메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 83, Issue 976, 2007, Pages 79-86

Diabetic and endocrine emergencies

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BICARBONATE; CARBIMAZOLE; DEXAMETHASONE; FLUDROCORTISONE; GLUCOSE; HYDROCORTISONE; INSULIN; INSULIN LISPRO; LITHIUM CARBONATE; NITROPRUSSIDE SODIUM; PHENOXYBENZAMINE; PHENTOLAMINE; PROPRANOLOL DERIVATIVE; PROPYLTHIOURACIL; SODIUM IODIDE; THIAMAZOLE;

EID: 33847388865     PISSN: 00325473     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2006.049445     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (61)

References (92)
  • 1
    • 0032870333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunogenetic analysis suggests different pathogenesis for obese and lean African-Americans with diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Umpierrez GE, Woo W, Hagopian WA, et al. Immunogenetic analysis suggests different pathogenesis for obese and lean African-Americans with diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetes Care 1999;22:1517-23.
    • (1999) Diabetes Care , vol.22 , pp. 1517-1523
    • Umpierrez, G.E.1    Woo, W.2    Hagopian, W.A.3
  • 2
    • 0032751170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New profiles of diabetic ketoacidosis: Type 1 vs type 2 diabetes and the effect of ethnicity
    • Balasubramanyam A, Zern JW, Hyman DJ, et al. New profiles of diabetic ketoacidosis: type 1 vs type 2 diabetes and the effect of ethnicity. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:2317-22.
    • (1999) Arch Intern Med , vol.159 , pp. 2317-2322
    • Balasubramanyam, A.1    Zern, J.W.2    Hyman, D.J.3
  • 4
    • 33847375422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NHS Health and Social Care Information Centre. online.nhs.uk/Ease accessed 25 Oct 2006
    • NHS Health and Social Care Information Centre. http://www.hesonline.nhs.uk/Ease (accessed 25 Oct 2006).
  • 5
    • 0028197587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study. Microvascular and acute complications in IDDM patients. Diabetologia 1994;37:278-85.
    • The EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study. Microvascular and acute complications in IDDM patients. Diabetologia 1994;37:278-85.
  • 6
    • 0004318167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detailed diagnosis and procedures: National Discharge Survey, 1995
    • National Centre for Health Statistics
    • National Centre for Health Statistics. Detailed diagnosis and procedures: National Discharge Survey, 1995. Vital Health Stat 1997;13:130.
    • (1997) Vital Health Stat , vol.13 , pp. 130
  • 7
    • 0027394775 scopus 로고
    • Persisting mortality in diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Basu A, Close CF, Jenkins D, et al. Persisting mortality in diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabet Med 1993;10:282-4.
    • (1993) Diabet Med , vol.10 , pp. 282-284
    • Basu, A.1    Close, C.F.2    Jenkins, D.3
  • 8
    • 0026540229 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of diabetic ketoacidosis in older versus younger adults
    • Malone ML, Gennis V, Goodwin JS. Characteristics of diabetic ketoacidosis in older versus younger adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 1992;40:1100-4.
    • (1992) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.40 , pp. 1100-1104
    • Malone, M.L.1    Gennis, V.2    Goodwin, J.S.3
  • 9
    • 0002597979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperosmolar nonacidotic diabetes (HNAD)
    • Porte D Jr, Sherwin RS, eds, Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Matz R. Hyperosmolar nonacidotic diabetes (HNAD). In: Porte D Jr, Sherwin RS, eds. Diabetes mellitus: theory and practice. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1997:845-60.
    • (1997) Diabetes mellitus: Theory and practice , pp. 845-860
    • Matz, R.1
  • 10
    • 0021678888 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology and treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in a community population
    • Ellemann K, Soerensen JN, Pedersen L, et al. Epidemiology and treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in a community population. Diabetes Care 1984;7:528-32.
    • (1984) Diabetes Care , vol.7 , pp. 528-532
    • Ellemann, K.1    Soerensen, J.N.2    Pedersen, L.3
  • 12
    • 0018652624 scopus 로고
    • Hormonal interactions in the regulation of blood glucose
    • Felig P, Sherwin RS, Soman V, et al. Hormonal interactions in the regulation of blood glucose. Recent Prog Norm Res 1979;35:501-32.
    • (1979) Recent Prog Norm Res , vol.35 , pp. 501-532
    • Felig, P.1    Sherwin, R.S.2    Soman, V.3
  • 13
    • 0037387745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis and the hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state
    • Chiasson JL, Aris-Jilwan N, Belanger R, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis and the hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state. CMAJ 2003;168:859-66.
