메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 241, Issue 1-3, 2007, Pages 162-174

Impact of mechanized logging on compaction status of sandy forest soils

Author keywords

Brash mat; Bulk density; Compaction; Forest soil; Harvesting; Penetration resistance; Sand

Indexed keywords

LOGGING (FORESTRY); SOILS;

EID: 33847283285     PISSN: 03781127     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.01.019     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (172)

References (71)
  • 2
    • 33847252132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alban, H.D., Host, G.E., Elioff, J.D., Shadis, D.A., 1994. Soil and Vegetation Response to Soil Compaction and Forest Floor Removal after Aspen Harvesting. Research paper NC-315, USDA Forest Service, St. Paul, Minnesota.
  • 3
    • 0034255220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cations in solution from forest soils subjected to forest floor removal and compaction treatments
    • Arocena J.M. Cations in solution from forest soils subjected to forest floor removal and compaction treatments. For. Ecol. Manage. 133 (2000) 71-80
    • (2000) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.133 , pp. 71-80
    • Arocena, J.M.1
  • 4
    • 0032204948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visually determined soil disturbance classes used as indices of forest harvesting disturbance
    • Aust W.M., Burger J.A., Carter E.A., Preston D.P., and Patterson S.C. Visually determined soil disturbance classes used as indices of forest harvesting disturbance. South. J. Appl. Forest. 22 (1998) 245-250
    • (1998) South. J. Appl. Forest. , vol.22 , pp. 245-250
    • Aust, W.M.1    Burger, J.A.2    Carter, E.A.3    Preston, D.P.4    Patterson, S.C.5
  • 6
    • 0034255097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of forest management on northern forest soils
    • Ballard T.M. Impacts of forest management on northern forest soils. For. Ecol. Manage. 133 (2000) 37-42
    • (2000) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.133 , pp. 37-42
    • Ballard, T.M.1
  • 7
    • 3042802393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term impact of forest soil compaction and organic matter removal on soil mesofauna density and oribatid mite diversity
    • Battigelli J.P., Spence J.R., Langor D.W., and Berch S.M. Short-term impact of forest soil compaction and organic matter removal on soil mesofauna density and oribatid mite diversity. Can. J. For. Res. 34 (2004) 1136-1149
    • (2004) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.34 , pp. 1136-1149
    • Battigelli, J.P.1    Spence, J.R.2    Langor, D.W.3    Berch, S.M.4
  • 9
    • 33847264578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bohn, U., Neuhausl, R., unter Mitarbeit von Gollub, G., Hettwer, C., Neuhauslova, Z., Schlueter, H., Weber H., 2003. Map of the Natural Vegetation of Europe. Scale 1: 2,500,000.
  • 10
    • 0034850774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence of soil compaction and effects on seedling growth in northwestern Quebec
    • Brais S. Persistence of soil compaction and effects on seedling growth in northwestern Quebec. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 65 (2001) 1263-1271
    • (2001) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. , vol.65 , pp. 1263-1271
    • Brais, S.1
  • 11
    • 0031860881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil compaction induced by careful logging in the claybelt region of northwestern Quebec (Canada)
    • Brais S., and Camiré C. Soil compaction induced by careful logging in the claybelt region of northwestern Quebec (Canada). Can. J. Soil Sci. 78 (1998) 197-206
    • (1998) Can. J. Soil Sci. , vol.78 , pp. 197-206
    • Brais, S.1    Camiré, C.2
  • 12
    • 0037416084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of skid trails and haul roads on understorey plant richness and composition in managed forest landscapes in Upper Michigan, USA
