Microwave Devices and Antennas Using Negative-Refractive-Index Transmission-Line Metamaterials

Negative-Refraction Metamaterials: Fundamental Principles and Applications

Volumn , Issue , 2005, Pages 53-91

  Eleftheriades, George V ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Antennas; Electromagnetic waves; Microwave devices; Negative refractive index media; Periodic media

Indexed keywords

EID: 33847393840     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/0471744751.ch2     Document Type: Chapter

References (47)

1. R. E. Collin, Field Theory of Guided Waves, 2nd ed., Wiley-IEEE Press, Toronto, 1990, Chapter 12.
2. V. G. Veselago, "The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of ε and μ," Sov. Phys. Usp., vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 509-514, January 1967.
3. R. A. Shelby, D. R. Smith, and S. Schultz, "Experimental verification of a negative index of refraction," Science, vol. 292, pp. 11-19, April 6. 2001.
4. J. B. Pendry, A. J. Holden, D. J. Robbins, and W. J. Stewart, "Magnetism from conductors and enhanced nonlinear phenomena," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 47, no. 11, pp. 2075-2084, November 1999.
5. A. K. Iyer and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Negative refractive index metamaterials supporting 2-D waves," in IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, vol. 2, June 2-7, 2002, Seattle, WA, pp. 1067-1070.
6. G. V. Eleftheriades, A. K. Iyer, and P. C. Kremer, "Planar negative refractive index media using periodically L-C loaded transmission lines," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 50, no. 12, pp. 2702-2712, December 2002.
7. A. K. Iyer, P. C. Kremer, and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Experimental and theoretical verification of focusing in a large, periodically loaded transmission line negative refractive index metamaterial," Opt. Express, vol. 11, pp. 696-708, April 2003. http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-7-696.
8. A. K. Iyer, A. Grbic, and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Sub-wavelength focusing in loaded transmission line negative refractive index metamaterials," in IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, June 8-13, 2003, Philadelphia, PA, pp. 199-202.
9. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Overcoming the diffraction limit with a planar left-handed transmission-line lens," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 92, no. 11, 117403, March 19, 2004.
10. J. B. Pendry, "Negative refraction makes a perfect lens," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 85, no. 18, pp. 3966-3969, October 2000.
11. L. Liu, C. Caloz, C. Chang, and T. Itoh, "Forward coupling phenomenon between artificial left-handed transmission lines," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 92, no. 9, pp. 55605565, November 2002.
12. C. Caloz and T. Itoh, "Novel microwave devices and structures based on the transmission line approach of meta-materials," in 2003 IEEE International Microwave Symposium Digest, June 2003, pp. 195-198.
13. K. G. Balmain, A. A. E. Lüttgen, and P. C. Kremer, "Power flow for resonance cone phenomena in planar anisotropic metamaterials," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Special Issue on Metamaterials, vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 2612-2618, October 2003.
14. K. G. Balmain, A. A. E. Lüttgen, and P. C. Kremer, "Resonance cone formation, reflection, refraction, and focusing in a planar anisotropic metamaterial," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 1, no. 7, pp. 146-149, 2002.
15. S. Ramo, J. R. Whinnery, and T. Van Duzer, Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics, 3rd ed., John Wiley & Sons, Toronto, 1994.
16. J. R. Pierce, Almost All About Waves, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1974.
17. O. Siddiqui, M. Mojahedi, and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Periodically loaded transmission line with effective negative refractive index and negative group velocity," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Special Issue on Metamaterials, vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 2619-2625, October 2003.
18. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Experimental verification of backward-wave radiation from a negative refractive index metamaterial," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 92, no. 10, pp. 5930-5935, November 2002.
19. N. Seddon and T. Bearpark. "Observation of the inverse Doppler effect, " Science, vol. 302, pp. 537-1540, November 28. 2003.
20. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades, "A backward-wave antenna based on negative refractive index L-C networks," in Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, vol. IV, San Antonio, TX, June 16-21, 2002, pp. 340-343.
21. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Negative refraction, growing evanescent waves and sub-diffraction imaging in loaded-transmission-line metamaterials," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 51, no. 12., pp. 2297-2305, December 2003. (see also Erratum in IEEE T-MTT, vol. 52, no. 5, page 1580, May 2004.)
22. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Growing evanescent waves in negative-refractive-index transmission-line media," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 82, no. 12, pp. 1815-1817, March 24. 2003.
23. D. R. Smith, D. Schurig, M. Rosenbluth, S. Schultz, S. A. Ramakrishna, and J. B. Pendry, "Limitations on subdiffraction imaging with a negative refractive index slab," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 82, no. 10, pp. 1506-1508, March 10. 2003.