    • (2003) CMAJ , vol.168 , pp. 859-866
    • Chiasson, J.L.1    Aris-Jilwan, N.2    Belanger, R.3
  • 14
    • 0016851597 scopus 로고
    • Abdominal pain in diabetic metabolic decompensation. Clinical significance
    • Campbell IW, Duncan LJ, Innes JA, et al. Abdominal pain in diabetic metabolic decompensation. Clinical significance. JAMA 1975;233:166-8.
    • (1975) JAMA , vol.233 , pp. 166-168
    • Campbell, I.W.1    Duncan, L.J.2    Innes, J.A.3
  • 15
    • 0025153742 scopus 로고
    • Hyperglycaemia slows gastric emptying in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus
    • Fraser RJ, Horowitz M, Maddox AF, et al. Hyperglycaemia slows gastric emptying in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 1990;33:675-80.
    • (1990) Diabetologia , vol.33 , pp. 675-680
    • Fraser, R.J.1    Horowitz, M.2    Maddox, A.F.3
  • 16
    • 0028097810 scopus 로고
    • Effect of hvperglycaemia on gallbladder motility in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus
    • De Boer SY, Masclee AA, Lam WF, et al. Effect of hvperglycaemia on gallbladder motility in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 1994;37:75-81.
    • (1994) Diabetologia , vol.37 , pp. 75-81
    • De Boer, S.Y.1    Masclee, A.A.2    Lam, W.F.3
  • 19
    • 0027450825 scopus 로고
    • Spurious laboratory values in diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperlipidemia
    • Kaminska ES, Pourmotabbed G. Spurious laboratory values in diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperlipidemia. Am J Emerg Med 1993;11:77-80.
    • (1993) Am J Emerg Med , vol.11 , pp. 77-80
    • Kaminska, E.S.1    Pourmotabbed, G.2
  • 20
    • 0020533661 scopus 로고
    • A randomized study of phosphate therapy in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Fisher JN, Kitabchi AE. A randomized study of phosphate therapy in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983;57:177-80.
    • (1983) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.57 , pp. 177-180
    • Fisher, J.N.1    Kitabchi, A.E.2
  • 21
    • 0021035385 scopus 로고
    • Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus in adults: Experience in treating diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar nonketotic coma with low-dose insulin and a uniform treatment regimen
    • Carroll P, Matz R. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus in adults: experience in treating diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar nonketotic coma with low-dose insulin and a uniform treatment regimen. Diabetes Care 1983;6:579-85.
    • (1983) Diabetes Care , vol.6 , pp. 579-585
    • Carroll, P.1    Matz, R.2
  • 22
    • 0018582128 scopus 로고
    • Hyperamylasemia in diabetic ketoacidosis: Sources and significance
    • Vinicor F, Lehrner LM, Karn RC, et al. Hyperamylasemia in diabetic ketoacidosis: sources and significance. Ann Intern Med 1979;91:200-4.
    • (1979) Ann Intern Med , vol.91 , pp. 200-204
    • Vinicor, F.1    Lehrner, L.M.2    Karn, R.C.3
  • 23
    • 0033761206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonspecific hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia in diabetic ketoacidosis: Incidence and correlation with biochemical abnormalities
    • Yadav D, Nair S, Norkus EP, et al. Nonspecific hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia in diabetic ketoacidosis: incidence and correlation with biochemical abnormalities. Am J Gastroenterol 2000;95:3123-8.
    • (2000) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.95 , pp. 3123-3128
    • Yadav, D.1    Nair, S.2    Norkus, E.P.3
  • 24
    • 0023137640 scopus 로고
    • Diabetic ketoacidosis and infection: Leukocyte count and differential as early predictors of serious infection
    • Slovis CM, Mork VG, Slovis RJ, et al. Diabetic ketoacidosis and infection: leukocyte count and differential as early predictors of serious infection. Am J Emerg Med 1987;5:1-5.
    • (1987) Am J Emerg Med , vol.5 , pp. 1-5
    • Slovis, C.M.1    Mork, V.G.2    Slovis, R.J.3
  • 25
    • 0023226218 scopus 로고
    • Diabetic ketoacidosis: Effective low-cost treatment in a community hospital
    • Moss JM. Diabetic ketoacidosis: effective low-cost treatment in a community hospital. South Med J 1987;80:875-81.