    • Buckley D.S., Crow T.R., Nauertz E.A., and Schulz K.E. Influence of skid trails and haul roads on understorey plant richness and composition in managed forest landscapes in Upper Michigan, USA. For. Ecol. Manage. 175 (2003) 509-520
    • (2003) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.175 , pp. 509-520
    • Buckley, D.S.1    Crow, T.R.2    Nauertz, E.A.3    Schulz, K.E.4
  • 13
    • 1542674475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A conceptual model to predict the deflation threshold shear velocity as affected by near-surface water content. 1. Theory
    • Cornelis W.M., Gabriels D., and Hartmann R. A conceptual model to predict the deflation threshold shear velocity as affected by near-surface water content. 1. Theory. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 68 (2004) 1154-1161
    • (2004) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. , vol.68 , pp. 1154-1161
    • Cornelis, W.M.1    Gabriels, D.2    Hartmann, R.3
  • 15
    • 0026359912 scopus 로고
    • Timber harvest trafficking and soil compaction in Western Montana
    • Cullen S.J., Montagne C., and Ferguson H. Timber harvest trafficking and soil compaction in Western Montana. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 55 (1991) 1416-1421
    • (1991) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. , vol.55 , pp. 1416-1421
    • Cullen, S.J.1    Montagne, C.2    Ferguson, H.3
  • 17
    • 0034816595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effets des techniques d'exploitation forestières sur l'état de surface du sol
    • Deconchat M. Effets des techniques d'exploitation forestières sur l'état de surface du sol. Ann. For. Sci. 58 (2001) 653-661
    • (2001) Ann. For. Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 653-661
    • Deconchat, M.1
  • 18
    • 0000194924 scopus 로고
    • Soil compaction after tree-length skidding in Northern Mississippi
    • Dickerson B.P. Soil compaction after tree-length skidding in Northern Mississippi. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 40 (1976) 965-966
    • (1976) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. , vol.40 , pp. 965-966
    • Dickerson, B.P.1
  • 19
    • 1542579812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen mineralization and vegetation along skidding tracks
    • Ebrecht L., and Schmidt W. Nitrogen mineralization and vegetation along skidding tracks. Ann. For. Sci. 60 (2003) 733-740
    • (2003) Ann. For. Sci. , vol.60 , pp. 733-740
    • Ebrecht, L.1    Schmidt, W.2
  • 20
    • 22044449788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Einfluss van Rückengassen auf die vegetation
    • Ebrecht L., and Schmidt W. Einfluss van Rückengassen auf die vegetation. Forstarchiv 76 (2005) 83-101
    • (2005) Forstarchiv , vol.76 , pp. 83-101
    • Ebrecht, L.1    Schmidt, W.2
  • 23
    • 21244486732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of pressure on the root systems of Norway spruce plants (Picea abies [L.] Karst.)
    • Gebauer R., and Martinková M. Effects of pressure on the root systems of Norway spruce plants (Picea abies [L.] Karst.). J. For. Sci. 51 (2005) 268-275
    • (2005) J. For. Sci. , vol.51 , pp. 268-275
    • Gebauer, R.1    Martinková, M.2
  • 24
    • 0003721177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, Lausanne
    • Gobat J.M., Aragno M., and Matthey W. Le sol vivant (1998), Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, Lausanne
    • (1998) Le sol vivant
    • Gobat, J.M.1    Aragno, M.2    Matthey, W.3
  • 25
    • 2942726517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interspecific variation in soil compaction sensitivity among forest floor species
    • Godefroid S., and Koedam N. Interspecific variation in soil compaction sensitivity among forest floor species. Biol. Conserv. 119 (2004) 207-219
    • (2004) Biol. Conserv. , vol.119 , pp. 207-219
    • Godefroid, S.1    Koedam, N.2
  • 26
