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Neutrons produced in a fission or fusion process are in thermal equilibrium with the nucleus and have energies in the megaelectron volt range and wavelengths that are commensurate with the size of the nucleus, ∼10 -15 m. These neutrons are of little or no use for studies of condensed matter, where the energy scales are millielectron volts and the wavelengths needed are on the order of angstroms ∼10-10 m
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Monte Carlo neutron transport code simulations (16) of the conceptual design show that it will be possible to moderate the 14-MeV neutrons to 1 eV, by using water, with an efficiency of ∼10-7 n eV-1 Sr-1 cm-2 per fast neutron (the probability of a source neutron being thermalized and leaving one of the moderator faces, This is less by a factor of about 20 than current optimized spallation source designs, which typically have efficiencies of ∼2 × 10-6 n eV-1 Sr-1 cm1 per fast neutron, as is the case for the ISIS target station. ISIS produces ∼5 × 1014 fast neutrons per pulse and hence delivers ∼109 n eV-1 Sr-1 cm-2 per pulse (at 1 eV) from each of the moderator faces. The fusion target will produce in excess of 1019 neutrons per pulse and thus around 1012 n eV-1 Sr-1 cm
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-2 per pulse, or some 1000 times as much as the flux per pulse from an equivalent ISIS moderator.
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Although magnetically confined fusion reactors such as ITER have integrated neutron fluences comparable to the laser-driven reactor of ∼5 × 1014 n cm-2 s-1, because ITER is steady-state, it would offer no advantage over current sources of neutrons
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-1, because ITER is steady-state, it would offer no advantage over current sources of neutrons.
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26
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33847262003
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discussions about cooling limits in cryogenic moderators, and two anonymous reviewers for perceptive and constructive comments on the manuscript
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We thank M. Simon from ISIS for helpful discussions about cooling limits in cryogenic moderators, and two anonymous reviewers for perceptive and constructive comments on the manuscript.
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Simon from ISIS for helpful
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We thank, M.1
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