    • (1987) South Med J , vol.80 , pp. 875-881
    • Moss, J.M.1
  • 26
    • 0027438211 scopus 로고
    • Resource utilization in treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in adults
    • May ME, Young C, King J. Resource utilization in treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in adults. Am J Med Sci 1993;306:287-94.
    • (1993) Am J Med Sci , vol.306 , pp. 287-294
    • May, M.E.1    Young, C.2    King, J.3
  • 27
    • 0015805975 scopus 로고
    • Small doses of intramuscular insulin in the treatment of diabetic "coma
    • Alberti KG, Hockaday TD, Turner RC. Small doses of intramuscular insulin in the treatment of diabetic "coma". Lancet 1973;2:515-22.
    • (1973) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 515-522
    • Alberti, K.G.1    Hockaday, T.D.2    Turner, R.C.3
  • 28
    • 0018418919 scopus 로고
    • Similar responsiveness of diabetic ketoacidosis to low-dose insulin by intramuscular injection and albumin-free infusion
    • Sacks HS, Shahshahani M, Kitabchi AE, et al. Similar responsiveness of diabetic ketoacidosis to low-dose insulin by intramuscular injection and albumin-free infusion. Ann Intern Med 1979;90:36-42.
    • (1979) Ann Intern Med , vol.90 , pp. 36-42
    • Sacks, H.S.1    Shahshahani, M.2    Kitabchi, A.E.3
  • 29
    • 0017377258 scopus 로고
    • Diabetic ketoacidosis: Low-dose insulin therapy by various routes
    • Fisher JN, Shahshahani MN, Kitabchi AE. Diabetic ketoacidosis: low-dose insulin therapy by various routes. N Engl J Med 1977;297:238-41.
    • (1977) N Engl J Med , vol.297 , pp. 238-241
    • Fisher, J.N.1    Shahshahani, M.N.2    Kitabchi, A.E.3
  • 30
    • 0023022624 scopus 로고
    • Bicarbonate therapy in severe diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Morris LR, Murphy MB, Kitabchi AE. Bicarbonate therapy in severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Ann Intern Med 1986;105:836-40.
    • (1986) Ann Intern Med , vol.105 , pp. 836-840
    • Morris, L.R.1    Murphy, M.B.2    Kitabchi, A.E.3
  • 31
    • 0020518687 scopus 로고
    • Sodium bicarbonate therapy in severe diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Lever E, Jaspan JB. Sodium bicarbonate therapy in severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Am J Med 1983;75:263-8.
    • (1983) Am J Med , vol.75 , pp. 263-268
    • Lever, E.1    Jaspan, J.B.2
  • 32
    • 0020533661 scopus 로고
    • A randomized study of phosphate therapy in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Fisher JN, Kitabchi AE. A randomized study of phosphate therapy in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983;57:177-80.
    • (1983) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.57 , pp. 177-180
    • Fisher, J.N.1    Kitabchi, A.E.2
  • 33
    • 84948005598 scopus 로고
    • Phosphate therapy in diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Wilson HK, Keuer SP, Lea AS, et al. Phosphate therapy in diabetic ketoacidosis. Arch Intern Med 1982;142:517-20.
    • (1982) Arch Intern Med , vol.142 , pp. 517-520
    • Wilson, H.K.1    Keuer, S.P.2    Lea, A.S.3
  • 34
    • 0018722452 scopus 로고
    • Diabetic ketoacidosis. Induction of hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia by phosphate therapy
    • Winter RJ, Harris CJ, Phillips LS, et al. Diabetic ketoacidosis. Induction of hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia by phosphate therapy. Am J Med 1979;67:897-900.
    • (1979) Am J Med , vol.67 , pp. 897-900
    • Winter, R.J.1    Harris, C.J.2    Phillips, L.S.3
  • 35
    • 0024424478 scopus 로고
    • Deaths associated with diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma, 1439, 441-2, 444. 1989
    • Hamblin PS, Topliss DJ, Chosich N, et al. Deaths associated with diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma. 1973-1988. Med J Aust 1989;151:1439, 441-2, 444.
    • (1973) Med J Aust , vol.151
    • Hamblin, P.S.1    Topliss, D.J.2    Chosich, N.3
  • 36
    • 0030064302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, etiology, and prognostic significance of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Faigel DO, Metz DC. Prevalence, etiology, and prognostic significance of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in diabetic ketoacidosis. Dig Dis Sci 1996;41:1-8.
