Role of preoperative local and distant staging in rectal cancer

Onkologie

Volumn 30, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 141-145

  Engelen, S M E ^a   Beets, G L ^a   Beets Tan, R G H ^a  

^a MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

CT; Endorectal ultrasound; FDG PET (fluorine 18 deoxyglucose positron emission tomography); Imaging, preoperative; MRI; Rectal cancer; Staging: locoregional, distant

Indexed keywords

FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE F 18; IRON OXIDE;

CANCER INVASION; CANCER STAGING; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DECISION MAKING; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; HUMAN; LYMPH NODE; MEDICAL PRACTICE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION; RECTUM CANCER; REVIEW; TUMOR GROWTH; X RAY;

ENDOSONOGRAPHY; HUMANS; LIVER NEOPLASMS; LUNG NEOPLASMS; LYMPHATIC METASTASIS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; NEOPLASM STAGING; POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PREOPERATIVE CARE; PROGNOSIS; RECTAL NEOPLASMS; RECTUM; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY;

EID: 33847726279     PISSN: 0378584X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000099026     Document Type: Review

References (37)

1. Sagar PM, Pemberton JH: Surgical management of locally recurrent rectal cancer. Br J Surg 1996;83:293-304.
2. Heald RJ, Ryall RD: Recurrence and survival after total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer. Lancet 1986;1:1479-1482.
3. Sauer R, Becker H, Hohenberger W, Rodel C, Wittekind C, Fietkau R, Martus P, Tschmelitsch J, Hager E, Hess CF, Karstens JH, Liersch T, Schmidberger H, Raab R: Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2004;351:1731-1740.
4. Beets-Tan RG, Beets GL: Rectal cancer: review with emphasis on MR imaging. Radiology 2004;232:335-346.
5. Greene F, Balch C, Page D: AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, ed 6. New York, Springer, 2002.
6. Nagtegaal ID, Marijnen CA, Kranenbarg EK, van de Velde CJ, van Krieken JH: Circumferential margin involvement is still an important predictor of local recurrence in rectal carcinoma: not one millimeter but two millimeters is the limit. Am J Surg Pathol 2002;26:350-357.
7. Steup WH, Moriya Y, van de Velde CJ: Patterns of lymphatic spread in rectal cancer. A topographical analysis on lymph node metastases. Eur J Cancer 2002;38:911-918.
8. Shah SA, Haddad R, Al-Sukhni W, Kim RD, Greig PD, Grant DR, Taylor BR, Langer B, Gallinger S, Wei AC: Surgical resection of hepatic and pulmonary metastases from colorectal carcinoma. J Am Coll Surg 2006;202:468-475.
9. Manfredi S, Lepage C, Hatem C, Coatmeur O, Faivre J, Bouvier AM: Epidemiology and management of liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Ann Surg 2006;244:254-259.
10. Figueredo A, Rumble RB, Maroun J, Earle CC, Cummings B, McLeod R, Zuraw L, Zwaal C: Follow-up of patients with curatively resected colorectal cancer: a practice guideline. BMC Cancer 2003;3:26.
11. Mentha G, Majno PE, Andres A, Rubbia-Brandt L, Morel P, Roth AD: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and resection of advanced synchronous liver metastases before treatment of the colorectal primary. Br J Surg 2006;93:872-878.
12. Beets-Tan RG, Beets GL, Borstlap AC, Oei TK, Teune TM, von Meyenfeldt MF, van Engelshoven JM: Preoperative assessment of local tumor extent in advanced rectal cancer: CT or high-resolution MRI? Abdom Imaging 2000;25:533-541.
13. Beets-Tan RG, Beets GL, Vliegen RF, Kessels AG, Van Boven H, De Bruine A, von Meyenfeldt MF, Baeten CG, van Engelshoven JM: Accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging in prediction of tumour-free resection margin in rectal cancer surgery. Lancet 2001;357:497-504.
14. Poon FW, McDonald A, Anderson JH, Duthie F, Rodger C, McCurrach G, McKee RF, Horgan PG, Foulis AK, Chong D, Finlay IG: Accuracy of thin section magnetic resonance using phased-array pelvic coil in predicting the T-staging of rectal cancer. Eur J Radiol 2005;53:256-262.
15. Lahaye MJ, Engelen SM, Nelemans PJ, Beets GL, van de Velde CJ, van Engelshoven JM, Beets-Tan RG: Imaging for predicting the risk factors - the circumferential resection margin and nodal disease - of local recurrence in rectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2005;26:259-268.
16. Brown G, Daniels IR, Norman A: MRI Predicts Surgical Resection Margin Status in Patients with Rectal Cancer: Results from the MERCURY Study Group. In RSNA 2004, Chicago.
17. Dworak O: Number and size of lymph nodes and node metastases in rectal carcinomas. Surg Endosc 1989;3:96-99.
18. Bipat S, Glas AS, Slors FJ, Zwinderman AH, Bossuyt PM, Stoker J: Rectal cancer: local staging and assessment of lymph node involvement with endoluminal US, CT, and MR imaging - a metaanalysis. Radiology 2004;232:773-783.