    • 0036299466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil compaction effects on growth of young ponderosa pine following litter removal in California's Sierra Nevada
    • Gomez A., Powers R.F., Singer M.J., and Horwath W.R. Soil compaction effects on growth of young ponderosa pine following litter removal in California's Sierra Nevada. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 66 (2002) 1334-1343
    • (2002) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. , vol.66 , pp. 1334-1343
    • Gomez, A.1    Powers, R.F.2    Singer, M.J.3    Horwath, W.R.4
  • 27
    • 0019172531 scopus 로고
    • Compaction of forest soils. A review
    • Greacen E.L., and Sands R. Compaction of forest soils. A review. Aust. J. Soil Res. 18 (1980) 163-189
    • (1980) Aust. J. Soil Res. , vol.18 , pp. 163-189
    • Greacen, E.L.1    Sands, R.2
  • 29
    • 0000605222 scopus 로고
    • Root penetration of Douglas-fir seedlings into compacted soil
    • Heilman P. Root penetration of Douglas-fir seedlings into compacted soil. For. Sci. 27 (1981) 660-666
    • (1981) For. Sci. , vol.27 , pp. 660-666
    • Heilman, P.1
  • 30
    • 84971045168 scopus 로고
    • The effects of soil water content and bulk density on the compactibility and soil penetration resistance of some Western Australian sandy soils
    • Henderson C., Levett A., and Lisle D. The effects of soil water content and bulk density on the compactibility and soil penetration resistance of some Western Australian sandy soils. Aust. J. Soil Res. 26 (1988) 391-400
    • (1988) Aust. J. Soil Res. , vol.26 , pp. 391-400
    • Henderson, C.1    Levett, A.2    Lisle, D.3
  • 31
    • 0036202181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil disturbance and 10-year growth response of coast Douglas-fir on nontilled and tilled skid trails in the Oregon Cascades
    • Heninger R., Scott W., Dobkowski A., Miller R., Anderson H., and Duke S. Soil disturbance and 10-year growth response of coast Douglas-fir on nontilled and tilled skid trails in the Oregon Cascades. Can. J. For. Res. 32 (2002) 233-246
    • (2002) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.32 , pp. 233-246
    • Heninger, R.1    Scott, W.2    Dobkowski, A.3    Miller, R.4    Anderson, H.5    Duke, S.6
  • 32
    • 0030608244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of logging traffic on the hydromorphic degradation of acid forest soils developed on loessic loam in middle Belgium
    • Herbauts J., El Bayad J., and Gruber W. Influence of logging traffic on the hydromorphic degradation of acid forest soils developed on loessic loam in middle Belgium. For. Ecol. Manage. 87 (1996) 193-207
    • (1996) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.87 , pp. 193-207
    • Herbauts, J.1    El Bayad, J.2    Gruber, W.3
  • 33
    • 0034299761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An empirical model to predict soil bulk density profiles in field conditions using penetration resistance, moisture content and soil depth
    • Hernanz J.L., Peixoto H., Cerisola C., and Sánchez-Girón V. An empirical model to predict soil bulk density profiles in field conditions using penetration resistance, moisture content and soil depth. J. Terramechanics 37 (2000) 167-184
    • (2000) J. Terramechanics , vol.37 , pp. 167-184
    • Hernanz, J.L.1    Peixoto, H.2    Cerisola, C.3    Sánchez-Girón, V.4
  • 35
    • 0036218906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil compaction under timber harvesting machinery: a preliminary report on the role of brash mats in its prevention
    • Hutchings T.R., Moffat A.J., and French C.J. Soil compaction under timber harvesting machinery: a preliminary report on the role of brash mats in its prevention. Soil Use Manage. 18 (2002) 34-38
    • (2002) Soil Use Manage. , vol.18 , pp. 34-38
    • Hutchings, T.R.1    Moffat, A.J.2    French, C.J.3
  • 36
    • 0002188254 scopus 로고
    • Changes in soil physical properties of a forest soil following logging
