7. Hees, R.P.J, van & Larbi, J.A. 2000. The conservation of the sculpture work of the National Monument in Amsterdam. In: V Fassina (ed.), 9th International Congress on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone-Venice 2000: 523-531. Venice: Istituto veneto per i beni culturali.
8. Irfan, T.Y. & Dearman, W.R. 1978. Engineering classification and index properties of a weathered granite. Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology 17: 79-90.
9. Kilic, R. & Yavuz, S. 1994. Relationship between geotechnical properties of the Antalya travertine (Turkey). Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology 50: 43-50.
10. Maravelaki-Kalaitzaki, P. & Biscontin, G. 1999. Origin, characteristics and morphology of weathering crusts on Istria stone in Venice. Atmospheric Environment 33: 1699-1709.
11. Moropoulou, A., Bisbikou, K., Torfs, K., Van Grieken, R., Zezza, F. & Macri, F. 1998. Origin and growth of weathering crusts on ancient marbles in industrial atmosphere. Atmospheric Environment 32: 967-982.
12. Pentecost, A. 2005. Travertine. Berlin: Springer.
13. Rodriguez-Navarro, C. & Sebastian, E. 1996. Role of particulate matter from vehicle exhaust on porous building stones (limestone) sulfation. Science of the Total Environment 187: 79-91.
14. Sabbioni, C. 1995. Contribution of atmospheric deposition to the formation of damage layers. Science of the Total Environment 167: 49-56.
15. Sindraba, I., Krage, L. & Graudums, I. 2000. Problems and solutis in practical restoration of freshwater limestone - tufa. In: V Fassina (ed.), 9th International Congress on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone-Venice 2000: 889-896. Venice: Istituto veneto per i beni culturali.
16. Sindraba, I., Normandin, K.C., Cultrone, G. & Scheffler, M.J. 2004. Climatological and regional weathering of Roman travertine. In: R. Prikryl & P. Siegel (eds.), Architectural and sculptural stone in cultural landscape: 211-228. Prague: The Karolinum Press.
17. Smith, B.J., Török, Á., McAlister, J.J. & Megarry, J. 2003. Observations on the factors influencing stability of building stones following contour scaling: a case study of the oolitic limestones from Budapest, Hungary. Building and Environment 38 (9-10): 1173-1183.
18. Török, Á. 2002. Oolitic limestone in polluted atmospheric environment in Budapest: weathering phenomena and alterations in physical properties. In: S. Siegesmund, T.S. Weiss & A. Vollbrecht (eds.), Natural Stones, Weathering Phenomena, Conservation Strategies and Case Studies: 363-379. London: Geological Society, Special Publications 205.
19. Török, Á. 2003a. Surface strength and mineralogy of weathering crusts on limestone buildings in Budapest. Building and Environment 38 (9-10): 1185-1192.
20. Török, Á. 2003b. Facies analysis and genetic interpretation of travertine. Buda Vár-hegy, Hungary. Acta Geologica Hungarica 46 (2): 177-193.
21. Török, Á. 2004. Comparison of the Processes of Decay of Two Limestones in a Polluted Urban Environment. In: D.J. Mitchell, & D.E. Searle (eds.), Stone Deterioration in Polluted Urban Environments: 73-92. Enfield: Science Publishers.
22. Török, Á. 2005. Gypsum-induced Decay on the Limestone Buildings in the Urban Environment of Budapest. International Journal for Restoration of Buildings and Monuments 11(2): 71-78.
23. Viles, H.A. 1994. Observations and Explanations of Stone Decay in Oxford, UK. In: M.J. Thiel (ed.), Conservation of Stone and Other Materials, Vol. I, Causes of Disorders and Diagnosis: 115-120, London: E & FN Spon - RILEM.