    • (1996) Dig Dis Sci , vol.41 , pp. 1-8
    • Faigel, D.O.1    Metz, D.C.2
  • 37
    • 0025330703 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral oedema in diabetic ketoacidosis in children
    • Bello FA, Sotos JF. Cerebral oedema in diabetic ketoacidosis in children. Lancet 1990;336:64.
    • (1990) Lancet , vol.336 , pp. 64
    • Bello, F.A.1    Sotos, J.F.2
  • 38
    • 0025120330 scopus 로고
    • Intracerebral crises during treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Rosenbloom AL. Intracerebral crises during treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetes Care 1990;13:22-33.
    • (1990) Diabetes Care , vol.13 , pp. 22-33
    • Rosenbloom, A.L.1
  • 39
    • 0028814995 scopus 로고
    • Nonketotic hypertonicity in diabetes mellitus
    • Lorber D. Nonketotic hypertonicity in diabetes mellitus. Med Clin North Am 1995;79:39-52.
    • (1995) Med Clin North Am , vol.79 , pp. 39-52
    • Lorber, D.1
  • 40
    • 0025191484 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of normochloremic and hyperchloremic acidosis in diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Oh MS, Carroll HJ, Uribarri J. Mechanism of normochloremic and hyperchloremic acidosis in diabetic ketoacidosis. Nephron 1990;54:1-6.
    • (1990) Nephron , vol.54 , pp. 1-6
    • Oh, M.S.1    Carroll, H.J.2    Uribarri, J.3
  • 41
    • 0021281906 scopus 로고
    • Hypochloremia as a consequence of anion gap metabolic acidosis
    • Madias NE, Homer SM, Johns CA, et al. Hypochloremia as a consequence of anion gap metabolic acidosis. J Lab Clin Med 1984;104:15-23.
    • (1984) J Lab Clin Med , vol.104 , pp. 15-23
    • Madias, N.E.1    Homer, S.M.2    Johns, C.A.3
  • 42
    • 0019449997 scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of hyperchloremic acidosis during the recovery phase of diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Oh MS, Banerji MA, Carroll HJ. The mechanism of hyperchloremic acidosis during the recovery phase of diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetes 1981;30:310-13.
    • (1981) Diabetes , vol.30 , pp. 310-313
    • Oh, M.S.1    Banerji, M.A.2    Carroll, H.J.3
  • 43
    • 0030852089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence and risk factors for serious hypoglycemia in older persons using insulin or sulfonylureas
    • Shorr RI, Ray WA, Daughterly JR, et al. Incidence and risk factors for serious hypoglycemia in older persons using insulin or sulfonylureas. Arch Intern Med 1997;157:1681-6.
    • (1997) Arch Intern Med , vol.157 , pp. 1681-1686
    • Shorr, R.I.1    Ray, W.A.2    Daughterly, J.R.3
  • 44
    • 33847396360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The East Anglian Ambulance Trust diabetes emergencies audit - numbers and demographics
    • Sampson MJ, Mortley S, Aldridge VJ. The East Anglian Ambulance Trust diabetes emergencies audit - numbers and demographics. Diabet Med 2006;23:P101.
    • (2006) Diabet Med , vol.23
    • Sampson, M.J.1    Mortley, S.2    Aldridge, V.J.3
  • 45
    • 0027370108 scopus 로고
    • The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group
    • The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1993;329:977-86.
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.329 , pp. 977-986
  • 46
    • 0029658261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is autonomic neuropathy a risk factor for severe hypoglycaemia? The EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study
    • Stephenson JM, Kempler P, Perin PC, et al. Is autonomic neuropathy a risk factor for severe hypoglycaemia? The EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study. Diabetologia 1996;39:1372-6.
    • (1996) Diabetologia , vol.39 , pp. 1372-1376
    • Stephenson, J.M.1    Kempler, P.2    Perin, P.C.3
  • 47
    • 0027444659 scopus 로고
    • Meticulous prevention of hypoglycemia normalizes the glycemic thresholds and magnitude of most of neuroendocrine responses to, symptoms of, and cognitive function during hypoglycemia in intensively treated patients with short-term IDDM
    • Fanelli CG, Epifano L, Rambotti AM, et al. Meticulous prevention of hypoglycemia normalizes the glycemic thresholds and magnitude of most of neuroendocrine responses to, symptoms of, and cognitive function during hypoglycemia in intensively treated patients with short-term IDDM. Diabetes 1993;42:1683-9.