19. Harisinghani MG, Barentsz J, Hahn PF, Deserno WM, Tabatabaei S, van de Kaa CH, de la Rosette J, Weissleder R: Noninvasive detection of clinically occult lymph-node metastases in prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2003;348:2491-2499.
20. Bellin MF, Roy C, Kinkel K, Thoumas D, Zaim S, Vanel D, Tuchmann C, Richard F, Jacqmin D, Delcourt A, Challier E, Lebret T, Cluzel P: Lymph node metastases: safety and effectiveness of MR imaging with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles - initial clinical experience. Radiology 1998;207:799-808.
21. Sigal R, Vogl T, Casselman J, Moulin G, Veillon F, Hermans R, Dubrulle F, Viala J, Bosq J, Mack M, Depondt M, Mattelaer C, Petit P, Champsaur P, Riehm S, Dadashitazehozi Y, de Jaegere T, Marchal G, Chevalier D, Lemaitre L, Kubiak C, Helmberger R, Halimi P: Lymph node metastases from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: MR imaging with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (Sinerem MR) - results of a phase-III multicenter clinical trial. Eur Radiol 2002;12:1104-1113.
22. Keller TM, Michel SC, Frohlich J, Fink D, Caduff R, Marincek B, Kubik-Huch RA: USPIO-enhanced MRI for preoperative staging of gynecological pelvic tumors: preliminary results. Eur Radiol 2004;14:937-944.
23. Koh DM, Brown G, Temple L, Raja A, Toomey P, Bett N, Norman AR, Husband JE: Rectal cancer: mesorectal lymph nodes at MR imaging with US-PIO versus histopathologic findings - initial observations. Radiology 2004;231:91-99.
24. Will O, Purkayastha S, Chan C, Athanasiou T, Darzi AW, Gedroyc W, Tekkis PP: Diagnostic precision of nanoparticle-enhanced MRI for lymphnode metastases: a meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol 2006;7:52-60.
25. Bipat S, van Leeuwen MS, Comans EF, Pijl ME, Bossuyt PM, Zwinderman AH, Stoker J: Colorectal liver metastases: CT, MR imaging, and PET for diagnosis - meta-analysis. Radiology 2005;237:123-131.
26. Kinkel K, Lu Y, Both M, Warren RS, Thoeni RF: Detection of hepatic metastases from cancers of the gastrointestinal tract by using noninvasive imaging methods (US, CT, MR imaging, PET): a meta-analysis. Radiology 2002;224:748-756.
27. Ward J, Robinson PJ, Guthrie JA, Downing S, Wilson D, Lodge JP, Prasad KR, Toogood GJ, Wyatt JI: Liver metastases in candidates for hepatic resection: comparison of helical CT and gadolinium- and SPIO-enhanced MR imaging. Radiology 2005;237:170-180.
28. Vitola JV, Delbeke D, Sandler MP, Campbell MG, Powers TA, Wright JK, Chapman WC, Pinson CW: Positron emission tomography to stage suspected metastatic colorectal carcinoma to the liver. Am J Surg 1996;171:21-26.
29. Oudkerk M, van den Heuvel AG, Wielopolski PA, Schmitz PI, Borel Rinkes IH, Wiggers T: Hepatic lesions: detection with ferumoxide-enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging. Radiology 1997;203:449-456.
30. Reimer P, Jahnke N, Fiebich M, Schima W, Deckers F, Marx C, Holzknecht N, Saini S: Hepatic lesion detection and characterization: value of nonenhanced MR imaging, superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MR imaging, and spiral CT-ROC analysis. Radiology 2000;217:152-158.
31. Vogl TJ, Schwarz W, Blume S, Pietsch M, Shamsi K, Franz M, Lobeck H, Balzer T, del Tredici K, Neuhaus P, Felix R, Hammerstingl RM: Preoperative evaluation of malignant liver tumors: comparison of unenhanced and SPIO (Resovist)-enhanced MR imaging with biphasic CTAP and intraoperative US. Eur Radiol 2003;13:262-272.
32. Langenhoff BS, Oyen WJ, Jager GJ, Strijk SP, Wobbes T, Corstens FH, Ruers TJ: Efficacy of fluorine-18-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography in detecting tumor recurrence after local ablative therapy for liver metastases: a prospective study. J Clin Oncol 2002;20:4453-4458.
33. Antoch G, Vogt FM, Freudenberg LS, Nazaradeh F, Goehde SC, Barkhausen J, Dahmen G, Bockisch A, Debatin JF, Ruehm SG: Whole-body dualmodality PET/CT and whole-body MRI for tumor staging in oncology. J 2003;290:3199-3206.
34. Antoch G, Saoudi N, Kuehl H, Dahmen G, Mueller SP, Beyer T, Bockisch A, Debatin JF, Freudenberg LS: Accuracy of whole-body dual-modality fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) for tumor staging in solid tumors: comparison with CT and PET. J Clin Oncol 2004;22:4357-4368.
35. Wiering B, Krabbe PF, Jager GJ, Oyen WJ, Ruers TJ: The impact of fluor-18-deoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in the management of colorectal liver metastases. Cancer 2005;104:2658-2670.
36. Povoski SP, Fong Y, Sgouros SC, Kemeny NE, Downey RJ, Blumgart LH: Role of chest CT in patients with negative chest x-rays referred for hepatic colorectal metastases. Ann Surg Oncol 1998;5:9-15.
37. Kronawitter U, Kemeny NE, Heelan R, Fata F, Fong Y: Evaluation of chest computed tomography in the staging of patients with potentially resectable liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma. Cancer 1999;86:229-235.