    • Incerti M., Clinnick P.F., and Willatt S.T. Changes in soil physical properties of a forest soil following logging. Aust. For. Res. 17 (1987) 91-98
    • (1987) Aust. For. Res. , vol.17 , pp. 91-98
    • Incerti, M.1    Clinnick, P.F.2    Willatt, S.T.3
  • 37
    • 0020970509 scopus 로고
    • Effect of soil texture on critical bulk densities for root growth
    • Jones C.A. Effect of soil texture on critical bulk densities for root growth. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 47 (1983) 1208-1211
    • (1983) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. , vol.47 , pp. 1208-1211
    • Jones, C.A.1
  • 38
    • 0032888541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of forest practices on earthworm populations and soil microbial biomass in a hardwood forest in Missouri
    • Jordan D., Li F., Ponder F.J., Berry E.C., Hubbard V.C., and Kim K.Y. The effects of forest practices on earthworm populations and soil microbial biomass in a hardwood forest in Missouri. Appl. Soil Ecol. 13 (1999) 31-38
    • (1999) Appl. Soil Ecol. , vol.13 , pp. 31-38
    • Jordan, D.1    Li, F.2    Ponder, F.J.3    Berry, E.C.4    Hubbard, V.C.5    Kim, K.Y.6
  • 39
    • 0037403651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of soil compaction, forest leaf litter and nitrogen fertilizer on two oak species and microbial activity
    • Jordan D., Ponder F.J., and Hubbard V.C. Effects of soil compaction, forest leaf litter and nitrogen fertilizer on two oak species and microbial activity. Appl. Soil Ecol. 23 (2003) 33-41
    • (2003) Appl. Soil Ecol. , vol.23 , pp. 33-41
    • Jordan, D.1    Ponder, F.J.2    Hubbard, V.C.3
  • 41
    • 0033379955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil compaction and growth of woody plants
    • Kozlowski T.T. Soil compaction and growth of woody plants. Scand. J. For. Res. 14 (1999) 596-619
    • (1999) Scand. J. For. Res. , vol.14 , pp. 596-619
    • Kozlowski, T.T.1
  • 42
    • 0034110885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses of woody plants to human-induced environmental stresses: issues, problems, and strategies for alleviating stress
    • Kozlowski T.T. Responses of woody plants to human-induced environmental stresses: issues, problems, and strategies for alleviating stress. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 19 (2000) 91-170
    • (2000) Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. , vol.19 , pp. 91-170
    • Kozlowski, T.T.1
  • 43
    • 0034314101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cumulative management impacts on soil physical properties and early growth of Pinus radiata
    • Lacey S.T., and Ryan P.J. Cumulative management impacts on soil physical properties and early growth of Pinus radiata. For. Ecol. Manage. 138 (2000) 321-333
    • (2000) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.138 , pp. 321-333
    • Lacey, S.T.1    Ryan, P.J.2
  • 46
    • 8644271817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil disturbance and 5-year tree growth in a montane alternative silvicultural systems (MASS) trial
    • Maynard D.G., and Senyk J.P. Soil disturbance and 5-year tree growth in a montane alternative silvicultural systems (MASS) trial. Forest. Chronicle 80 (2004) 573-582
    • (2004) Forest. Chronicle , vol.80 , pp. 573-582
    • Maynard, D.G.1    Senyk, J.P.2
  • 47
    • 0038470726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of slash on forwarder soil compaction
    • McDonald T.P., and Seixas F. Effect of slash on forwarder soil compaction. J. For. Eng. 8 (1997) 15-26
    • (1997) J. For. Eng. , vol.8 , pp. 15-26
    • McDonald, T.P.1    Seixas, F.2
  • 48
    • 33847293913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • McNabb, D.H., 1995. Effects of soil modifications on soil physical properties, soil quality, and ecosystem health. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Alberta Soil Science Workshop, 13-15 March 1995. Grande Prairie Inn, Grande Prairie, AB, Canada.