24. G. Gomez-Santos, "Universal features of the time evolution of evanescent moes in a left-handed perfect lens," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 90, no. 7, 077401, February 2003.
25. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Periodic analysis of a 2-D negative refractive index transmission line structure," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Special Issue on Metamaterials, vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 2604-2611, October 2003.
26. G. V. Eleftheriades, "Planar negative refractive index metamaterials based on periodically L-C loaded transmission lines," Workshop on Quantum Optics, Kavli Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Santa Barbara, July 2002. http://online.kitp.ucsb.edu/online/qo02/eleftheriades/( slide #12).
27. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Dispersion analysis of a microstrip based negative refractive index periodic structure," IEEE Microwave Wireless Components Lett., vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 155-157, April 2003.
28. M. A. Antoniades and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Compact, linear, lead/lag metamaterial phase shifters for broadband applications," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 2, no. 7, pp. 103-106, July 2003.
29. A. Sanada, C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "Characteristics of the composite right/left-handed transmission lines," IEEE Microwave Wireless Components Lett., vol. 14, pp. 68-70, February 2004.
30. G. V. Eleftheriades, M. A. Antoniades, A. Grbic, and R. Islam, "Electromagnetic applications of negative-refractive-index transmission-line metamaterial," in 27th ESA Antenna Technology Workshop on Innovative Periodic Antennas, Santiago, Spain, March 2004, pp. 21-28.
31. M. Qiu, M. Simcoe, and G. V. Eleftheriades, "High-gain meander-less slot arrays on electrically thick substrates at mm-wave frequencies," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. MTT-50, no. 2, pp. 517-528, February 2002.
32. M. A. Antoniades and G. V. Eleftheriades, "A broadband Wilkinson balun using microstrip metamaterial lines," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., 2005.
33. M. Antoniades, and G. V. Eleftheriades, "A broadband balun using metamaterial phase-shifting lines," 2005 IEEE Intl. Symposium on Antennas and Propagation Digest, Washington D.C., July 2005.
34. G. V. Eleftheriades, A. Grbic, and M. Antoniades, "Negative-refractive-index metamaterials and enabling electromagnetic applications," in 2004 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation Digest, Monterey, CA, June 2004, pp. 1399-1402.
35. A. Grbic and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Leaky CPW-based slot antenna arrays for millimeter-wave applications," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 50, pp. 14941504, November 2002.
36. W. Menzel, "A new travelling-wave antenna in microstrip," Arch. Elek. Übertragung. (AEU), pp. 137-140, April 1979.
37. A. K. Iyer and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Leaky-wave radiation from a two-Dimensional negative-refractive-index transmission-line metamaterials," in 2004 URSI International Symposium on Electromagnetic Theory, vol. 2, Pisa, Italy, May 2004, pp. 891-893.
38. R. Islam and G. V. Eleftheriades, "A planar metamaterial co-directional coupler that couples power backwards," in 2003 IEEE International Microwave Symposium Digest, Philadelphia, PA, June 8-13, 2003, pp. 321-324.
39. R. Islam, F. Elek, and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Coupled-line metamaterial coupler having co-directional phase but contra-directional power flow," Electron. Lett., vol. 40, no. 5, March 4, 2004.
40. F. Elek and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Dispersion analysis of Sievenpiper's shielded structure using multi-conductor transmission-line theory," IEEE Microwave Wireless Components Lett., vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 434-436, September 2004.
41. R. Islam and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Analysis of a finite length microstrip/negative-refractive-index coupled-line coupler," in 2005 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation Digest, Washington D.C., July 2005.
42. A. Alù and N. Engheta, "Guided modes in a waveguide filled with a pair of singlenegative (SNG), double-negative (DNG), and/or double-positive (DPS) layers," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 52, pp. 199-210, January 2004.
43. C. Caloz, A. Sanada, and T. Itoh, "A novel composite right-/left-handed coupledline directional coupler with arbitrary coupling level and broad bandwidth," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 52, pp. 980-992, March 2004.
44. A. Alù and N. Engheta, "Pairing an epsilon-negative slab with a mu-negative slab: resonance, tunneling and transparency," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Special Issue on Metamaterials, vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 2558-2571, October 2003.
45. R. Islam and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Phase-agile branch-line couplers using metamaterial lines," IEEE Microwave Wireless Components Lett., vol. 14, no. 7, pp. 340-342, July 2004.
46. J. B. Pendry, "Negative refraction," Contemp. Phys., vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 191-202, May-June 2004.
47. D. R. Smith, J. B. Pendry, and M. C. K. Wiltshire, "Metamaterials and negative refractive index," Science, vol. 305, pp. 788-792, August 6. 2004.