    • (1993) Diabetes , vol.42 , pp. 1683-1689
    • Fanelli, C.G.1    Epifano, L.2    Rambotti, A.M.3
  • 48
    • 0028954779 scopus 로고
    • Improvement of impaired counterregulatory hormone response and symptom perception by short-term avoidance of hypoglycemia in IDDM
    • Lingenfelser T, Buettner U, Martin J, et al. Improvement of impaired counterregulatory hormone response and symptom perception by short-term avoidance of hypoglycemia in IDDM. Diabetes Care 1995;18:321-5.
    • (1995) Diabetes Care , vol.18 , pp. 321-325
    • Lingenfelser, T.1    Buettner, U.2    Martin, J.3
  • 49
    • 0023941280 scopus 로고
    • Plasma glucose concentrations at the onset of hypoglycemic symptoms in patients with poorly controlled diabetes and in nondiabetics
    • Boyle PJ, Schwartz NS, Shah SD, et al. Plasma glucose concentrations at the onset of hypoglycemic symptoms in patients with poorly controlled diabetes and in nondiabetics. N Engl J Med 1988;318:1487-92.
    • (1988) N Engl J Med , vol.318 , pp. 1487-1492
    • Boyle, P.J.1    Schwartz, N.S.2    Shah, S.D.3
  • 50
    • 33847372378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HYPOBOX' a practical aid in the management of hypoglycaemia in hospital
    • Baker H, Horton A, Low P, et al. 'HYPOBOX' a practical aid in the management of hypoglycaemia in hospital. Diabet Med 2006;23:P186.
    • (2006) Diabet Med , vol.23
    • Baker, H.1    Horton, A.2    Low, P.3
  • 51
    • 33847410897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Audit of hypoglycaemia management amongst junior doctors
    • Forrest LV, Obuobie KO. Audit of hypoglycaemia management amongst junior doctors. Diabet Med 2006;23:P187.
    • (2006) Diabet Med , vol.23
    • Forrest, L.V.1    Obuobie, K.O.2
  • 52
    • 0027964235 scopus 로고
    • Parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related protein in the investigation or hypercalcaemia in two hospital populations
    • Walls J, Ratcliffe WA, Howell A, et al. Parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related protein in the investigation or hypercalcaemia in two hospital populations. Clin Endocrinol (Oxford) 1994;41:407-13.
    • (1994) Clin Endocrinol (Oxford) , vol.41 , pp. 407-413
    • Walls, J.1    Ratcliffe, W.A.2    Howell, A.3
  • 53
    • 0015959852 scopus 로고
    • Primary hyperparathyroidism: Clinical and biochemical features
    • Mallette LE, Bilezikian JP, Heath DA, et al. Primary hyperparathyroidism: clinical and biochemical features. Medicine (Baltimore) 1974;53:127-46.
    • (1974) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.53 , pp. 127-146
    • Mallette, L.E.1    Bilezikian, J.P.2    Heath, D.A.3
  • 54
    • 0023513066 scopus 로고
    • Effect of parathyroidectomy in patients with hyperparathyroidism, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and multiple endocrine neoplasia type I: A prospective study
    • Norton JA, Cornelius MJ, Doppman JL, et al. Effect of parathyroidectomy in patients with hyperparathyroidism, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and multiple endocrine neoplasia type I: a prospective study. Surgery 1987;102:958-66.
    • (1987) Surgery , vol.102 , pp. 958-966
    • Norton, J.A.1    Cornelius, M.J.2    Doppman, J.L.3
  • 55
    • 0019987245 scopus 로고
    • Pancreatitis associated with primary hyperparathyroidism
    • Paloyan D, Simonowitz D, Paloyan E, et al. Pancreatitis associated with primary hyperparathyroidism. Am Surg 1982;48:366- 8.
    • (1982) Am Surg , vol.48 , pp. 366-368
    • Paloyan, D.1    Simonowitz, D.2    Paloyan, E.3
  • 57
    • 0021365130 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of the polyuria of hypercalcemia
    • Goldfarb S, Agus ZS. Mechanism of the polyuria of hypercalcemia. Am J Nephrol 1984;4:69-76.
    • (1984) Am J Nephrol , vol.4 , pp. 69-76
    • Goldfarb, S.1    Agus, Z.S.2
  • 58
    • 0018842970 scopus 로고
    • Nephrocalcinosis in radiographs, computed tomography, sonography and histology
    • Manz F, Jaschke W, van Kaick G, et al. Nephrocalcinosis in radiographs, computed tomography, sonography and histology. Pediatr Radiol 1980;9:19-26.
