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For recent reviews in C-glycoside biology and biosynthesis, see: a
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For recent reviews in C-glycoside biology and biosynthesis, see: (a) Bililign, T.; Griffith, B. R.; Thorson, J. S. Nat. Prod. Rep. 2005, 22, 742-760.
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Bililign, T.1
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8
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12944306056
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For reviews on C-glycoside synthesis, see: a, Elsevier Science Ltd, New York
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For reviews on C-glycoside synthesis, see: (a) Meo, P.; Osborn, H. M. I. Best Synthetic Methods: Carbohydrates; Elsevier Science Ltd.: New York, 2003; pp 337-384.
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Meo, P.1
Osborn, H.M.I.2
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Aryl C-glycosides: ref 2 and Lee, D. Y. W.; He, M. Curr. Top. Med. Chem 2005, 5, 1333-1350.
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(c) Aryl C-glycosides: ref 2 and Lee, D. Y. W.; He, M. Curr. Top. Med. Chem 2005, 5, 1333-1350.
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2 cross-couplings, see: (a) Chen, C.-L.; Martin, S. F. J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 4810-4817.
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2 cross-couplings, see: (a) Chen, C.-L.; Martin, S. F. J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 4810-4817.
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(c) Jeanneret, V.; Meerpoel, L.; Vogel, P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1997, 38, 543-546.
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For Pd-mediated Heck-type couplings, see:, Jr
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For Pd-mediated Heck-type couplings, see: Daves, G. D., Jr. Acc. Chem. Res. 1990, 23, 201-206.
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For several disparate examples of Cl organometallic compounds, see: a
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For several disparate examples of Cl organometallic compounds, see: (a) DeShong, P.; Soli, E. D.; Slough, G. A.; Sidler, R. D.; Elango, V.; Rybczynski, P. J.; Vosejpka, L. J. S.; Lessen, T. A.; Le, T. X.; Anderson, G. B.; von Philipsborn, W.; Vohler, M.; Rentsch, D.; Zerbe, O. J. Organomet. Chem. 2000, 593-594, 49.
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Elango, V.5
Rybczynski, P.J.6
Vosejpka, L.J.S.7
Lessen, T.A.8
Le, T.X.9
Anderson, G.B.10
von Philipsborn, W.11
Vohler, M.12
Rentsch, D.13
Zerbe, O.14
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(c) Ghosez, A.; Göbel, T.; Giese, B. Chem. Her. 1988, 121, 1807-1811.
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Giese, B.3
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For inhibition of β-H elimination in nonpincer Pd systems, see: a
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For inhibition of β-H elimination in nonpincer Pd systems, see: (a) Oestereich, M.; Dennison, P. R.; Kodanko, J. J.; Overman, L. E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 1439-1442.
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Dennison, P.R.2
Kodanko, J.J.3
Overman, L.E.4
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24
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See also: a
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See also: (a) Hahn, C.; Cucciolito, M. E.; Vitagliano, A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 9038-9039.
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Vitagliano, A.3
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(b) Cucciolito, M. E.; D'Amora, A.; Vitagliano, A. Organometallics 2005, 24, 3359-3361.
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Organometallics
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(c) Kerber, W. D.; Koh, J. H.; Gagné, M. R. Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 3013-3015.
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Kerber, W.D.1
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(d) Feducia, J.; Campbell, A. N.; Doherty, M. Q. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 13290-13297.
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Feducia, J.1
Campbell, A.N.2
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and references therein
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(a) Arp, F. O.; Fu, G. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 10482-10483 and references therein.
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Arp, F.O.1
Fu, G.C.2
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0037622656
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For examples of π-allyl Pd strategies for O-glycoside synthesis, see for example: (a) Comely, A. C, Eelkema, R, Minnaard, A. J, Feringa, B. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 8714-8715
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For examples of π-allyl Pd strategies for O-glycoside synthesis, see for example: (a) Comely, A. C.; Eelkema, R.; Minnaard, A. J.; Feringa, B. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 8714-8715.
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(c) Kim, H.; Men, H.; Lee, C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 1336-1337.
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(a) Jones, G. D.; Martin, J. L.; McFarland, C.; Allen, O. R.; Hall, R. E.; Haley, A. D.; Brandon, R. J.; Konovalova, T.; Desrochers, P. J.; Pulay, P.; Vicic, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 13175-13183.
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Jones, G.D.1
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Haley, A.D.6
Brandon, R.J.7
Konovalova, T.8
Desrochers, P.J.9
Pulay, P.10
Vicic, D.A.11
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(b) Jones, G. D.; McFarland, C.; Anderson, T. J.; Vicic, D. A. Chem. Commun. 2005, 4211-4213.
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(c) Anderson, T. J.; Jones, G. D.; Vicic, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 8100-8101.
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In the course of the screening experiment, it was occasionally observed that β-H elimination can occur, but this product is absent in the indicated entries
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In the course of the screening experiment, it was occasionally observed that β-H elimination can occur, but this product is absent in the indicated entries.
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33847322404
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Additional optimization of this reaction indicated that DMA improved the yields to 60, while maintaining the high β-selectivity. Unfortunately, high selectivity was not maintained with larger reagents (Ph(CH 2)3-Zn-Br, tBu3terpy, which significantly improves alkyl-alkyl Negishi cross-couplings (see ref 12a, did not yield the Cl-methyl product in DMA, though it was observed in THF ∼40% with high β-selectivity
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3terpy, which significantly improves alkyl-alkyl Negishi cross-couplings (see ref 12a), did not yield the Cl-methyl product in DMA, though it was observed in THF (∼40% with high β-selectivity).
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33847305818
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Preliminary experiments with aryl zinc reagents indicate that some Cl-aryl product can be obtained using the standard protocol ∼40, Experiments to optimize the reaction conditions are underway and will be reported in due course. In contrast, preliminary experiments with BnZnBr did not give the C-glycoside
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Preliminary experiments with aryl zinc reagents indicate that some Cl-aryl product can be obtained using the standard protocol (∼40%). Experiments to optimize the reaction conditions are underway and will be reported in due course. In contrast, preliminary experiments with BnZnBr did not give the C-glycoside.
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In the case of aceto-α-bromo-D-mannose and Ph(CH2) 3Zn-Br a lower catalyst loading 5 mol , was also tolerated with minimal diminution in yield and diastereoselectivity
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3Zn-Br a lower catalyst loading (5 mol %) was also tolerated with minimal diminution in yield and diastereoselectivity.
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