  • 49
    • 0029663773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil compaction and conifer growth after tractor yarding at three coastal Washington locations
    • Miller R.E., Scott W., and Hazard J.W. Soil compaction and conifer growth after tractor yarding at three coastal Washington locations. Can. J. For. Res. 26 (1996) 225-236
    • (1996) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.26 , pp. 225-236
    • Miller, R.E.1    Scott, W.2    Hazard, J.W.3
  • 50
    • 0037593603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristic site disturbance due to harvesting and extraction machinery traffic on sensitive forest sites with peat soils
    • Nugent C., Kanali C., Owende P.M.O., Nieuwenhuis M., and Ward S. Characteristic site disturbance due to harvesting and extraction machinery traffic on sensitive forest sites with peat soils. For. Ecol. Manage. 180 (2003) 85-98
    • (2003) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.180 , pp. 85-98
    • Nugent, C.1    Kanali, C.2    Owende, P.M.O.3    Nieuwenhuis, M.4    Ward, S.5
  • 51
    • 0034479247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the impact of Diplocardia ornata on physical and chemical properties of compacted forest soil in microcosms
    • Ponder F.J., Li F., Jordan D., and Berry E.C. Assessing the impact of Diplocardia ornata on physical and chemical properties of compacted forest soil in microcosms. Biol. Fert. Soils 32 (2000) 166-172
    • (2000) Biol. Fert. Soils , vol.32 , pp. 166-172
    • Ponder, F.J.1    Li, F.2    Jordan, D.3    Berry, E.C.4
  • 52
    • 0034786418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compacted soil affects soil macrofauna populations in a semi-arid environment in Central Queensland
    • Radford B.J., Wilson-Rummenie A.C., Simpson G.B., Bell K.L., and Ferguson M.A. Compacted soil affects soil macrofauna populations in a semi-arid environment in Central Queensland. Soil Biol. Biochem. 33 (2001) 1869-1872
    • (2001) Soil Biol. Biochem. , vol.33 , pp. 1869-1872
    • Radford, B.J.1    Wilson-Rummenie, A.C.2    Simpson, G.B.3    Bell, K.L.4    Ferguson, M.A.5
  • 53
    • 25744463462 scopus 로고
    • Minderung der Bodenverdichtung durch eine Reisigauflage
    • Schäfer V.T., and Sohns D. Minderung der Bodenverdichtung durch eine Reisigauflage. Allgemeine Forstzeitschrift 9 (1993) 452-455
    • (1993) Allgemeine Forstzeitschrift , vol.9 , pp. 452-455
    • Schäfer, V.T.1    Sohns, D.2
  • 54
    • 0007536291 scopus 로고
    • Forest soil compaction: effect of multiple passes and landings on wheel track surface soil bulk density
    • Shetron S.G., Sturos J.A., Padley E., and Trettin C. Forest soil compaction: effect of multiple passes and landings on wheel track surface soil bulk density. Northern J. Appl. Forest. 5 (1988) 120-123
    • (1988) Northern J. Appl. Forest. , vol.5 , pp. 120-123
    • Shetron, S.G.1    Sturos, J.A.2    Padley, E.3    Trettin, C.4
  • 56
    • 0036436340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of simulated post-harvest light availability and soil compaction on deciduous forest herbs
    • Small C.J., and McCarthy B.C. Effects of simulated post-harvest light availability and soil compaction on deciduous forest herbs. Can. J. For. Res. 32 (2002) 1753-1762
    • (2002) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.32 , pp. 1753-1762
    • Small, C.J.1    McCarthy, B.C.2
  • 57
    • 33847336123 scopus 로고
    • Populations of selected forest soil organisms affected by soil compaction
    • Smeltzer D.L.K., Bergdahl D.R., and Donnelly J.R. Populations of selected forest soil organisms affected by soil compaction. Phytopathology 72 (1982) 257-1257
    • (1982) Phytopathology , vol.72 , pp. 257-1257
    • Smeltzer, D.L.K.1    Bergdahl, D.R.2    Donnelly, J.R.3
  • 58
    • 18844373117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of harvesting operations, slash management and fertilisation on the growth of a Eucalyptus clonal hybrid on a sandy soil in Zululand, South Africa
    • Smith C.W., and Du Toit B. The effect of harvesting operations, slash management and fertilisation on the growth of a Eucalyptus clonal hybrid on a sandy soil in Zululand, South Africa. South. Afr. Forest. J. 203 (2005) 15-26
    • (2005) South. Afr. Forest. J. , vol.203 , pp. 15-26
    • Smith, C.W.1    Du Toit, B.2
  • 59
    • 0030840994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of soil compaction and soil physical properties on the mechanical resistance of South African forestry soils