    • (1980) Pediatr Radiol , vol.9 , pp. 19-26
    • Manz, F.1    Jaschke, W.2    van Kaick, G.3
  • 59
  • 60
    • 0019776316 scopus 로고
    • Rehydration in the treatment of severe hypercalcaemia
    • Hosking DJ, Cowley A, Bucknall CA. Rehydration in the treatment of severe hypercalcaemia. QJM 1981;50:473-81.
    • (1981) QJM , vol.50 , pp. 473-481
    • Hosking, D.J.1    Cowley, A.2    Bucknall, C.A.3
  • 61
    • 0027132977 scopus 로고
    • Clinical review 51: Management of hypercalcemia
    • Bilezikian JP. Clinical review 51: management of hypercalcemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1993;77:1445-9.
    • (1993) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.77 , pp. 1445-1449
    • Bilezikian, J.P.1
  • 62
    • 0022548740 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia with intravenous aminohydroxypropylidene diphosphonate
    • Body JJ, Borkowski A, Cleeren A, et al. Treatment of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia with intravenous aminohydroxypropylidene diphosphonate. J Clin Oncol 1986;4:1177-83.
    • (1986) J Clin Oncol , vol.4 , pp. 1177-1183
    • Body, J.J.1    Borkowski, A.2    Cleeren, A.3
  • 63
    • 0032434254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current use of bisphosphonates in oncology. International Bone and Cancer Study Group
    • Body JJ, Bartl R, Burckhardt P, et al. Current use of bisphosphonates in oncology. International Bone and Cancer Study Group. J Clin Oncol 1998;16:3890-9.
    • (1998) J Clin Oncol , vol.16 , pp. 3890-3899
    • Body, J.J.1    Bartl, R.2    Burckhardt, P.3
  • 64
    • 0024350363 scopus 로고
    • Use of clodronate and calcitonin in hypercalcemia due to malignancy
    • Ljunghall S. Use of clodronate and calcitonin in hypercalcemia due to malignancy. Recent Results Cancer Res 1989;116:40-5.
    • (1989) Recent Results Cancer Res , vol.116 , pp. 40-45
    • Ljunghall, S.1
  • 65
    • 0028897693 scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D analogs: New therapeutic agents for the treatment of squamous cancer and its associated hypercalcemia
    • Yu J, Papavasiliou V, Rhim J, et al. Vitamin D analogs: new therapeutic agents for the treatment of squamous cancer and its associated hypercalcemia. Anticancer Drugs 1995;6:101-8.
    • (1995) Anticancer Drugs , vol.6 , pp. 101-108
    • Yu, J.1    Papavasiliou, V.2    Rhim, J.3
  • 67
    • 0021203829 scopus 로고
    • Determination of free thyroid hormones and their binding proteins in a patient with severe hyperthyroidism (thyroid storm?) and thyroid encephalopathy
    • Colebunders R, Bourdoux P, Bekaert J, et al. Determination of free thyroid hormones and their binding proteins in a patient with severe hyperthyroidism (thyroid storm?) and thyroid encephalopathy. J Endocrinol Invest 1984;7:379-81.
    • (1984) J Endocrinol Invest , vol.7 , pp. 379-381
    • Colebunders, R.1    Bourdoux, P.2    Bekaert, J.3
  • 68
    • 0018928002 scopus 로고
    • Free thyroxine concentrations in thyroid storm
    • Brooks MH, Waldstein SS. Free thyroxine concentrations in thyroid storm. Ann Intern Med 1980;93:694-7.
    • (1980) Ann Intern Med , vol.93 , pp. 694-697
    • Brooks, M.H.1    Waldstein, S.S.2
  • 69
    • 0033387748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with mortality of myxedema coma: Report of eight cases and literature survey
    • Yamamoto T, Fukuyama J, Fujiyoshi A. Factors associated with mortality of myxedema coma: report of eight cases and literature survey. Thyroid 1999;9:1167-74.
    • (1999) Thyroid , vol.9 , pp. 1167-1174
    • Yamamoto, T.1    Fukuyama, J.2    Fujiyoshi, A.3
  • 70
    • 0021967388 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of myxoedema coma-factors associated with fatal outcome
    • Hylander B, Rosenqvist U. Treatment of myxoedema coma-factors associated with fatal outcome. Acta Endocrinol (Copenhagen) 1985;108:65-71.
    • (1985) Acta Endocrinol (Copenhagen) , vol.108 , pp. 65-71
    • Hylander, B.1    Rosenqvist, U.2
  • 71
    • 0021967388 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of myxoedema coma-factors associated with fatal outcome
    • Hylander B, Rosenqvist U. Treatment of myxoedema coma-factors associated with fatal outcome. Acta Endocrinol (Copenhagen) 1985;108:65-71.
    • (1985) Acta Endocrinol (Copenhagen) , vol.108 , pp. 65-71
    • Hylander, B.1    Rosenqvist, U.2
  • 72
    • 1542301066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with mortality of patients with myxoedema coma: Prospective study in 11 cases treated in a single institution
    • Rodriguez I, Fluiters E, Perez-Mendez LF, et al. Factors associated with mortality of patients with myxoedema coma: prospective study in 11 cases treated in a single institution. J Endocrinol 2004;180:347-50.
    • (2004) J Endocrinol , vol.180 , pp. 347-350
    • Rodriguez, I.1    Fluiters, E.2    Perez-Mendez, L.F.3
  • 73
    • 0001141708 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of myxedema coma with intravenous thyroxine
    • Holvey JN, Goodner G, Nicoloff JT, et al. Treatment of myxedema coma with intravenous thyroxine. Arch Intern Med 1964;113:89-96.
    • (1964) Arch Intern Med , vol.113 , pp. 89-96
    • Holvey, J.N.1    Goodner, G.2    Nicoloff, J.T.3
  • 74
    • 0022401584 scopus 로고
    • Adrenocortical insufficiency
    • Burke CW. Adrenocortical insufficiency. Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985;14:947-76.
    • (1985) Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.14 , pp. 947-976
    • Burke, C.W.1
  • 75
    • 0020065803 scopus 로고
    • Isolated ACTH deficiency: A heterogeneous disorder. Critical review and report of four new cases
    • Stacpoole PW, Interlandi JW, Nicholson WE, et al. Isolated ACTH deficiency: a heterogeneous disorder. Critical review and report of four new cases. Medicine (Baltimore) 1982;61:13-24.
    • (1982) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.61 , pp. 13-24
    • Stacpoole, P.W.1    Interlandi, J.W.2    Nicholson, W.E.3
  • 76
    • 0030906125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of optimal hydrocortisone replacement therapy
    • Howlett TA. An assessment of optimal hydrocortisone replacement therapy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxford) 1997;46:263-8.
    • (1997) Clin Endocrinol (Oxford) , vol.46 , pp. 263-268
    • Howlett, T.A.1
  • 77
    • 0017195532 scopus 로고
    • Control of mineralocorticoid substitution in Addison's disease by plasma renin measurement
    • Oelkers W, L'age M. Control of mineralocorticoid substitution in Addison's disease by plasma renin measurement. Klin Wochenschr 1976;54:607-12.
    • (1976) Klin Wochenschr , vol.54 , pp. 607-612
    • Oelkers, W.1    L'age, M.2
  • 78
    • 0021331762 scopus 로고
    • Evidence that patients with Addison's disease are undertreated with fludrocortisone
    • Smith SJ, MacGregor GA, Markandu ND, et al. Evidence that patients with Addison's disease are undertreated with fludrocortisone. Lancet 1984;1:11-4.
    • (1984) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 11-14
    • Smith, S.J.1    MacGregor, G.A.2    Markandu, N.D.3
  • 79
    • 0024204114 scopus 로고
    • Pheochromocytoma
    • Ram CV. Pheochromocytoma. Cardial Clin 1988;6:517- 35.
    • (1988) Cardial Clin , vol.6 , pp. 517-535
    • Ram, C.V.1
  • 80
    • 0242351258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diseases of the sympathochromaffin system
    • Felig P, Frohman LA, eds, New York: McGraw-Hill
    • Cryer PE. Diseases of the sympathochromaffin system. In: Felig P, Frohman LA, eds. Endocrinology and metabolism. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001:525-51.
    • (2001) Endocrinology and metabolism , pp. 525-551
    • Cryer, P.E.1
  • 81
    • 0021764576 scopus 로고
    • Current concepts. Pheochromocytoma: Diagnosis, localization and management
    • Bravo EL, Gifford RW Jr. Current concepts. Pheochromocytoma: diagnosis, localization and management, N Engl J Med 1984;311: 1298-303.
    • (1984) N Engl J Med , vol.311 , pp. 1298-1303
    • Bravo, E.L.1    Gifford Jr., R.W.2
  • 82
    • 0027999061 scopus 로고
    • Pituitary apoplexy caused by endocrine stimulation tests: A case report
    • Okuda O, Umezawa H, Miyaoka M. Pituitary apoplexy caused by endocrine stimulation tests: a case report. Surg Neurol 1994;42:19-22.