    • Smith C.W., Johnston M.A., and Lorentz S. The effect of soil compaction and soil physical properties on the mechanical resistance of South African forestry soils. Geoderma 78 (1997) 93-111
    • (1997) Geoderma , vol.78 , pp. 93-111
    • Smith, C.W.1    Johnston, M.A.2    Lorentz, S.3
  • 61
    • 0034579367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of skidding on forest soil infiltration in west-central Alberta
    • Startsev A.D., and McNabb D.H. Effects of skidding on forest soil infiltration in west-central Alberta. Can. J. Soil Sci. 80 (2000) 617-624
    • (2000) Can. J. Soil Sci. , vol.80 , pp. 617-624
    • Startsev, A.D.1    McNabb, D.H.2
  • 62
    • 0036871855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspen development on similar soils in Minnesota and British Columbia after compaction and forest floor removal
    • Stone D.M., and Kabzems R. Aspen development on similar soils in Minnesota and British Columbia after compaction and forest floor removal. Forest. Chronicle 78 (2002) 886-891
    • (2002) Forest. Chronicle , vol.78 , pp. 886-891
    • Stone, D.M.1    Kabzems, R.2
  • 63
    • 1542321058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrous oxide emission and methane consumption following compaction of forest soils
    • Teepe R., Brumme R., Beese F., and Ludig B. Nitrous oxide emission and methane consumption following compaction of forest soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 68 (2004) 605-611
    • (2004) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. , vol.68 , pp. 605-611
    • Teepe, R.1    Brumme, R.2    Beese, F.3    Ludig, B.4
  • 64
    • 0035000646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of water content and bulk density to field soil penetration resistance as measured by a combined cone penetrometer-TDR probe
    • Vaz C.M.P., Bassoi L.H., and Hopmans J.W. Contribution of water content and bulk density to field soil penetration resistance as measured by a combined cone penetrometer-TDR probe. Soil Tillage Res. 60 (2001) 35-42
    • (2001) Soil Tillage Res. , vol.60 , pp. 35-42
    • Vaz, C.M.P.1    Bassoi, L.H.2    Hopmans, J.W.3
  • 65
    • 15344345824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modern forestry vehicles and their impact on soil physical properties
    • Vossbrink J., and Horn R. Modern forestry vehicles and their impact on soil physical properties. Eur. J. For. Res. 123 (2004) 259-267
    • (2004) Eur. J. For. Res. , vol.123 , pp. 259-267
    • Vossbrink, J.1    Horn, R.2
  • 67
    • 24344480524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of effective stress to predict the penetrometer resistance of unsaturated agricultural soils
    • Whalley W.R., Leeds-Harrison P.B., Clark L.J., and Gowing D.J.G. Use of effective stress to predict the penetrometer resistance of unsaturated agricultural soils. Soil Tillage Res. 84 (2005) 18-27
    • (2005) Soil Tillage Res. , vol.84 , pp. 18-27
    • Whalley, W.R.1    Leeds-Harrison, P.B.2    Clark, L.J.3    Gowing, D.J.G.4
  • 68
    • 0033780202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of forest site on rate and extent of soil compaction and profile disturbance of skid trails during ground-based harvesting
    • Williamson J.R., and Neilsen W.A. The influence of forest site on rate and extent of soil compaction and profile disturbance of skid trails during ground-based harvesting. Can. J. For. Res. 30 (2000) 1196-1205
    • (2000) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.30 , pp. 1196-1205
    • Williamson, J.R.1    Neilsen, W.A.2
  • 69
    • 0038115248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced ground disturbance during mechanized forest harvesting on sensitive forest soils in the UK
    • Wood M.J., Carling P.A., and Moffat A.J. Reduced ground disturbance during mechanized forest harvesting on sensitive forest soils in the UK. Forestry 76 (2003) 345-361
    • (2003) Forestry , vol.76 , pp. 345-361
    • Wood, M.J.1    Carling, P.A.2    Moffat, A.J.3
  • 71
    • 0001634131 scopus 로고
    • Impact of tractor thinning operations on soil and tree roots in a Karri forest, western Australia
    • Wronski E.B. Impact of tractor thinning operations on soil and tree roots in a Karri forest, western Australia. Aust. For. Res. 14 (1984) 319-332
    • (1984) Aust. For. Res. , vol.14 , pp. 319-332
    • Wronski, E.B.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.