    • (1994) Surg Neurol , vol.42 , pp. 19-22
    • Okuda, O.1    Umezawa, H.2    Miyaoka, M.3
  • 83
    • 3543013230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute visual loss and pituitary apoplexy after surgery
    • Abbott J, Kirkby GR. Acute visual loss and pituitary apoplexy after surgery. BMJ 2004;329:218-19.
    • (2004) BMJ , vol.329 , pp. 218-219
    • Abbott, J.1    Kirkby, G.R.2
  • 84
    • 10844268665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute management of pituitary apoplexy - surgery or conservative management?
    • Ayuk J, McGregor EJ, Mitchell RD, et al. Acute management of pituitary apoplexy - surgery or conservative management? Clin Endocrinol (Oxford) 2004;61:747-52.
    • (2004) Clin Endocrinol (Oxford) , vol.61 , pp. 747-752
    • Ayuk, J.1    McGregor, E.J.2    Mitchell, R.D.3
  • 85
    • 0032806548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classical pituitary apoplexy: Clinical features, management and outcome
    • Randeva HS, Schoebel J, Byrne J, et al. Classical pituitary apoplexy: clinical features, management and outcome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxford) 1999;51:181-8.
    • (1999) Clin Endocrinol (Oxford) , vol.51 , pp. 181-188
    • Randeva, H.S.1    Schoebel, J.2    Byrne, J.3
  • 86
    • 0019987068 scopus 로고
    • Hemorrhage, necrosis, and apoplexy in pituitary adenomas
    • Mohr G, Hardy J. Hemorrhage, necrosis, and apoplexy in pituitary adenomas. Surg Neurol 1982;18:181-9.
    • (1982) Surg Neurol , vol.18 , pp. 181-189
    • Mohr, G.1    Hardy, J.2
  • 87
    • 0027527812 scopus 로고
    • A retrospective analysis of pituitary apoplexy
    • Bills DC, Meyer FB, Laws ER Jr, et al. A retrospective analysis of pituitary apoplexy. Neurosurgery 1993;33:602-8.
    • (1993) Neurosurgery , vol.33 , pp. 602-608
    • Bills, D.C.1    Meyer, F.B.2    Laws Jr, E.R.3
  • 88
    • 33644936589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequent occurrence of pituitary apoplexy in patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma
    • Nielsen EH, Lindholm J, Bjerre P, et al. Frequent occurrence of pituitary apoplexy in patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxford) 2006;64:319-22.
    • (2006) Clin Endocrinol (Oxford) , vol.64 , pp. 319-322
    • Nielsen, E.H.1    Lindholm, J.2    Bjerre, P.3
  • 89
    • 0032806548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classical pituitary apoplexy: Clinical features, management and outcome
    • Randeva HS, Schoebel J, Byrne J, et al. Classical pituitary apoplexy: clinical features, management and outcome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxford) 1999;51:181-8.
    • (1999) Clin Endocrinol (Oxford) , vol.51 , pp. 181-188
    • Randeva, H.S.1    Schoebel, J.2    Byrne, J.3
  • 90
    • 0028841961 scopus 로고
    • Severe hypotension and coma secondary to unrecognized chronic anterior hypophysitis
    • Kaufmann P, Lax SF, Radner H, et al. Severe hypotension and coma secondary to unrecognized chronic anterior hypophysitis. Intensive Care Med 1995;21:847-9.
    • (1995) Intensive Care Med , vol.21 , pp. 847-849
    • Kaufmann, P.1    Lax, S.F.2    Radner, H.3
  • 91
    • 0025127065 scopus 로고
    • Improvement of pituitary function after surgical decompression for pituitary tumor apoplexy
    • Arafah BM, Harrington JF, Madhoun ZT, et al. Improvement of pituitary function after surgical decompression for pituitary tumor apoplexy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990;71:323-8.
    • (1990) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.71 , pp. 323-328
    • Arafah, B.M.1    Harrington, J.F.2    Madhoun, Z.T.3
  • 92
    • 0029042419 scopus 로고
    • Conservative management of pituitary apoplexy: A prospective study
    • Maccagnan P, Macedo CL, Kayath MJ, et al. Conservative management of pituitary apoplexy: a prospective study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995;80:2190-7.
    • (1995) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.80 , pp. 2190-2197
    • Maccagnan, P.1    Macedo, C.L.2    Kayath, M.J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.